An Influence Analytical Model of Dedicated Bus Lane on Network Traffic by Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

To study the influence mechanism of dedicated bus lanes on the urban road network, this paper proposes a novel analytical model of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) and passenger macroscopic fundamental diagram (p-MFD) and the corresponding indicators based on MFD and p-MFD to evaluate the operation of the network. Taking the grid network as an example, this paper collects traffic flow to calibrate the developed MFD and p-MFD and evaluates the network performance under different proportions of dedicated bus lanes. The simulation results show that the larger the proportion of dedicated bus lanes, the greater the impact on the rising section and the stable section of MFD and the descending section and post-stable section of p-MFD. Further analysis for the sensitivity of simulation experiments found that the strategy of setting dedicated bus lanes will improve the efficiency of vehicle and passenger transport when the road network is in a smooth state and ensure the continuous output of passengers when the network is in a congested state.

Financial support of critical infrastructure

An analysis of the experience of financial support for the formation and development of critical infrastructure in foreign countries has been carried out. It is noted that the critical infrastructure provides the necessary services in various fields to maintain their smooth state. It is determined that its financing is carried out by attracting resources from various sources, which include public, private and mixed (public-private) projects, as well as funds of financial intermediaries. Mechanisms for financing critical infrastructure used in foreign countries are revealed. Considerable attention is paid to the issues of regulation operations of financial support for the functional capacity of critical infrastructure. Issues of financial risks of critical services and the factors that affect them are covered. It is noted that to limit them, portfolio approaches have been introduced to place the mobilized resource in infrastructure projects, as well as measures of state and non-state support are applied (guarantees, insurance programs, granting preferences, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the application of financial support for critical infrastructure upgrades and provision of critical services. It is noted that such changes require a significant increase in costs for increasing investment activities in infrastructure, support for private investment, improving the attraction of funds of specialized financial companies to invest in infrastructure projects. The mechanisms implemented in order to solve such problems are identified. Recommendations are given to take into account the experience of foreign countries in the application of measures to finance critical infrastructure in Ukraine. Keywords: critical infrastructure, critical services, infrastructure financing, infrastructure financing risks, public-private partnership, debt instruments, guarantees and benefits for infrastructure financing.

Finite-Time Synchronization of Complex Dynamical Networks with Time-Varying Delays and Nonidentical Nodes

In this paper, we investigated the finite-time synchronization (FTS) problem for a class of time-delayed complex networks with nonidentical nodes onto any uniformly smooth state. By employing the finite-time stability theorem and designing two types of novel controllers, we obtained some simple sufficient conditions for the FTS of addressed complex networks. Furthermore, we also analyzed the effects of control variables on synchronization performance. Finally, we showed the effectiveness and feasibility of our methods by giving two numerical examples.

Observability and Controllability Analysis for Sandwich Systems with Backlash

In this paper, an approach to analyze the observability and controllability of sandwich systems with backlash is proposed. In this method, a non-smooth state-space function is used to describe the sandwich systems with backlash which are also non-smooth non-linear systems. Then, a linearization method based on non-smooth optimization is proposed to derive a linearized state-space function to approximate the non-smooth sandwich systems within a bounded region around the equilibrium point that we are interested in. Afterwards, both observability and controllability matrices are constructed and the methods to analyze the observability as well as controllability of sandwich system with backlash are derived. Finally, numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed method.

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and its influence on the State-Building Process in Azerbaijan

The article deals with the impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the state-building process of Azerbaijan and its influence on the security of the country and the whole region. It identifies that this conflict was the major obstacle in ensuring smooth functioning of state authorities in the initial period of the independence of Azerbaijan. It is mentioned that, nowadays, the state-building process are successfully carried out in Azerbaijan. However, deadlock in the solution of the conflict are the major source of threat and instability not only for Azerbaijan but also for the whole region. From this point of view, unless the solution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, it seems that this problem will keep its negative impact on the smooth state-building process in Azerbaijan.

Analysis on Shear Stresses of Asphalt Layers on Lean Concrete Base

Since it exist a significant difference in stiffness between asphalt surface and lean concrete base layer,the probability of shearing failure increase.In this paper,a typical structure of asphalt pavement with lean concrete base is established,selecting smooth state as the interfacial contact condition.BISAR3.0 is used to calculate stresses in the multilayered elastic system.Results display that the thickness of asphalt layer and the load condition have an enormous influence on shear stresses,while surface modulus,the modulus and thickness of base layer do not much affect the shear stresses in surface.

Adaptive Synchronization and Antisynchronization of a Hyperchaotic Complex Chen System with Unknown Parameters Based on Passive Control

This paper investigates the synchronization and antisynchronization problems of a hyperchaotic complex Chen system with unknown parameters based on the properties of a passive system. The essential conditions are derived under which the synchronization or antisynchronization error dynamical system could be equivalent to a passive system and be globally asymptotically stabilized at a zero equilibrium point via smooth state feedback. Corresponding parameter estimation update laws are obtained to estimate the unknown parameters as well. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.