Testicular torsion treatment: the horns of a dilemma?

Introduction Testicular torsion treatment rests on the horns of a dilemma, with widespread national variation in whether the responsible surgical specialty is general surgery or urology, even in hospitals with both general surgery and urology emergency service assets. This study aimed to quantify higher surgical trainee operative experience and confidence in managing suspected testicular torsion in a single UK deanery (Wales). Materials and methods Anonymised logbook data were obtained via the Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme version 10 using the head of school report function for all general surgery (n=53) and urology (n=15) higher surgical trainees, which were combined with the distribution of an electronic self-administered questionnaire. Results Median operative scrotal explorations recorded for all general surgery higher surgical trainees and senior general surgery higher surgical trainees (ST7+) was 7 (range 1–22) and 10 (range 1–22), compared with 21 (range 9–64, p=0.00104) and 24 (19–64, p<0.001) for urology higher surgical trainees. The questionnaire response rate was 64.6% (general surgery 31/50, urology 11/15). Confidence levels in assessing adult and paediatric patients were lower in general surgery when compared with urology higher surgical trainees: median adult confidence rate 7/10 compared with 9/10, and paediatric confidence rate 7/10 compared with 8/10 (p<0.001 and p=0.053, respectively). All higher surgical trainees preferred urology as the accountable hospital specialty when both assets were available. Discussion and conclusion General surgery higher surgical trainees receive less than 50% of the operative exposure of urology higher surgical trainees in emergency scrotal surgery, which has important implications for curriculum competence development and patient safety.

Healing Effects of Fresh Earthworms (Pheretima Javanica K.) for Typhoid Fever Induced in Male White Rat (Rattus Norvegicus L.)

Typhoid fever is systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria which is still considered as a health problem for the world people. This reasearch aims to know the healing efffects of fresh earthworm species Pheretima javanica to reduction typhoid fever replace the treatment using cloramphenicol. This research using male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with negative control and positive control by using cloramphenicol. and 4 treatments group of each 5 rats. The test consists of Widal test, feces test and body weight measurement were analyzed descriptively, while body temperature measurement was analyzed by using ANOVA test and continued with Duncan test with confidence rate at 95%. The analyzed result got probably result p = 0,0001 (p < 0,05) means that fresh earthworm has a significant effect on the reduction of typhoid fever on male white rats with optimal dosage is 3 gram / 0.2 kg BB.

Analisis Penggunaan Alat Mesin Pertanian Berbasis Traktor Tangan pada Kegiatan Perawatan Budidaya Tebu

Java contributes 63.7% of national sugar production, in which 55.6% is produced by the farmer from 312,973 ha of sugarcane area (65.6% of Indonesia’s cane crop area). Farm labor in Java was very limited in the past two decades, so was needed mechanization. Howeveer, the size of agricultural machines were not accordance with the size of land, the limited of spares, and was not optimally managed. This research aimed to calculate operational cost of farm machinery (hand tractor) on the cane cultivation activities up to 6-month cane growth period. This study was carried out at Comal, Center of Java at alluvial land 8 mdpl and at Pasuruan, East Java at alluvial 10 mdpl. From each location, 2 plots of 0.1 ha were observed. The treatments were manual and machine cultivation with 3 replications. The observed agrotechnical parameters were the bud emergence, number of stalk, clump, stalk height and diameter, and operational cost of using machinery. The agrotechnical result using t-test (95% confidence rate) showed no significance among treatments. Other results revealed that using machinery for fertilizing, soil heaping up, and soil moving (gulud) in Pasuruan can substitute manual daily worker (HOK) for 6 HOK, 12 HOK and 20 HOK, respectively, using tractor by 7 hours/day. Meanwhile in Comal, using machinery for fertilizing, soil heaping up, and soil hilling up (gulud) can substitute manual daily worker (HOK) for 9 HOK, 16 HOK, and 20 HOK, respectively. The cost analysis indicated the 35.54% reduction of using machinery compared to the manual expense. This study revealed that the machinery could substitute the manual worker for cane cultivation.

