Optimized CSMRI Algorithm-Based MRI Image Analysis in the Active Rehabilitation Method for Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

This paper combines optimized CSMRI algorithm (CS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to shorten the scanning time of MRI image data and improve the imaging quality. At the same time, the paper applies functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) based on the principle of blood oxygen level dependence to explore the application value of the nerve function reconstruction therapy system for the rehabilitation of active and passive motor functions in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods. In this paper, 20 patients with acute cerebral infarction were included. The random drawing method was used to divide them into active group and passive group, each with 10 cases. Both groups were treated with conventional medication and acupuncture. The active group used the active mode of the nerve function reconstruction treatment system to guide the patients’ limb active exercise; all training in the passive group is provided by the nerve function reconstruction treatment system to passively exercise the patients’ limbs; both groups undergo BOLD-fMRI examination before treatment and after 2 weeks of treatment and observe the activated parts of the brain functional area and corresponding parts of the two groups before and after treatment. We observe the activation volume and, at the same time, the ADL score. Results. After treatment, the activation volume and ADL scores of brain functional areas in the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The combination of optimized CSMRI algorithm (CS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to evaluate the early rehabilitation efficacy of patients with acute cerebral infarction and has certain guiding value for clinical treatment.

Efficacy of Active and Passive Evidence-Based Practice Training for Postgraduate Medical Residents: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

ObjectiveThis study examined the effects of two evidence-based practice (EBP) educational programs for postgraduate medical residents on their attitude, behavior, knowledge, outcome, and competencies in EBP. ResultsThirty-nine and thirty postgraduate medical residents were recruited for the active intervention and passive intervention groups. 66.6% of the active group participants and 66.6% of participants in the passive group were males (p>0.05). Participants in the active group were significantly younger than the passive group (p<0.0001). The active and passive intervention groups were not significantly different from each other at the baseline in the EBP-KABQ questionnaire (p>0.05). However, most questions were significantly different from the pre-intervention measurement and the passive intervention group after the educational intervention. Before the educational intervention, both groups had similar ACE tool scores (4.14 ± 1.72 in the active group vs. 4.79 ± 0.94 in the passive group, p>0.05). However, educational intervention in both groups led to a significant difference between groups (8.86 ± 2.62 vs. 7.31 ± 2.92, p= 0.029, in the active and passive group, respectively). Paired t-test analysis revealed that our intervention has lead to a significant increase in ACE tool scores in both groups (p<0.000, in both groups).

Considering a Meso-Ergonomic Factor: Can Accountability Reduce Errors?

Accountability is an ill-defined and underexplored concept in job design, particularly in highly proceduralized environments that must operate under both high throughput and high-security expectations. Using x-ray images from the Airport Scanner game, this paper investigates two mechanisms of accountability: an active condition, and a passive condition. Each group was shown a list of prohibited items, but different feedback was provided. The active group was asked to be vigilant for any possible threat, whereas the passive group was instructed to stick to the list. Data from 76 participants were collected. The active group took longer (+16%) to process fewer (-10%) x-ray images compared to the passive group. As a result, the active group accomplished fewer hits (-14%), but also fewer misses (-31%) compared to the other group. While the active group worked slower, they provided higher quality performance. We conclude that accountability mechanisms can reduce errors if applied appropriately.

Comparative Effectiveness of Three Different Delivery Models for a Community-Based Diabetes Prevention and Management Education Program in Older Adults

