Pembuatan Westafel Otomatis dengan Memanfaatkan Kondensasi AC sebagai Sumber Air

The problem of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has not stopped. It was necessary to implement the Covid-19 protocol to avoid spreading, one of which is to wash hand regularly using and circulating water. Based on these reasons, it was still necessary to develop automatic hand washing equipment which is currently a primary need in public places, offices, and educational facilities. This study aims to modify the automatic sink using the Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller as a data processor and Ultrasonic HC-SR04 as a sensor; testing the function of the tool, namely automatic soap and water faucet, hand dryer, piezoelectric buzzer as an air level alarm, by utilizing the results of AC condensation as an water source. The results of this automatic sink modification can meet Covid-19 standards and can be used by all groups, especially schools and offices that have started to be active, so that with this tool it can reduce the spread of Covid-19. In addition, it is that the source of water from the condensation can be used as an alternative to water to save the current increasing use of PDAM water.

INOVASI PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT BAGI KOMUNITAS DI BONDOWOSO

Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors as known as PHBS are all health behaviors that are carried out with awareness, so that family members or families can help themselves in the health sector and play an active role in health activities in the community. One of the activities that can be carried out to achieve PHBS is washing hands using soap (hand rub / hand wash) or cleaning fluid (hand sanitizer). About 98% of the spread of microorganisms in the body comes from our own hands. Maintaining hand hygiene is an effort to avoid various diseases. The benefits of washing hands are very large, washing hands using soap / hand rub or using a hand sanitizer only takes 20 seconds but is very useful for killing microorganisms, namely bacteria, fungi, and viruses. One way to combat the new corona virus or COVID-19, which has become a pandemic at this time, is to always maintain hand hygiene. With the pandemic, the price of hand sanitizers has skyrocketed because the need has increased sharply. When used too often, alcohol as the main ingredient of hand sanitizers, besides being able to irritate the skin, it can also lift natural oils on the hands and tend to be drier, so herbal ingredients are needed as natural ingredients to reduce the side effects of these hand sanitizers. This community service activity was carried out in collaboration with communities in the Bondowoso district, namely the KAPAS Community in Sumbergading Village, Sumberwringin District and the TSS Community in Sukosari Lor Village, Sukosari District. In the Bondowoso area, there are many youth communities with various activities aimed at advancing people's lives and improving the socio-economy in the region. Various plants can be found in the area, including aloe vera and betel leaf.Keywords : Health, hand wash, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, betel leafAbstrakPerilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) merupakan semua perilaku kesehatan yang dilakukan atas kesadaran, sehingga anggota keluarga atau keluarga dapat menolong dirinya sendiri di bidang kesehatan dan berperan aktif dalam kegiatan kesehatan di masyarakat. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan guna tercapainya PHBS adalah mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun (hand rub/hand wash) atau cairan pembersih (hand sanitaizer). Sekitar 98% penyebaran mikroorganisme di tubuh bersumber dari tangan kita sendiri. Menjaga kebersihan tangan salah satu upaya terhindar dari berbagai penyakit. Manfaat mencuci tangan sangat besar, mencuci tangan memakai sabun/hand rub atau menggunakan hand sanitizer hanya membutuhkan waktu 20 detik namun sangat berguna untuk membunuh mikroorganisme, yaitu bakteri, jamur dan virus. Salah satu cara untuk memerangi virus korona baru atau COVID-19 yang telah menjadi pandemi saat ini adalah dengan selalu menjaga kebersihan tangan. Masa pandemi ini mengakibatkan harga hand sanitizer melambung tinggi karena kebutuhan meningkat tajam. Alkohol sebagai bahan utama dari hand sanitizer bila terlalu sering digunakan, selain dapat membuat kulit iritasi juga dapat mengangkat minyak alami pada tangan dan cenderung jadi lebih kering, sehingga diperlukan bahan herbal sebagai bahan alami untuk mengurangi efek samping dari hand sanitizer tersebut. Pada kegiatan pengmas ini dilakukan kerjasama dengan komunitas di wilayah kabupaten Bondowoso yaitu Komunitas KAPAS di Desa Sumbergading Kecamatan Sumberwringin dan komunitas TSS Desa Sukosari Lor Kecamatan Sukosari. Di wilayah Bondowoso banyak didapatkan komunitas anak muda dengan beragam kegiatan yang bertujuan memajukan kehidupan masyarakat dan meningkatkan sosial ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Beragam tanaman dapat dijumpai di wilayah tersebut, diantaranya aloe vera dan sirih.Kata kunci: Kesehatan, cuci tangan, hand sanitizer, aloe vera, daun sirih

