Algorithmic Modelling of Advanced Chlorination Procedures for Multimetal Recovery

In the course of developing an innovative process for CO2-optimised valuable metal recovery from precipitation residues accumulating in the zinc industry or nickel industry, the chlorination reactions were investigated. As the basis of small-scale pyrometallurgical experiments, the selected reaction systems were evaluated by means of thermodynamic calculations. With the help of the thermochemical computation software FactSage (Version 8.0), it is possible to simulate the potential valuable metal recovery from residual materials such as jarosite and goethite. In the course of the described investigations, an algorithmically supported simulation scheme was developed by means of Python 3 programming language. The algorithm determines the optimal process parameters for the chlorination of valuable metals, whereby up to 10,000 scenarios can be processed per iteration. This considers the mutual influences and secondary conditions that are neglected in individual calculations.

Survei Ketahanan Petani Sekitar Kawasan Industri Pengolahan Nikel di Sulawesi Tenggara

Exploration of mineral resources can encourage economic development and threaten the environment, health, ecosystem, and social comfort of the surrounding community. Therefore, through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities or other activities, industrial companies can balance negative impacts and strengthen sustainable development that can improve the resilience and welfare of the surrounding community. Therefore, this research aims to assess the community's resilience in supporting the sustainability of agricultural development. The research will be conducted in Morosi Subdistrict, Konawe Regency. The concept of community resilience and the theory of sustainability of growth became the basis of this study. This research was started by conducting literature studies in various reputable books and journals to determine community resilience dimensions. Finally, set 5 dimensions measuring community resilience and six indicators measure the sustainability of agricultural development. A total of 24 items are used to measure community resilience and six instruments to measure the sustainability of agricultural development. This research was conducted from October to December 2020. The study involved 295 respondents distributed to family heads in 10 villages adjacent to Nickel Industry activities. Descriptive Statistical Analysis is used to explain the level of resilience of the community. This study found that farmers' resilience was built due to the operation of the nickel industry at the research site, such as economic dimensions, social capital, environment, community competence, information, and communication. The dimensions of social capital, community competence, knowledge, and communication are considered high. In comparison, the economic and environmental aspects are relatively moderate. This dimension is expected to be one of the guidelines for the government in taking a policy of building farmers community' resilience for the sustainability of agricultural development, especially farmers around the Nickel mining industry.

Karakteristik Beton Mutu Tinggi Dengan Komposisi Slag dan Agregat Halus Batu Gamping

In general, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate as the main components of concrete come from nature so that one day it will run out, alternative substitutes are needed. One of the alternative materials is Nickel Slag. Nickel slag is a type of rock dumped from the nickel industry. Limestone is also used as an alternative to fine aggregate. This study aims to determine the strength of concrete and the relationship between the characteristics of the concrete using nickeI sIag and limestone as a substitute for fine aggregate to the quality of the concrete. As for the variations of 0%, 10% and 20% and the percentage of using limestone as a substitute for fine aggregate is 10%. The method of mixing the concrete uses the SNI-03-2834-2000 method with a planned concrete quality of 42Mpa. From this research, it was found that the compressive strength of concrete with variations of 0%, 10% and 20% were respectively 42.360 MPa, 42.347 MPa and 41.781 MPa, the split tensile strength test with variations of 0%, 10% and 20% respectively was equal to 3.94 MPa, 3.064 MPa and 2.293 MPa and the flexural strength testing with variations of 0%, 10% and 20% were respectively 4.242 MPa, 4.068 MPa and 3.179 MPa. The relationship of split tensile strength for the variation of Nickel Slag variations 0%, 10%, and 20% is 9,242%, 7,178%, and 7% of the compressive strength, respectively, the relationship of split tensile strength for the variation of Nickel Slag variations 0%, 10%, and 20% of 0.65, 0.62, and 0.57 of compressive strength, respectively. From the resuIts of the study, it was concIuded that the concrete mixture with nickel and limestone slag substitution resulted in a decrease in strength as the percentage of nickel slag substitution increased.

