Kontribusi Community Supported Agriculture untuk Gerakan Agraria di Indonesia: Pelajaran dari Jerman

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is a model of cooperation between food producers and consumers in carrying out agriculture that has emerged in Global North’s countries. The establishment of CSA is related to the desire of a few people striving for a more equitable food system than the global and industrial food system which marginalizes the welfare of farmers. Building on the ethnographic study of the CSA Garten Coop in Freiburg, Germany, and comparing it with studies of CSA in other countries, this paper tries to explore the possibilities of how CSA can offer farmers an alternative agricultural model for the sustainability of their farm and its contribution to agrarian movement, especially in Indonesia. The results show that CSA provides this alternative through rearranging the food system with a more democratic, autonomous, and equal management of production resources, income certainty for farmers through consumer commitment and by the solidarity economy, and independence through the principles of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, CSA indirectly contributes to the agrarian movement by providing the possibility for farmers to maintain their farming business, along with their land tenure or ownership, as well as a forum for organizing farmers and consumers to raise awareness of the food system. Keywords: Agrarian Movement, Community Supported Agriculture, Solidarity Economy, Producer-Consumer Partnership. Intisari: Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) merupakan model kerjasama produsen dan konsumen pangan dalam menyelenggarakan pertanian yang banyak muncul di negara-negara Global Utara. Pendiriannya tak lepas dari keinginan segelintir orang mengupayakan sebuah sistem pangan yang lebih adil dari sistem pangan global dan industrial yang meminggirkan kesejahteraan petani. Dengan menggunakan studi etnografi pada komunitas CSA Garten Coop di Freiburg, Jerman dan membandingkan dengan studi-studi atas CSA di sejumlah negara lainnya, artikel ini disusun untuk menelusuri kemungkinan tentang bagaimana CSA dapat menawarkan model pertanian alternatif bagi petani untuk keberlanjutan usaha taninya dan kontribusinya terhadap gerakan agraria, terutama di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSA memberikan alternatif ini lewat pengaturan ulang sistem pangan dengan manajemen sumber daya produksi yang lebih demokratis, otonom, dan setara, kepastian pendapatan bagi petani lewat komitmen konsumen dan ekonomi solidaritas, serta independensi melalui prinsip pertanian berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, CSA secara tidak langsung berkontribusi dalam gerakan agraria dengan memberikan kemungkinan bagi petani untuk mempertahankan usaha taninya, berikut penguasaan atau kepemilikan lahannya, sekaligus wadah pengorganisasian petani dan konsumen untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran akan sistem pangan. Kata Kunci: Community Supported Agriculture, Ekonomi Solidaritas, Gerakan Agraria, Kerjasama Produsen-Konsumen.

The Effect of Special Treatment Benefits and Confidence Benefits on Consumer Commitment and Consumer Loyalty: A Study on Shopee Users in the Covid 19 Pandemic

This study aims to determine the effect of Special Treatment Benefits and Confidence benefits on Consumer Commitment and Consumer Loyalty to Shoppe users in the Pandemic Era. Tests in this study using 210 respondents. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling. This study uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) data analysis technique which was developed to test the research hypothesis which was processed using the AMOS version 24 program. The data variables used in this study are Special Treatment Benefits, Confidence Benefits, Consumer Commitment, Consumer Loyalty, these variables form five hypotheses. And the results of the analysis in this study indicate that Special Treatment Benefits have a positive effect on Consumer Commitment, Special Treatment Benefits have a positive effect on Consumer Loyalty, Confidence Benefits have a positive effect on Consumer Commitment, Confidence Benefits have a positive effect on Consumer Loyalty, and Consumer Commitment has a positive effect on Consumer Loyalty.

Methodology for Forecasting Revenues from the Sale of Innovative Products in the Domestic Tourism Market

This article presents a methodology for forecasting the expected sales of innovative tourism products in the domestic market. The principles of the product life cycle concept and consumer behavior theory are taken as starting points for calculating the sales volumes of an innovative product as well as the rate of its penetration into the market. A method of measuring the level of consumer commitment to a travel agency and its offerings is posited, and the relationship between the structure of the target market and market activity in purchasing tourist products is demonstrated. Deep market segmentation is applied to take into account the behavioral peculiarities of individual subsegments (Loyalists Market, Sympathizers Market, Qualified Market, Finders Market, Serviced Market, Possible Market, Potential Consumers Market, Perspective Market). Formulas are proposed for calculating the volume of each of the identified markets. An improved and adapted model for the tourist market (by E. Rogers and F. Bass) is used to calculate the diffusion rates of domestic tourist products. This methodology of forecasting the expected sales of innovative tourism products in the domestic market is empirically confirmed based on data on the domestic tourism market in the region of Vinnytsiya, Ukraine.

Does Covid 19 Pandemic Have a Direct Impact on the Level of Trust and Commitment toward Hospitals as Health Service Providers in Yogyakarta?

The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic on consumer trust and consumer commitment towards public health care in Yogyakarta during the pandemic. The research method in this study was the survey method with path analysis tools. Based on the research result it can be concluded that the direct impact of the Covid pandemic (X) on trust (Y1) is 0.205 (unstandardized) and 0.187 (standardized), the direct impact of trust (Y1) on the Y2 commitment is 0.602 (unstandardized) and 0.63 (standardized). Based on the t-test on the Sobel formula, the t value (3.251) > t table (1.663), means that there is an indirect impact between variable X (pandemic) on Y2 (commitment) through Y1 (trust). The impact of the Covid pandemic indirectly affects consumer commitment through the variable of trust with a combined direct and indirect impact of 1,099.

The halal label Morocco and the commitment of the Moroccan consumer on the national market

The objective of this paper is to study the influence of the cognitive perception of the Moroccan halal label LHM on the commitment of the Moroccan consumer towards the products labeled by the LHM. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted with a sample of 84 Moroccan consumers. A structural equation analysis using the Partial Least Squares approach by SmartPLS was performed. The results achieved indicate, on the one hand, that knowledge and trust have no influence on consumer commitment to the products labeled by the LHM. On the other hand, the consumer's sustained involvement has a positive influence on his commitment to the products labeled by the LHM.

Pengaruh Promosi Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Pada PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan

This study aims to determine the effect of Promotion on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan, determine the effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan, determine the effect of Promotion and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan. The population in this study are customers of PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan in 2019 which is 480 customers. By using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%, a total sample of 83 respondents was obtained. The results of the research analysis showed that Promotion and Service Quality partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan. The results of this study are supported by the value of R square (R2) which means that Promotion and Service Quality have an effect on Customer Satisfaction at PT. Alfa Scorpii Medan. While the remaining is effected by other factors originating from outside this research model such as brand trust, brand image, brand association, price, advertising, personal selling, distribution channels and consumer commitment.

Peranan Customer Satisfaction dan Customer Commitment terhadap e-WOM dalam Pengguna Aplikasi Gopay di Yogyakarta

Customer satisfaction that takes place consistently will make consumers have a commitment to a brand and can further encourage promotion through word of mouth activitie. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of customer satisfaction on customer commitment, and the impact on consumer commitment to do e-wom activities. This research uses Gopay service as the research object and gender as the moderating variable. With the survey method on 377 respondents and the structural model testing hypotheses process, the results show that consumer satisfaction has a positive effect on consumer commitment, and consumer commitment has a positive effect on e-WOM activities; while gender is proven to moderate the relationship between these variables.