Estimasi Model Hidrolika Menggunakan HEC-RAS 1-D dan Tren Prediksi Strategi Mitigasi Banjir

Engineering modeling is becoming a trend and important because it can simulate a variety of decision scenarios to be applied in the field. With limited facilities and technology, 1-D modeling in hydraulics for flood mitigation is still a trend today. What are the weaknesses of this model and how is the prediction of future modeling trends? This study analyzes the flood modeling of the Tuntang River with the 1-D model using HEC-RAS to analyze the condition of the existing water level profile and flood mitigation scenarios with normalization. The results of the analysis show that the 1-D model can describe conditions in the field and scenarios clearly. However, the 1-D model has limitations because it cannot carry out simulations that consider aspects of construction costs, time, and budget allocation of stakeholders to determine the priority scale of disaster-affected areas. It requires a vulnerability analysis with field observations, 2-D or 3-D modeling, and the application of value engineering to optimize flood control strategies. With the advancement of technology, this trend is predicted to be something that will be done in the future.

Estimating Flood Inundation Depth Along the Arterial Road Based on the Rainfall Intensity

This study identifies the rainfall intensity that causes the flood along the arterial road connecting Malang to Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, estimates flood occurrences based on the recorded rainfall data, and proposes the normalization of the side ditch to reduce flood occurrences. The Nakayasu synthetic unit hydrograph was used to analyze the runoff discharge, and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software was used to analyze the water level profile of the side ditch. The regression method was used to determine the relationship between the rainfall intensity and inundation depth along the arterial road. Analysis results show that floods occur if the rainfall intensity is ≥1.01 year return period. To estimate the flood inundation depth, simple linear regression was conducted herein. Furthermore, it was observed that flood occurrences can be avoided by normalizing the side ditch cross section with a fully rectangular shape having a channel bottom elevation equal to the existing elevation.

STVALL: Hybrid TV for Interactive Language and Content Learning

Hybrid television refers to the merging of the Internet and traditional television via a multi-user platform. In this scope, we have developed the STVALL project for the past two-three years on a regional scale (Extremadura TV in Spain). This technology aims to provide an educational platform for interactive and adaptive (individual or group) learning of content and language via the smart television. Our research group has focused on the development of specific activities and challenges (so-called customized training pills) to feed content and information into the authoring tool, which stores and distributes it from its knowledge base. As education experts (language and content teachers / educators), we have labelled this content according to five subject areas (Science and Nature, Literature and Art, Geography and History, Entertainment and Sports, and Language) and four language user levels: Adult (over 12 years of age) / Children (0-12): A1/A2/B1/B2. In addition, the content has been assigned other types of tags for user-related feedback in the authoring tool (e.g., monologic vs. dialogic, narrative vs. instructions, etc). Thus, upon interaction with the program, users build a content and language level profile that the system will store and remember for the next interaction (single- or group-based). Because the users’ profiles may differ significantly, this system has been tested with groups of adults and children so that their specific aims and inclinations as regards content and language learning can be registered and compared. By relying on users’ performance and personal surveys, our team will be able to specify more customized types of activities, some of which require experts’ responses and mediation.

The statistical probability of deep flow structures that fit Jupiter's asymmetric gravity

<div id="magicparlabel-56675" class="abstract"> <div class="abstract_item">Juno's measurements of Jupiter's North-South asymmetric gravity field allowed estimating the depth of the zonal jets trough the relation between the measured density anomaly and the flow field. While the deep zonal jets structure has many degrees of freedom, the gravity measurements are manifested only by four gravity harmonics, which implies that the problem is ill-posed. Hence, any suggested solution for Jupiter's deep jets that fit the gravity measurements is non-unique. Here, we perform a thorough statistical analysis of the deep flow structures' range that is bounded by physical considerations. We begin by examining the vertical range of the deep flow, where the meridional structure of the zonal wind is identical to the measured cloud-level profile. Then, we relax the constraint on the meridional profile and allow reasonable variations from the cloud-level profile along with the varying vertical decay. Finally, we examine random meridional profiles that are independent of Jupiter's measured cloud-level profile and explore the possibility that the interior wind structure, which influences the gravity measurements, is entirely different from the cloud-level flow. A sample population of vertical decay structures is used to compare the statistical likelihood of the various cases. We find that only a relatively narrow envelope of vertical solutions can fit the gravity data. Deep flow profiles constructed from perturbations to the cloud-level winds allow a more extensive range of solutions, yet when the patterns differ substantially from the cloud-level observed wind profile, the ability to match the gravity data reduces significantly. Moreover, only 1% of the tested random zonal wind profiles yield any solution that fits the gravity data. Overall, we find that while interior wind profiles that diverge considerably from those at the cloud-level are possible, they are statistically unlikely. In addition to the gravity measurements, Juno's microwave radiometer (MWR) measurements might reveal information about the wind's structure below the cloud level. Inspired by the MWR's nadir brightness temperature estimations, which are dominated by ammonia abundance, we show that depth-dependent flow profiles are still compatible with the gravity measurements if the variation at depth from the measured cloud-level meridional profile is not too substantial.</div> </div>

Protein interaction probability landscapes for yeast replicative aging

We proposed a novel probability landscape approach to map the systems-level profile changes of gene networks during replicative aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This approach enabled us to apply quasi-potentials, the negative logarithm of the probabilities, to calibrate the elevation of the landscapes with young cells as a reference state. Our approach detected opposite landscape changes based on protein abundances from transcript levels, especially for intra-essential gene interactions. We showed that essential proteins play different roles from hub proteins on the age-dependent landscapes. We verified that hub proteins tend to avoid other hub proteins, but essential proteins are attractive to other essential proteins. Overall, we showed that the probability landscape is promising for inferring network profile change during aging and that the essential hub proteins may play an important role in the uncoupling between protein and transcript levels during replicative aging.

Perkembangan Tanah Dari Bahan Vulkan Pada Toposekuen Wilayah Bangli Selatan, Kabupaten Bangli

Research on the development of soil from vulkan material in the toposcopic southern Bangli Region as for the purpose of the study is as follows: (1) the process of formation and development of soil formed from toposcopic volcanic material in the southern, Bangli Region (2) obtain data on soil characteristics in the southern Bangli Region (3) knowing the potential of land for agricultural management in the southern, Bangli Region.This research was carried out with methods of soil survey, laboratory analysis, and supported with secondary data. Three profiles that represent Local Topography is selected based on the height of the different places, profile (N-1) with an altitude of 850 metres above sea level, profile (N-2) with an altitude of 540 metres above sea level, and the profile (N-1) h with an altitude of 200 metres above sea level. A third profile is have the same slope direction that is the direction the southern slope.Parent material formed in the area of research is derived from volcanic material, namely tuff deposits of lava and Vulcan of Buyan and Beratan, Batur, Ancient. Research areas included in the climate type A (very wet). The process of genesis of soils that occur in research is to the top slopes are experiencing a process of erosion, the middle slopes of the transport process and foot slopes of the deposition process.Third that profile has undergone a process of horisonisasi. The level of development of land is at the stage of virile. The characteristics of the soil a bit sour, cation exchange capacity of low to medium, base saturation is low to moderate, organic material is very low to low, the texture of the sand very clay to clay. Types of minerals found in the third profile dominated by halloysite minerals.Based on the results of research affect soil properties that are formed. On the top slopes are formed very deep in the depths of the solum 177 centi metres, middle slopes formed solum in depth 153 centi metres and foot slopes formed a shallow at a depth of solum 137 centi metres. Bangli area Southern potentially in support of plant growth and increase agricultural production.