YAKYM YAREMA: TYPOLOGY OF A TEACHER AT THE PEDAGOGY TYPOLOGY OF THE FIRST HALF OF 20TH CENTURY

The article analyses the content of methodological, psychological and pedagogical approaches of Yakym Yarema towards the analysis of pedagogical work, on the basis of the research of the content of the scientists' own ideas, written in "The psychology of a teacher's rank - typology" 1935. The content of the notion "knowledge" as a professional validity, general methodology of a research that corresponds to the integrated principles of the life philosophy and Lviv-Warsaw School of Philosophy, used by the researcher, is studied out by using the method of comparative analysis. The research of the basis of professional psychology, done by Yakym Yarema, "the object of which is a human" gave the possibility to compare the limits of pedagogical professionalism in about the century time period. The acmeological approaches towards the characterizing of the pedagogues types in the work of Ya. Yarema realizes owing to the combination of analysis of cultural and psychological types of a human (humanitarian psychology and ethics of a personality), typology of a teachers in the frames of educational potential of types (psychological analysis of a personality of a teacher-educator) and own scientific vision of historical and pedagogical stage. It is determined that the type of personality, according to Ya. Yarema, is the category of cultural and historical order, in relation with its phenomenon, changes occur not only key characteristics of types, but also the priorities of either types towards the relative type of pedagogics. The scientist mentioned the transference from sentimental sensual mood pedagogics, for which the most corresponding type was socio-aesthetic and dynamic-energetic (energetic-nomocratic), which requires power-economic type. The results of the research of the work of Ya. Yarema can be used in the modern conditions as the methodology of professional-pedagogical competences formation. The key conclusions are the following: pedagogical professionalism is a dynamic category that needs the study on different stages of cultural and historical development of a society; pedagogical science, according to the researches of Ya. Yarema, develops within the frames with philosophy and psychology; the notion of a child, type of pedagogue and type of pedagogics are closely interconnected, and thus, their study, as well as a change, should be proportional.

Counter-expectational scalar adverbs

Chapter 7 investigates the meaning and use of Japanese counter-expectational scalar adverbs—that is, the counter-expectational intensifier yoppodo and the Japanese scale-reversal adverb kaette. It shows that although yoppodo and kaette convey some kind of counter-expectational meaning as lower-level pragmatic scalar modifiers, the way they trigger counter-expectational meaning is quite different. In an adjectival environment, yoppodo semantically intensifies degrees based on extraordinary evidence and conventionally implies that the degree is above the speaker’s expectation. By contrast, kaette reverses the scale of the gradable predicate and conventionally implies that the opposite situation is generally true. It is also proposed that there are two types of counter-expectational expressions that use scalarity: a relative type, which represents “above expectation” (e.g. yoppodo), and a reversal type, which expresses counter-expectation via polarity reversal (e.g. kaette). Comparison with wh-exclamatives, sentence exclamation, and the counter-expectational but is also discussed.

Indices for the Exceptional Bruhat-Tits Buildings

This chapter considers the affine Tits indices for exceptional Bruhat-Tits buildings. It begins with a few small observations and some notations dealing with the relative type of the affine Tits indices, the canonical correspondence between the circles in a Tits index and the vertices of its relative Coxeter diagram, and Moufang sets. It then presents a proposition about an involutory set, a quaternion division algebra, a root group sequence, and standard involution. It also describes Θ‎-orbits in S which are disjoint from A and which correspond to the vertices of the Coxeter diagram of Ξ‎ and hence to the types of the panels of Ξ‎. Finally, it shows how it is possible in many cases to determine properties of the Moufang set and the Tits index for all exceptional Bruhat-Tits buildings of type other than Latin Capital Letter G with Tilde₂.

Tits Indices

This chapter introduces the notion of a Tits index and the notion of the relative Coxeter diagram of a Tits index. It first defines a Tits index, which can be anisotropic or isotropic, quasi-split or split, before considering a number of propositions regarding compatible representations. It then gives a proof of the theorem that includes two assumptions about a Coxeter system, focusing on the absolute Coxeter system, the relative Coxeter system, and the relative Coxeter group of the Tits index, as well as the absolute Coxeter diagram (or absolute type), the relative Coxeter diagram (or relative type), and the absolute rank and the relative rank of the Tits index. The chapter concludes with some observations about the case that (W, S) is spherical, irreducible or affine.

On the growth measures of entire and meromorphic functions focusing their generalized relative type and generalized relative weak type

In this paper we study some comparative growth properties of composite entire and meromorphic functions on the basis of their generalized relative order, generalized relative type and generalized relative weak type with respect to another entire function.

ON THE MEASUREMENT OF GROWTH PROPERTIES OF ENTIRE AND MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS FOCUSING THEIR RELATIVE TYPE AND RELATIVE WEAK TYPE

The concepts of relative growth indicators such as relative order, relative type, relative weak type, etc. have widely been used to avoid comparing growths of entire and meromorphic functions just with exp functions. Using the notions of several relative growth indicators as mentioned earlier, in this paper we would like to find out the limits in terms of classical growth indicators (i.e. order, type, weak type etc.) in which the relative type, relative weak type, etc. of meromorphic functions with respect to entire functions should lie.

Tracking shifts in the literal versus the intensifying fake reflexive resultative construction

This paper explores diachronic shifts in the literal and intensifying uses of dood ‘dead’ in the Dutch fake reflexive resultative construction. Without sufficient context, a clause like Hij werkte zich dood (lit. ‘He worked himself dead’) is ambiguous in that it is unclear whether dood expresses an actual result of the activity denoted by the verb or whether it intensifies that verbal activity. We will investigate shifts in the (relative) type and token frequencies of both subtypes over the last two centuries and show that the intensifying use has become predominant. Particular attention is paid to the notion of productivity, which may help us to elucidate the possible pathways along which dood – in its function as an intensifier – is moving. By taking into account the variety of verbs that dood has occurred with since the early 19th Century, we aim to assess whether the dramatic increase in relative frequency of intensifying dood is paralleled by a concomitant extension of its collocational range or, conversely, whether this increase in frequency is mainly due to the rise of some highly frequent collocations.

Generalized Relative Type and Generalized Weak Type of Entire Functions

We study some relative growth properties of entire functions with respect to another entire function on the basis of generalized relative type and generalized relative weak type.

Usage-based approaches to language development: Where do we go from here?

abstractIn the usage-based approach to children’s language learning, language is seen as emerging from children’s preverbal communicative and cognitive skills. Children construct more abstract linguistic representations only gradually, and show uneven development in all aspects of their language learning. I will present results that show the relationship between children’s emerging linguistic structures and patterns in the speech addressed to them, and demonstrate the effects played by the consistency of markers, the complexity of the construction in question, and relative type and token frequencies within and across constructions. I highlight the contribution made by research that employs naturalistic, experimental, and modelling methodologies, and that is applied to a range of languages and to variability in the errors that children make. Finally, I will outline the outstanding issues for this approach, and how we might address them.