Pótlások Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához XI.

Jelen közlemény a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképei­nek kiegészítésére indított sorozat tizenegyedik része. Cikkünkben a Tokaj-Zempléni-hegyvidékre koncentrálunk, de közlünk adatokat a szomszédos Bodrogközből és a Hernád-völgyből is. Közlemé­nyünkben összesen 53 KEF kvadrátból, 75 (többségében védett) faj 325 adatával egészítjük ki a flóraat­lasz elterjedési térképeit. Ezek közül a fontosabbak: Aconitum variegatum, Alchemilla subcrenata, Aster amellus, Cardamine glanduligera, Centaurea triumfettii, Cephalanthera damasonium, Dianthus deltoides, Epipactis pontica, Gentianopsis ciliata, Orchis morio, Orthilia secunda, Petasites albus, Platanthera bifolia, Polygala major, Prunella grandiflora, Pulsatilla grandis, Rosa pendulina, Salix aurita, Scilla kladnii, Stipa dasyphylla.

Structural features of the Orchidaceae populations

Currently, there is an insufficient number of studies on the low-level taxonomic diversity of orchids. This situation leads to the threat of implementation of measures to protect various species at multiple levels and may lead to their extinction. This is exactly the reason for the relevance of the present study. The goal of the study is to reveal the structural features of three populations of the orchid family based on indicators of density, ecological allocation, vitality, seed productivity, and the like. The leading approach to the study was the examination and comparison of various parameters of samples. The subjects of the study were individuals of three isolated populations of the Cephalanthera damasonium species. The study revealed a high level of vitality of one of the populations, due to the largest number. In addition, it was found that the age structure of the population forms the dynamics of development, and the highest seed productivity depends on the number and density of individuals. A common feature for all three studied populations is growth on the cinereous podzolized soils. At the same time, the content of calcium and other trace elements, CaCO3 and organic matter in the upper soil layers is substantially different. The content of such metals as nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) in the soils of the three localities of the studied populations is approximately the same, and the content of magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) fluctuates

Populations of Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce on the hills of the right bank of the River Dnieper (in Forest Steepe vegetation of Ukraine)

As a result of studying the vegetation cover of artificial (possibly spontaneous) tree plantations on the hills of the right bank of the River Dnieper in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine we discovered the formation of natural populations of Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce. Information on the growth of this species was previously presented (more than 80 years ago) by F. Gryn (samples of which are in The National Herbarium of Ukraine, Kiev), who noted its distribution in these locations. The ecological and coenotic features of the distribution of this species as a part of available populations in the communities of classes Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae, Quercetea pubescentis, Crataego-Prunetea, Alno glutinosae-Populetea albae have been studied. The largest eight new populations of C. damasonium have been identified on the eastern border of Ukraine. Habitat conditions, number and structure of all new populations were determined. Micropopulations of the species occupy an area from several to 750 m2 with a total population of more than 1,200 specimens. The ontogenetic spectrum is right-sided, with a dominance of generative individuals, and their share is 4/5 of the total number of individuals. The peculiarity of this locality is the high number of individuals in most of these populations, which may be due to favourable ecological-coenotic conditions and the absence of intensive anthropogenic influences. The identified habitats of the study species need protection.

Florisztikai adatok a Tokaj–Zempléni-hegyvidékről és környékéről

Cikkünkben a Tokaj–Zempléni-hegyvidék területéről és környékéről (a Szerencsközből, a Hernád-mentéről, a Bodrogközből, a Taktaközből és a Harangodból) az elmúlt évtized legfontosabb és legérdekesebb florisztikai eredményeiről számolunk be. A Zempléni-hegységből két új védett fajt (As­plenium javorkaeanum, Epipactis nordeniorum), a Bodrogköz magyarországi részéről pedig hét új védett fajt mutattunk ki (Cephalanthera damasonium, Cirsium brachycephalum, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Lycopodium clavatum, Pyrola rotundifolia, Polystichum aculeatum). Számos ritka faj új lelőhe­lyére bukkantunk (Epipactis exilis, Dryopteris expansa, Blechnum spicant, Androsace maxima, Orchis cori­ophora, Orchis purpurea, Dactylorhiza sambucina, Sonchus palustris, Cicuta virosa). Továbbá sikerült megerősítenünk több olyan faj adatát, amelyek már évtizedek óta nem kerültek elő (Sedum hispanicum, Erysimum wittmannii subsp. pallidiflorum, Pseudolysimachion spurium, Botrychium lunaria).

Weißes Waldvögelein (Cephalanthera damasonium): Orchidee des Jahres 2017

Das Weiße Waldvögelein ist Orchidee des Jahres 2017. Sie kommt bevorzugt in Wäldern vor. Ihre Biologie und Morphologie werden beschrieben. Ihre vielen verschiedenen Namen werden erläutert.

A new locality of orchid Orchis purpurea Huds. in Cieszyn Foothills (Czech Republic)

Orchis purpurea Huds. is protected species both in the Czech Republic and Poland. In 2014 a new locality was found in Kojkovice (district Třinec) in the Cieszyn Foothils near border with Poland. The only one blooming individual was observed in 2014 and 2015 but it was accompanied by other 6 orchid species, that were much more abundant, as: Orchis pallens, Orchis mascula subsp. signifera, Listera ovata, Platanthera bifolia, Cephalanthera damasonium, Neottia nidus-avis. The Kojkovice forest deserves to be protected area due to abundant occurrence of many orchids.