Occupational Diseases in Workers of Copper and Nickel Industry in the Kola Arctic (1989–2018)

Summary. Introduction: Non-ferrous metallurgy is one of the basic economic sectors of the Murmansk Region, which workers are at increased risk of occupational diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in the Kola Arctic copper and nickel industry workers in 1989–2018. Materials and methods: We analyzed data on working conditions and occupational diseases in the Murmansk Region in 1989–2018. Results: We observed the following changes in workers of the Kola copper and nickel industry during the 30-year study period: 1) the length of service until manifestation of an occupational disease increased from 46.3 ± 1.3 to 55.0 ± 0.6 years (p < 0.001); 2) the proportion of women among occupational disease cases increased from 3.6% to 33.0% (p < 0.001); 3) the number of newly diagnosed occupational diseases in an employee increased from 1.04 ± 0.04 to 2.19 ± 0.12 (p < 0.001); 4) the proportion of cases of chronic intoxication with nickel compounds in the general structure of occupational diseases rose from 6.9 % to 34.7 % while the percentage of respiratory diseases dropped from 89.7 % to 34.2 % (p < 0.001). In 1989–2008, we noted an increase in occupational disease rates with peak values (336 cases) achieved in 2004–2008. In the following decade, their number decreased by 2.7 times from 104 to 38 cases, and their share among all regional occupational disease cases dropped from 40.2 % to 16.6 % (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Respiratory diseases and chronic intoxication from exposure to nickel compounds prevailed in the structure of occupational diseases in metallurgists in the Kola Arctic. An increase in the number of occupational diseases per worker, a rise in the proportion of women among sick workers, and a sharp decline in occupational disease rates in 2009–2018 require a proper explanation.

Processing of Cut-Off Grade Ores and Copper and Nickel Industry Process Waste: A Feasibility Study

The processing of previously unclaimed ores and wastes as sources of non-ferrous metals, with an associated reduction in the environmental burden, is a promising field of research. Besides, many relatively minor non-ferrous metal deposits with complex mining engineering and geological properties exist, whose development by conventional mining methods is not economically feasible. The theoretical possibility of processing the cut-off grade copper-nickel objects of Murmansk Region was shown. Process conditionswere found making the process economically feasible. Processing these mineral feed types will also allow in the long term to improve the environmental situation in the region.

The Impact of Nickel Management on Community Socio-Economic Conditions in Morosi District Konawe Regency

This study aims to discover the impact of ore nickel management by PT. VDNI (Virtue Dragon Nickel Industry) on the socio-economic conditions of the community in Morosi Village, Morosi District, Konawe Regency. Methodologically, the decision of research informants was used as a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the impacts of nickel management in Morosi Village included social and economic impacts. Social impacts include increasing education continuity, free health services for workers, making social solidarity between workers, land conflicts between citizens and companies, and decreasing interest in young people to farm. While the impact on the economic condition of the community includes opening up employment opportunities, increasing income, and improving the housing conditions of the workers.

Production and non-production risks to health of workers of the Nickel industry in the Arctic

Harmful production and non-production (smoking and obesity) factors create an increased health risk and should be equally taken into account in preventive measures for the nickel industry workers in the Arctic.

The New Caledonia independence referendum: What happens now?

This article gives an interpretative treatment of the historical record, from France taking possession of New Caledonia in 1853, through to the current Matîgnon process, assessing indications for coming developments. Focused on the debate over independence, it considers: interests of the French state as both arbitrator and participant in events; relations among the indigenous Melanesian Kanaks, European French Caldoches, and smaller ethnic communities; memories of colonial exploitation obstructing progress; the large nickel industry; immigration, and associated minority status of Kanak society—a central problem. It describes the alternation of left and right-wing parties in government in France, with Socialist Party governments commencing moves towards independence, possibly in association with France, and conservative governments moving to countermand those moves. It posits that the parties in New Caledonia have improved their chances of finding a positive outcome through jointly participating in government during 30 years of peace.

Effect of Ferronickel Slag Powder on Microhydration Heat, Flow, Compressive Strength, and Drying Shrinkage of Mortar

This paper investigates the effect of ferronickel slag powder on microhydration heat, flow, compressive strength, and drying shrinkage of mortar. In South Korea, approximately two million tons of ferronickel slag, a by-product of the nickel industry, are produced every year. However, a considerable amount of this by-product is treated as waste and dumped in landfills. Ferronickel slag powder was used to replace Portland cement at a ratio of 15% by binder mass. In addition, the mortar test with other cementitious materials, including blast-furnace slag powder and fly ash, was conducted and compared with the sample containing ferronickel slag powder. According to this investigation, the microhydration heat of mortar and concrete can be reduced with the appropriate use of ferronickel slag powder. In addition, in order to achieve higher concrete compressive strengths, it is apparently advantageous to use the ferronickel slag powder and fly ash together rather than using ferronickel slag powder alone.