Eating habits, hygiene practices, physical exercises and some associated factors among school students aged 13-17 at Hai Phong in 2017

A cross-sectional descriptive study with a target to describe eating habits, hygiene practices, physical exercise and some associated factors among school students aged 13-17 at Hai Phong in 2017. A sample of 1548 students participated in the survey using self-reported questionnaires. Results show that most students eating fruits and vegetables < 5 times/day (75.2%), and 23.4% of students drank carbonated soft drinks ≥ 1 time/day. 43.2% of students did not usually wash hand before eating and after using the toilet and 34.9% did not usually wash hand with soap. Most students did physical activity less than 5 days/week (77.9%); 43.3% of students did not walk or cycle to school, and 36.4% did not play sport (during 7 days). Risk factors that increase improper health behavior include students in the age group 16-17, educational attainment of a parent who has not graduated from high school, being overweight / obese and not being educated health. The intervention of school families and society is needed to improve students' health behaviors.

RESEARCH ON THE DETERMINATION OF RECREATIONAL EXPERIENCE PREFERENCES, EXPECTATIONS, AND SATISFACTION LEVELS OF LOCAL PEOPLE

This study aims to determine Recreational Experience Preferences (REP) of the local people in Alanya, their leisure constraints, their expectations for recreational activities from the local authority, and the level of their satisfaction with recreational areas. Within the scope of the study, the data was collected via a questionnaire from 384 participants who visit recreational areas in Alanya through a convenience sampling method. The most preferred recreational activities of the local people are going on a picnic, visiting friends, and internet surfing. However, the three most important variables limiting the participation of the local people in recreational activities have been identified as lack of leisure time, not enough money, and pollution of toilets, fountains, and wash-hand basins in the region. The three most important expectations of the local people from the local authority in terms of recreational activities are the construction of new recreational areas, ensuring that everyone benefits from the facilities, and cleaning toilets, fountains, and wash-hand basins in the region. In addition, it has been determined that three of the most important motivations that lead the local people to recreational activities are having a good time, mental relaxation, and family togetherness experiences. According to the findings of this study, the level of satisfaction of the local people with the recreational areas is quite low. Besides, The ANOVA results indicated that people demographic characteristics had a significant influence on recreation experience preference.

Knowledge and Practice of Personal Hygiene among Rural Women in Northern Bangladesh

Background: Sanitation and hygiene have huge impact on human health particularly on death and morbidity of children which are influenced by mother knowledge and practice on the issues. Aim: The study aimed to assess the present situation of knowledge and practices of basic health hygiene and sanitation of the rural farm families in Northern Bangladesh with a view to find the ground for development initiative towards a better health and sanitation systems. The study also aimed to identify the regional variations in health and sanitation systems in Northern Bangladesh with a view to offer policy support and development. Methodology: The study was conducted in six sub-districts of three poverty-prone districts – Gaibandha, Rangpur and Kurigram. The multi-stage cluster sampling process yielded a sample size of 386 household (HH) covering 24 different villages. Data was collected by trained assistants following a face-to-face interview using structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics were used to organize the table with results. Chi-square test was used to assess the regional variations in knowledge and practice of hygiene and sanitation. Results: About 70% families use unsafe latrines where a significant portion of them are open pit types (33%) having no latrines floor (32%) and wall (75%). More than half of the child-bearing mothers have poor knowledge therefore they directly through the feces outside and did not wash hand properly after cleaning the defecated children and toilets/potty. Many of them do not know that they should wash hand before breast feeding (50%), prior to food preparation (77%), after cleaning of animals (79%) and after any activity (97%). Women of Gaibanda district was the better user of flash toilet and good habit of washing hand after toilet use. Better disposal of domestic waste was observed among the women of Kurigram District. In all respect women of Rangpur was mediocre in hygiene practice. Except disposal of children feces and hand washing before eating significant regional variations were found in type of toilet used, disposal of domestic waste, hand washing before food preparation, hand washing before feeding their child, after toilet use, after cleaning toilet of child and after cleaning the animal. Conclusion: More awareness program and subsidy policy should be taken for improving sanitation and hygiene with keeping in mind the regional variations in hygiene practice.