Kualitas Pelayanan Islami Dan Kepuasan Nasabah Pada Bank Umum Syariah Di Jakarta

The syariah banking follows the Islamic law making its cultural background very different to the conventional banking. There is tight competition between the two banking systems in providing customer’s expectation with the best quality of customer service. To allow the syariah banking to win the competition against conventional banking, it is important to have the finest product strategy and quality service scheme in place. This research is using Multiple Regression analysis, resulting in four dimensions of quality service. They are assurance, reliability, tangible and empathy. These dimensions can influence positive customer’s satisfaction. Other dimension such as compliance cannot have positive influence on customer’s satisfaction. Statistically that not all variable of quality services demonstrate significant result. Dimension variable that demonstrates significant result is assurance, reliability, tangible and empathy, while compliance and responsiveness does not have significant result and only reach the confidence rate of 95 %.

Evaluasi Ketidakpastian Pengukuran Multi-Unsur Dalam Mineral Zirkon Dengan Metode Analisis Aktivasi Neutron

Evaluasi analisis multi-unsur yang disertai perhitungan ketidakpastian unsur pada mineral zirkon yang berasal dari Sampit, Kalimantan Tengah dan Pulau Bangka telah dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Aktivasi Neutron (AAN). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan komposisi dan nilai ketidakpastian multi-unsur dalam mineral zirkon untuk memenuhi persyaratan ISO/IEC guide 17025-2008 yang telah diterapkan pada laboratorium AAN. Analisis menggunakan spektrometri gamma dengan detektor HPGe menghasilkan 21 unsur terdeteksi yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok (mayor, minor, dan kelumit). Evaluasi ketidakpastian pengukuran perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan tingkat kepercayaan hasil analisis. Hasil pengujian tidak akan bermakna tanpa disertai perhitungan ketidakpastian. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan evaluasi nilai perhitungan ketidakpastian pada hasil analisis semua unsur yang terkandung dalam mineral zirkon. Hasil analisis kuantitatif tertinggi adalah zirkonium (Zr) dengan konsentrasi 38,986% dan mempunyai nilai ketidakpastian 0,33% sehingga nilai konsentrasi nyata adalah 38,986±0,33%, dalam oksida (ZrO2) mempunyai konsentrasi 52,661±0,45%. Unsur stibium (Sb) adalah unsur yang terdeteksi paling rendah dengan nilai konsentrasi dan ketidakpastian adalah 7±0,3 μg/g sedangkan dalam oksida (Sb2O3) mempunyai konsentrasi 17±0,9 μg/g. Komposisi oksida dan bahan kimia dalam mineral pasir zirkon yang lebih signifikan berasal dari Sampit dengan kandungan ZrO2+HfO2 (53-55%), F2O3 (5-6%), TiO2 (13-14%), Al2O3 (1,5-2%) dan SiO2. Unsur Si (SiO2) tidak dapat ditentukan dengan metode AAN sebab tampang lintang Si sangat kecil. The evaluation of multi-elements analysis has been carried out with calculation of element uncertainy in the zircon mineral from Sampit (Central Kalimantan) dan Bangka has been evaluated by the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) method. The purpose of this research is determination of composition and value of multi-elements uncertainty in the mineral of zircon to fulfil the requirements of ISO/IEC guide 17025-2008 that applied at NAA laboratory. The result of analysis using gamma spectrometry with a HPGe detector showed of 21 detected elements, divided into three groups (major, minor, and trace). Evaluation of uncertainty estimation should be done to increase quality and confidence rate of analysis results. The result of testing are not mean without calculation of uncertainty. Therefore, it was assessed the uncertainty measurement of all elements analysis in zircon mineral. The results of quantitative analysis is Zr with the highest concentration value of 38.986% and value of uncertainty is 0.331% so that value of real concentration is 38.986 ± 0.331%. In the form of oxide (ZrO2) has concentration of 52.661±0.45%. Sb element is the lowest element detected with value of concentration and uncertainty is 7±0,3 µg/g. In the form of oxide (Sb2O3) has concentration is 17±0.9 µg/g. The oxide composition and the must important of chemicals in the zircon sand mineral more significant from Sampit which quantitative composition areZrO2+HfO2 (53-55%), F2O3 (5-6%), TiO2 (13-14%), Al2O3 (1.5-2%) and SiO2. Elements ofSi(SiO2) can not be determinedbyNAAmethodbecauseSi cross-sections is verysmall.