Objectives The purpose was to compare the effects of three different delivery models for a diabetes prevention and management education (DPME) program on nutrition and diabetes knowledge (NDK), self-efficacy, dietary behaviors, skin carotenoid score (SCS), Body Mass Index (BMI), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) among older adults. Methods We investigated dietary perceptions and health education needs of the community-dwelling older persons through interviewer-administered questionnaires in Lubbock, Texas (n = 186). This was then used to modify the national Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), where the core elements were healthy eating within limited budget, enhancing self-efficacy, nutrition misconceptions, and practical problem-solving skills. The intervention was a clustered randomized trial (CRT). We recruited six community centers (two blocks of three). Two centers were randomly assigned to receive DPME through education and support from nutrition professionals (Pro, n = 23), two centers were assigned to trained peer educators (Peer, n = 27), and two centers were assigned to receive written materials (Passive, n = 26). Pro and Peer groups received weekly 45-minuate DPME sessions and the written materials for 10 weeks. Passive group received the DPME written materials on a weekly basis. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Results The majority of subjects were Hispanics (72.4%), followed by Caucasians (14.5%) and African Americans (11.8%). Regression models demonstrated a significant improvement in self-efficacy score in Peer group (+0.38 ± 0.24) compared to the other two groups (+0.18 ± 0.32 for Pro and +0.11 ± 0.45 for Passive, P &lt; 0.05). We found significant within-group improvements in NDK (P &lt; 0.01), SCS (P &lt; 0.001), and dietary behaviors (P &lt; 0.001) for both Pro and Peer groups, with no significant differences between the two groups. Passive group did not show any significant changes in any of the outcomes measures. Budget management strategies were the most frequently reported element that empowered participants for changing their dietary behaviors. Conclusions Peer education provides a sustainable resource for diabetes prevention programs for community-dwelling elderly people. Passive information dissemination had no benefits to diabetes prevention for older adults. Funding Sources TTU Start-Up Funds.

Exergaming improves functional fitness in MCI patients. Does the APOE genotype moderate the outcome?

Objectives: Mild cognitive impairment could be defined as the condition between healthy aging and dementia. MCI patients seem to retain the neuroplasticity to benefit from Physical Exercise (PE) interventions delaying the progression to dementia. The present study investigates the impact of PE via “Exergaming” on the functional fitness of MCI adults, depending on the presence of the APOEɛ4 allele. Methods: 159 MCI participants were recruited. They were separated to two groups (performing PE or not). The Fullerton Functional Test was used as a primary outcome measure in two-time points (prior to and after PE). Results: The Active group showed more considerable improvement compared to the Passive group in all Fullerton components despite the presence of APOEε4. Discussion: ΡΕ via exergaming has a beneficial functional effect in MCI patients, whether carrying the APOEɛ4 allele or not.

PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI LEMBAR KERJA SISWA DENGAN PENDEKATAN OPEN ENDED SMP NEGERI 2 CEPER KLATEN

The purpose of this class action research is to (1) improve students' mathematics learning achievement through learning with the help of worksheet open ended approach in class VII F SMPN 2 Ceper, Ceper District, Klaten Regency 2017/2018 Academic Year. (2) Describe how to overcome the constraints of applying learning with the help of worksheet open ended approach to improve mathematics learning achievement of class VII F SMPN 2 Ceper. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded: (1) The application of the learning with the help of worksheet open ended approach can improve the learning achievement of grade VII F SMPN 2 Ceper, which is indicated by: students of class VII F as many as 32 students have increased learning achievement that is before action only 53.1% of students study completely, after the action becomes 100%. How to overcome constraints, namely the teacher must be skilled in applying learning with the help of worksheet open ended approach is: a) reviewing the concepts and basic competencies that students will learn, b) forming heterogeneous study groups both in terms of ability, gender, religion, tribes etc., c) prepare everything about learning as well as possible so that when learning runs smoothly, d) minimize the number of group members so that learning takes place effectively with no passive group members or playing alone during group discussions, e) giving gifts at the best group presentations.

