Mortality Compression and Variability in Age at Death in India

The global rise of life expectancy at birth has attracted worldwide interest, especially in understanding the pace of mortality transition in developing countries. In this study, we assess the progress of mortality transition in India during four decades between 1970 and 2013. We estimate measures of mortality compression and variability in age at death to assess the trends and patterns in mortality compression for India as a whole and its twelve biggest states. The results reveal an unequivocal convergence pattern in mortality compression across the states underpinned by the reduction in premature mortality and emerging homogeneity in mortality. Results by gender show that women are more homogenous in their mortality across the country because of an explicit reduction in the Gini coefficients at age 10 by the age group of 15-29 years. Mortality compression has changed in recent decades because of the increased survival of women in their reproductive ages, which marked a distinct phase of mortality transition in India. The pace of mortality transition, however, varies; adult mortality decline was greater than senescent mortality decline. These results show that India has passed the middle stage of mortality transition and has entered an early phase of low mortality.

Regional Disparities in Brazilian Adult Mortality: an analysis using Modal Age at Death (M) and Compression of Mortality (IQR)

This paper examines mortality differentials in Brazil and states between 1980 and 2010, using the Brazilian Ministry of Health Database. We use Modal age at death and measures of mortality compression to analyze regional and gender differences overtime and across regions. We estimate age-specific mortality rates by single ages using two approaches: Wilmoth and colleagues Log-Quad approaches and Topal´s method proposed by Schmertmann and Gonzaga and Schmertmann. Our results show that provincial disparities in mortality in general across regions of the country. Moreover, based on the modal age at death and the interquartile range (IQR) of ages at death. We find that there is a process of compression of mortality with increasing modal age at death.

Pomiar dyspersji wieku w momencie zgonu. Przyczynek do analizy kompresji umieralności w Polsce

The article presents the life-table dispersion measures and analysis results for Poland with special regard to the process of mortality compression. The following measures were analysed: Gini coefficient, average inter-individual difference in age at death, modal age at death, inter-quartile range, standard deviation above the modal age at death, person-years lost (e-dagger) and index of mortality entropy. The empirical analysis employed data for the years 1958–2014 derived from the Human Mortality Database (HMD). The observed tendency towards reduction in the dispersion of age at death was not uniform during the 50 year span analysed and actually stagnated in certain periods. In particular, the results for the male population do not indicate a definite trend towards reduction in mortality dispersion. The results for the female population demonstrate a reduction in age dispersion at death among women over time with regard to all measures, with the modal age at death advancing towards progressively older age groups. The dispersion measures utilised in this study and the results can be used in further research on mortality compression in Poland.

Демографический дайджест

Liefbroer A.C., A.-R. Poortman, J.A. Seltzer. Why do intimate partners live apart? Evidence on LAT relationships across EuropeVitali A., F.C. Billari. Changing determinants of low fertility and diffusion: a spatial analysis for ItalyGrigoriev P., E.M. Andreev. The huge reduction in adult male mortality in Belarus and Russia: is it attributable to anti-alcohol measures?Scherbov S., D. Ediev. Does selection of mortality model make a difference in projecting population ageing?Tamborini C.R., C. Kim, A. Sakamoto. Education and lifetime earnings in the United StatesMarshall E.A. Population projections and demographic knowledge in France and Great Britain in the postwar periodMatsudaira J.D. Economic conditions and the living arrangements of young adults: 1960 to 2011Janssen F., V. Rousson, F. Paccaud. The role of smoking in changes in the survival curve: an empirical study in 10 European countriesJanssen F., F. van Poppel. The adoption of smoking and its effect on the mortality gender gap in Netherlands: A historical perspectiveVan Raalte A.A., M. Myrskylä, P. Martikainen. The role of smoking on mortality compression: An analysis of Finnish occupational social classes, 1971-2010Kelly L.A., S.H. Preston. The contribution of a history of heavy smoking to Scotland’s mortality disadvantage

Regional disparities in Canadian adult and old-age mortality: A comparative study based on smoothed mortality ratio surfaces and age at death distributions

This paper examines adult and old-age mortality differentials in Canada between 1930 and 2007 at the provincial level, using theCanadian Human Mortality Database and the flexible smoothing P-spline method in two-dimensions well-suited to the study of smallpopulations. Our analysis reveals that provincial disparities in adult mortality in general, and among the elderly population in particular,are substantial in Canada. Moreover, based on the modal age at death and the standard deviation of ages at death above the mode,provincial disparities at older ages have barely reduced over time, despite the great mortality improvements in all provinces since the early 20th century. In the last few years studied, evidence of the shifting mortality regime was found among females in most Western and Central provinces, while all males were still undergoing an old-age mortality compression regime.