Pleomorphic Giant Cell Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder with Brain Metastases Despite Initial Response to Cisplatin and Gemcitabine: A Case Report

A 59-year-old male presented with haematuria and was diagnosed with pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, a very rare variant of urothelial carcinoma. The tumour was staged at pT2N3M1 and the primary tumour was removed by transurethral resection, and nodal metastases were treated with the standard systemic cisplatin and gemcitabine for urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. This treatment rendered the tumour clinically undetectable. Despite this treatment the patient developed brain metastases which were not found until the patient presented with neurological symptoms. This is the first recorded case of brain metastases from pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder recorded in the literature. CT imaging of the brain should be considered in the follow-up in patients with this tumour.