Passive teaching is not as effective as active teaching for learning the standard technique of pivot shift test

ObjectiveTwo major teaching methods available for learning the pivot shift test are active teaching with real-time feedback from an instructor and passive teaching through the use of instructional textbooks or videos. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active and passive teaching methods on the execution of the proper technique of the pivot shift test.MethodsSix orthopaedic surgery residents each performed 110 pivot shift tests on a fresh-frozen, cadaveric pelvis-to-toe specimen with anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency and lateral meniscectomy. Participants performed 10 repetitions before teaching and a total of 100 repetitions after either active or passive teaching. Six degree-of-freedom kinematics of the knee defined by the Grood/Suntay coordinate system were recorded after every fifth repetition using an electromagnetic tracking system. Anterior/posterior translation of the lateral knee compartment during the reduction event was also quantified. Depending on the normality of the data, a two-tailed t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparisons of kinematics between the active and passive teaching groups and between successful and unsuccessful trials within each teaching group. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsThe success rate after active teaching was 31.7% compared with 30.0% after passive teaching. However, the starting position of the reduction event in the active teaching group was rotated by more than twice the amount of valgus rotation compared with the passive group (7.4°±3.3° vs 3.0°±2.7°; p<0.001). During the reduction event, the active teaching group underwent 4.4°±5.6° of external rotation, which is 10.6° in the opposite direction of the passive group (6.2°±4.8° of internal rotation; p<0.001).ConclusionSuccessful pivot shift tests can be performed after passive teaching, but the standard technique is not as effectively learnt through passive teaching since traditional external rotation during the reduction event was not used as in the active teaching group.Level of evidenceV.

Importance of Active Participation in Obesity Management Through Mobile Health Care Programs: Substudy of a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Due to the prevalence of the westernized dietary pattern and lack of physical activity, the numbers of overweight or obese individuals are increasing, resulting in a growing health burden because of various related diseases. A lifestyle modification approach has additional advantages compared with pharmacological therapies or bariatric surgery. In our randomized controlled trial conducted in 2015, we successfully used a ubiquitous health care (SmartCare) service for patients with metabolic syndrome to achieve a significant weight loss effect. Various useful apps have been developed for the SmartCare Service, which involves using a mobile phone to manage chronic diseases, minimizing time and space restrictions. Many studies have demonstrated weight loss effects using a SmartCare service, but limited data are available regarding the effect of active participation in relation to weight loss. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the weight loss effect achieved after using the SmartCare service in terms of adherence and participation. We divided the intervention group of the previous study according to participation level, and analyzed whether there was a significant difference in the outcome. METHODS We classified participants into 3 groups according to their adherence. Within the intervention group using the SmartCare service, the active group comprised those transmitting anthropometric measurement data using a mobile phone 3 or more times per week or who had a health consultation 5 or more times during a 24-week period. The passive group comprised those who did not adhere to these levels of engagement. The control group comprised those who did not use the SmartCare service. We compared changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference, and lipid profile among the 3 groups. RESULTS We identified 422 participants and analyzed 405, excluding 17 who were missing necessary data for analysis. The active group consisted of 116 participants, compared with 80 in the passive group and 209 in the control group (without SmartCare service). There was a statistically significant difference in improvements to body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference among active participants compared with less active participants and the control group (P<.05). However, the lipid profile changes did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS The level of participation may be related to improved weight-related outcomes, which may improve health outcomes. To maximize the effectiveness of the SmartCare service, encouraging active participation is important. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01344811; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01344811 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6alT2MmIB)

Peranan aliran murji’ah dalam membangun Kehidupan toleransi di masa modern

This paper explores the tolerance in the modern era. Tolerance is an important component in building a plural society aiming at living together without being distinguished from each other. Conversely, the lack of tolerance has the potential to threaten the unity especially in the context of the nation, like Indonesia. The awareness of diversity in thinking and acting will add harmonious life and tolerance, such as the <em>Murji'ah</em> group. This research used qualitative methods that are library research by using Islamic literature as the main reference. Therefore, it can be said that the difference in the world of Islamic thought has long been developed. It is in line with the teachings offered by the <em>Murji'ah</em> group. Although in its development this group is divided into two major groups namely the moderates (<em>Mutawasith</em>) and extreme (Mutasaddid). Since the Murji'ah no longer grew as a dynamic stream, but turned into a passive group. Nevertheless, the original character remains visible that is a tolerant attitude.