The Uneven Development of Sport Policy in India

Although there have been efforts to have a uniform set of guidelines to govern sport across the country, no national sports policy has had long-lasting or consistent effect in sports governance. This disconnect between National and State sports policies has meant that differing standards have been imposed on sports organisations across the country. Any attempt at creating an effective sports policy in India, Kruthika N.S. and Sarthak Sood argue, must first scrutinise the development and implementation of various state and national sports policies that have been codified in the past. This chapter aims to suggest recommendations on the themes to be tackled in an effective sports policy. India must urgently facilitate an ecosystem conducive for sports development, from the grassroots level to elite sport. Such a plan, especially with our nation of great inequalities, will require collective action by both the Centre and the States and should envisage a governance system that can sustain and embrace Indian sport.

Identification of Research Paradigms for Managing the Cricketing Ecosystem Using Stakeholder Analysis and Text Mining

It took almost 400 years for test cricket to start off, and thereafter it just took 94, 34 and 13 years for the introduction of ODI, T20I and T10 formats, respectively. Length of the formats is shrinking over time at an alarming rate. If the trend continues, the format of five overs or less may not be far away and cricket pundits are fearing that the longest format, that is, test cricket, may lose its relevance. Unfortunately, the management part of the cricketing ecosystem has not drawn much attention from the academic world. Since market dynamics is playing a vital role in decision-making post commercialization of the cricket, this study applies stakeholder analysis and identifies three key stakeholders, namely administrators, players and spectators, and their aspirations. It suggests a shift from the ICC-led hierarchical model to the horizontal and more democratic model for sports governance during the post-commercialization stage. The results of the study indicate that even though ICC had taken a number of measures for advancement of the sport during 2015–2018, many of them are criticized like the world test championship or day-night test matches. The study scrapes through opinions of cricket-related professionals from open sources, applies sentiment analytics to classify them, uses text summarization to extract summary viewpoints and rates them on unanimity scale. A comparison is made between the actions taken by ICC and the pool of unanimous viewpoints using evidence-based assessment (EBA). Finally, it develops a framework of six research paradigms, taking into account the stakeholders’ aspirations and the EBA outcome. If these paradigms are acted upon, it can ensure convergence of stakeholders’ goals and balance in the cricket mix. Additionally, if ICC can make unanimous viewpoints from its stakeholders a part of its future plan, acceptability of its decisions will be more.

Finansowanie organizacji sportowych przez państwo (wniosek ECPRD 4725)

The paper presents the Polish legislation concerning sports organisations. The author begins with an overview of the legal framework, including the main legal acts and their stipulations, sports governance (particularly sports clubs and sports associations) and key stakeholders engaged in sports. Next, he discusses selected issues concerning distribution of the state funds in sports.

Formation of Sports Public Policy within the Context of Hierarchy Governance

This article aims to analyse the process of formation of sports public policy in Lithuania within the theoretical context of hierarchy governance. This study consisted of collection and analysis of official documents regarding sports public policy formation from 2011 until 2018. The data collection was aimed at uncovering of key components of the process of public policy formation – environmental analysis, strategic planning, competence and decision making power, and stakeholders. The main findings of the research concluded that Lithuanian sports governance, along with the majority of other European countries, is defined as bureaucratic configuration. The main responsibility within the process of sports public policy formation falls on the Ministry of Education, Science and Sports and active national non-government sports organisations, while principal objectives of the Lithuanian sports public policy formation are laid out in strategic documents. However, the implementation needs to be centred on institutional and personal responsibility, proper environmental regard and tolerance, and the ability to listen and to reach an agreement.