On parasite fauna of the European beaver

The purpose of the research is identification of the current parasitological situation for Eurasian beavers inhabiting the Central Russia.Materials and methods. The work was carried out on hunting farms and in specially protected areas of the Central Russia. Potentially infective material was collected, recorded and preserved from animals during 2015–2021. The age of the animals was determined by their weight and physiological state of the rodents’ teeth and internal organs, and the sex was determined by their genitals. The animals were examined according to the method of complete and partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin.Results and discussion. A total of 41 animals were examined. Three forms of parasitism on animals were identified in natural habitat, namely, the trematode Stichorchis subtriquetrus, the nematode Travassosius rufus, and the ectoparasite Platypsyllus castoris. The stichorchosis causative agent localized in the animal’s large intestine was diagnosed in 35 rodents (85.4%). The helminth infection was 96% in the Eurasian beaver and 68.7% in the Canadian beaver. The nematode infection in stomach was detected in 31 animals (75.6%). The infection by T. rufus was 88% in the Eurasian beaver, and 56.3% in the Canadian beaver. The infected animals were delivered from the Vladimir, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula and Yaroslavl Regions. The beaver beetle P. castoris was found in 6 animals (14.6%). The infection rate was 8% in the Eurasian beaver, and 25% in the Canadian beaver. Animals with wingless arthropods have been identified in the Moscow and Ryazan Regions.

Ecological status of the Ayusai gorge

In the context of the increasing pace of economic development of the country and the increased use of natural resources, the issue of further improving the system of territorial protection of nature, primarily specially protected areas, is becoming urgent. The article presents the results of studies of the ecological state of the gorge Ayusay, which is part of the Ile-Alatau National Park for the period prior to the change of the modes of nature in connection with the rental and the beginning of the construction of a visitor center, i.e. in fact, the results of background studies of the influence of previously existing accumulators of mixed household waste of vacationers. The results of testing of soil, vegetation, surface water, and air showed low concentrations of polluting components in all samples. However, a comparative analysis of the results, taking into account the location of the sampling, revealed a tendency to increase their concentrations with a decrease in altitude, i.e., pollution increases in the direction of movement towards the city. The decrease in concentrations characteristic of motor transport in the direction of contamination of the underground stream in the direction of the draining flow of surface water indicates the main role of highways in the pollution processes.

ON PROTECTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN THE UST-CHUMYSH MICRODISTRICT

The article analyzes the conducted activities for protection of several archaeological sites of the Ust-Chumysh microdistrict located at the mouth of the Chumysh River in the Talmensky District of the Altai Territory. It should be noted that it has been the first and the only experience of preventive protection measures in the Altai Territory so far. At the initiative of the scientific community, conservation measures started, which led to the creation of the only natural and historical reserve in Altai, one of its goals being the preservation of archaeological sites. Specific measures for completion of this work have been proposed. The positive results of such activities of interdepartmental interaction were in the absence of both natural and anthropogenic destruction in the analyzed archaeological microdistrict, which prompted us to formulate a proposal to share this experience, its essence being a creation of an interdepartmental working group with involvement of scientific community in order to include archaeological sites in the list of protected objects of the existing specially protected areas, with a subsequent change in their status from natural to natural-historical. Keywords: nature reserve, protection, archaeology, interaction, Altai Territory, microdistrict

Crop wild relatives in the Magadan province of Russia: perspectives of gene pool conservation

Eight species classified as rare in the Magadan Province, including those located at the boundary of their natural distribution area, with a narrow ecological amplitude, require not only monitoring of the known, but also search for new populations. These species can be recommended for the inclusion in the Red List of Crop Wild Relatives of the Far East. Most successfully these species can be conserved in protected areas with a special conservation regime. Populations of three species recorded in the Magadansky State Nature Reserve (Allium ochotense Prokh., Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir. and Oxycoccus palustris Pers.) should be monitored on a regular basis. The occurrence of Rheum compactum L. in the nature reserve needs to be confirmed. Also, Rheum compactum L. and others species not recorded in the nature reserve, i.e., Artemisia dracunculus L., Bromopsis canadensis (Michx.) Holub, Dracocephalum stellerianum F. Hiltebr. and Linum komarovii Juz., require a search for stable cenoses (and establishment of intracenotic relations) in order to justify the need in creating special nature micro-reserves, including those in other specially protected areas of the province.

MODERN APPROACHES TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS IN WESTERN SIBERIA AND ALTAI KRAI

Approaches to improving environmental protection in Siberia and the Altai Krai are considered. The paper substantiates the proposal to create a regional (Siberian) network (system) of specially protected areas using an ecological framework approach; the need to form a unified methodological base on the principles of forming regional networks (systems) of protected areas; about the development of a protected area Scheme in the Altai Krai based on modern environmental concepts and approaches: continuity of conservation, landscape approach.

SPECIALLY PROTECTED TERRITORIES OF THE REPUBLIC BASHKORTOSTAN

The paper analyzes specially protected areas of Republic Bashkortostan. Special attention is paid to nature reserves and their importance.