Włodzimierz Dworzaczek – wydawca, redaktor, publicysta (1905-1918)

The aim of the article is to present the publishing, editorial and journalistic activity of Włodzimierz Dworzaczek, who initiated the development of the Polish press in Minsk at the beginning of the 20th century, which according to him was a source of promoting the Polish national consciousness of the people. The analysis of archival documents, as well as publications by Dworzaczek (mainly “Nad Świsłoczą” and “Pogoń”) allows us to state that Dworzaczek was a person consistently striving to create a local press unit in Minsk. Despite the failure of subsequent initiatives, he made further attempts. An objective assessment of the achievements of the editor of “Nad Świsłoczą” allows us to state that Dworzaczek was unable to create a self-sufficient magazine in Minsk, which was the result not only of the lack of wider interest of potential readers in the local press, but also, as we can guess, the uncompromising nature of the initiator himself.

Effect of starch binder on charcoal briquette properties

The paper shows the results of a study on the effect of starch binder on the mechanical, physical and burning properties of charcoal briquettes. Two types of binders were repeatedly used to make briquettes of native wheat starch and modified wheat starch, at 8% of the whole. Briquetting was performed in a roller press unit, and pillow-shaped briquettes were made. The moisture of the mixed material ranged from 28 to 32%. The product, whether the former or the latter, was characterized by very good mechanical properties and satisfactory physical properties. Moreover, the type of starch binder had no effect on toughness, calorific heating value, volatiles, fixed carbon content and ash content. However, the combustion test showed quite different burning properties. As briquettes should have short firing up time and lower smokiness, as well as high maximum temperature and long burning time, we have concluded that briquettes with native wheat starch as a binder are more appropriate for burning in the grill.

Development and Evaluation of Equipment Enhancements for Transient Liquid Phase Bonding (TLPB) and Sintering

Operating devices at higher temperatures in automotive applications and the use of wide bandgap materials have driven the development of new bonding technologies as silver sintering and transient liquid phase bonding (TLPB). Considering their specific demands a dedicated tool for processing in batch was developed and characterized. Press unit containing a flexible elastomer membrane was implemented in a vacuum reflow soldering chamber. It allows bonding of various devices with different thickness without using height compensating tooling. Pressures up to 0.5 MPa, temperatures of maximum 300 °C and reducing atmosphere were utilized to demonstrate the process capability for void free low pressure silver sintering and Cu-Sn TLPB.

Effects of Mixing Ratio between Eucalyptus Bark Charcoal and Cassava Starch on the Performance of a Charcoal Block Pressing Unit

The objective of this research was to study on charcoal block production from eucalyptus bark using screw press unit. The physical and thermal properties of charcoal and factors affecting the testing units performance, which were mixing ratios by weight of eucalyptus bark charcoal: cassava starch: water content (1: 0.10: 0.75, 1: 0.15: 0.75 and 1: 0.20: 0.75) and screw pressing speeds (90, 105, 120 and 135 rpm) were studied. The optimum of screw press unit was screw pressing speed of 120-135 rpm and a mixing ratio by weight of eucalyptus bark charcoal: cassava starch: water content of 1: 0.15: 0.75. The test result at the feed rate of 140 kg/hr indicated that the machine had a capacity of 119.71-121.95 kg/hr, specific energy consumption of 12.33-12.73 W-hr/kg, charcoal block bulk density of 467.55 to 468.88 kg/m3, charcoal strength of 152.58 to 153.60 kPa and heating value of 21.95 MJ/kg for charcoal block moisture content of 7.46 % (w.b.)

Studies on Charcoal Block Production from Three Charcoal Types of Biomass Employing Screw Press Unit

The objective of this research was to study and develop bio-charcoal from agricultural wastes. The prototype machine consisted of a mixing tank, a screw conveyor, a hopper, a screw pressing unit, a transmission unit and a main frame. Three types of charcoal powder (cassava stump coal, assorted wood coal and coconut-shell coal) and three screw pressing speeds (115, 130 and 145 rpm) were studied. The experimental results indicated that the prototype gave the best combination of using a feed rate of 140 kg/h, screw pressing speed of 145 rpm and a mixing ratio by weight of assorted wood coal: coconut-shell coal: cassava starch: water content of 0.5: 0.5: 0.15: 1. The machine had a working capacity of 131.5 kg/h, specific energy consumption of 16.16 W-h/kg, bulk density of 676.0 kg/m3, compressive strength of 0.235 MPa, heating value of 5527.3 cal/g and utilization efficiency of 27.79-29.56 %. The charcoal block length, outer diameter and inner diameter were 15.01±1.62 cm, 4.12±0.05 cm and 1.23±0.12 cm respectively at an average moisture content of 7.31 % (db.).