The Evaluation of Sunnah and Non-Sunnah Eating Manners among Young Muslim Generation and Their Effects on Comfort Practices and Satiety Level: Case Study in Kuantan, Pahang

This study evaluated sunnah and non-sunnah eating manners among young Muslim generation in Kuantan, Pahang involving secondary school children (age between 13-17) and university students (age between 18-25 years old). The sunnah and non-sunnah eating manners were cross-sectional studied and their effect on comfort practices and satiety levels were examined. About 200 respondents were voluntarily participated in this study where the data were collected using specific and pre-tested questionnaire. The level of comfort practices and satiety were measured using 1-5 Likert scale and all data were statistically analysed using computer software program; Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. The results show that among sunnah eating practices which got high percentage score are recite doa before eating (84.0%), take closest food first (67.0%) and wash hand after eating (61.5%). While among non-sunnah eating practices which frequently practiced by respondents are eat while watching TV or reading (37.5%), blowing onto hot food (35.0%) and bring up plate close to mouth when eating (31.0%). Most practices of sunnah eating manners are influenced at least by one demographic factors either education level, age, gender and parenting factors. Many of non-sunnah eating manners are practiced by respondents on their own and not influenced by demographic factors. The results also show that sunnah eating manners are more comfortable to be practiced than non-sunnah eating manners and sunnah eating manners can give full satisfaction where the eater can achieve full satiety level where non-sunnah eating manners just give fullness feeling. This study shows a lot of wisdoms behind practices of sunnah eating manners.

New normal and health protocol implementation in the farmers

Farmer becomes a professional group vulnerable to Covid-19 infection. Despite not doing activities with many people, but the risk of Covid-19 infection is still high in this group. The importance of farming sector sustainability requires farmers to keep healthy to maintain farming productivity. New normal era gives the public an opportunity of working outside home as usual by implementing health protocol. Phenomenon of health protocol implementation by farmers and those related during Covid-19 pandemic in Sukoharjo, Indonesia is the object studied in this research using Beck’s risk society theory. In this explorative study, in-depth interview, focus group discussion, and observation were conducted on clean and healthy living behavior in implementing health protocol in working during Covid-19 pandemic, and documentation was also conducted. The result indicates an appeal related to health protocol for farming sector and the movement to prevent Covid-19 transmission in the farmers in Sukoharjo. Attempt of implementing health protocol was taken by activating the agricultural extension officer’s role in socializing Covid-19, new normal, and health protocol to farmer groups in Sukoharjo. During working, the farmers interact rarely with other farmers, wear mask, keep social distance, and wash hand.

Wash hand education and hand sanitizer preparation workshop to the community in order to prevent COVID-19 transmission

Communicable disease, COVID-19 easily spreads through the respiratory droplets. Therefore, WHO recommends the physical distancing policy to prevent the transmission. However, the transmission of SARS-CoV2 virus causing COVID-19 occurred not only by human interaction, but also the things that had been touched by the people suffered COVID-19 have potential as the media for the virus transmission. Then, it is necessary to anticipate the worries in the form of correct wash hand application or using hand sanitizer. The activities that had been done were giving an education about the communicable disease, COVID-19, how it is spread and how to prevent it; performing correct hand wash and preparation of alcohol based hand sanitizer in the form of gel to the society of Belawan I neighborhoods, Medan Belawan District, Medan City. The survey analysis results showed that the community service that had been conducted in Belawan I neighborhoods gave benefits and elevated approximately 49.5% the knowledge of the community regarding the COVID-19 and hand sanitizer preparation.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS TOWARDS NOVEL CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) IN JUGAL HOSPITAL, HARARI REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Introduction: Coronavirus (CoVs) belong to the subfamily Corona virinae in the family of Corona viridae of the order Nido virales, and this sub family includes four genera: Alpha corona virus, Beta corona virus, Gamma corona virus and Delta corona virus. The genome of CoVs is a single‐stranded positive‐sense RNA (+ssRNA) (~30 kb) with 5′‐cap structure and 3′‐poly‐A tail.Method: Cross sectional quantitative study was conducted from February to March 2020 at Jugal Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia, which is found 525 km to East of Addis Ababa. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a descriptive statistic using SPSS version 20.Result: Majority of the staffs had a good knowledge about COVID-19, almost all 201(97.10%) answered they are not ready to give care for a patient who is positive for COVID-19 and only 7(3.38%) of the participants answered that there is enough soap and water to wash hand, hand sanitizers and personal protective equipment materials.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that majority of the respondents have adequate knowledge, attitude and practice about COVID-19. Nevertheless, greater than 95% of respondents said that they are not ready to give care for a patient who is positive for COVID-19, there is no enough soap and water to wash hand, hand sanitizers and Personal Protective Equipment materials like mask, glove and they are afraid that one of their family members can get infection.