scholarly journals Pomiar dyspersji wieku w momencie zgonu. Przyczynek do analizy kompresji umieralności w Polsce

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Dispersion Measures ◽  
Mortality Compression ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Over Time

The article presents the life-table dispersion measures and analysis results for Poland with special regard to the process of mortality compression. The following measures were analysed: Gini coefficient, average inter-individual difference in age at death, modal age at death, inter-quartile range, standard deviation above the modal age at death, person-years lost (e-dagger) and index of mortality entropy. The empirical analysis employed data for the years 1958–2014 derived from the Human Mortality Database (HMD). The observed tendency towards reduction in the dispersion of age at death was not uniform during the 50 year span analysed and actually stagnated in certain periods. In particular, the results for the male population do not indicate a definite trend towards reduction in mortality dispersion. The results for the female population demonstrate a reduction in age dispersion at death among women over time with regard to all measures, with the modal age at death advancing towards progressively older age groups. The dispersion measures utilised in this study and the results can be used in further research on mortality compression in Poland.

scholarly journals Measurement of Inequality and Compression of Mortality in India for 4 Decades: 1970–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
Mukesh Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Inequality Measures ◽  
Sample Registration System ◽  
Dispersion Measures ◽  
Measurement Of Inequality

Abstract The studies relating to measurement of compression of Mortality in India is scarce. Most of the studies relating to mortality in India are focused on either life expectancy, or adult, and child mortality. We have used methods suggested by Kannisto (2000) and Canudos (2008) to measure the compression of mortality phenomenon for India for four decades viz. 1970-2015. Dispersion measures like simple mean, median, modal age at death; and some complicated measures like life disparity, standard deviation above mode, standard deviation in highest quartile, Interquartile range, Gini coefficient, AID and C-family were calculated for India from 1970-2015. We used the age specific death rates from abridged Life tables given by Sample Registration System published by Govt. of India. Our results show that inequality in mortality is decreasing in general but the gap between male and female is increasing. There was an average of three years difference in mean and modal age at death between male females in 2011-15. Overall, mean, median and modal age at death has increased in four decades but other inequality measures like Gini coefficient, AID, Standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation has decreased in four decades in India. C50 indicator, which indicates that 50 percent of deaths are happening in that age interval, declined from 26 years to 20 years for males and 27 years to 17 years for females, thus indicating the rate of compression of mortality is higher for females than males in India during 1970-75 till 2011-15.

scholarly journals Temporal trends and regional disparities in cancer screening utilization: an observational Swiss claims-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Bähler ◽  
Beat Brüngger ◽  
Agne Ulyte ◽  
Matthias Schwenkglenks ◽  
Viktor von Wyl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Psa Testing ◽  
Mammography Use

Abstract Background We examined colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer screening utilization in eligible populations within three data cross-sections, and identified factors potentially modifying cancer screening utilization in Swiss adults. Methods The study is based on health insurance claims data of the Helsana Group. The Helsana Group is one of the largest health insurers in Switzerland, insuring approximately 15% of the entire Swiss population across all regions and age groups. We assessed proportions of the eligible populations receiving colonoscopy/fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), mammography, or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in the years 2014, 2016, and 2018, and calculated average marginal effects of individual, temporal, regional, insurance-, supply-, and system-related variables on testing utilization using logistic regression. Results Overall, 8.3% of the eligible population received colonoscopy/FOBT in 2014, 8.9% in 2016, and 9.2% in 2018. In these years, 20.9, 21.2, and 20.4% of the eligible female population received mammography, and 30.5, 31.1, and 31.8% of the eligible male population had PSA testing. Adjusted testing utilization varied little between 2014 and 2018; there was an increasing trend of 0.8% (0.6–1.0%) for colonoscopy/FOBT and of 0.5% (0.2–0.8%) for PSA testing, while mammography use decreased by 1.5% (1.2–1.7%). Generally, testing utilization was higher in French-speaking and Italian-speaking compared to German-speaking region for all screening types. Cantonal programs for breast cancer screening were associated with an increase of 7.1% in mammography utilization. In contrast, a high density of relevant specialist physicians showed null or even negative associations with screening utilization. Conclusions Variation in cancer screening utilization was modest over time, but considerable between regions. Regional variation was highest for mammography use where recommendations are debated most controversially, and the implementation of programs differed the most.

Age analysis of the population mortality from diabetes mellitus in the Tula region

10.12737/5613 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Макишева ◽  
R. Makisheva ◽  
Хромушин ◽  
Viktor Khromushin ◽  
Хадарцев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Age Cohort

The article analyzes 182897 deaths of the adult population of the Tula region from the mortality register from 2007 to 2013 by age cohorts 15-19; 20-24; 25-34; 35-44; 45-54; 55-64; 65-74; >=75, of which 4882 case of death from diabetes. The increasing incidence of diseases of the endocrine system, disorders of nutrition and metabolism is identified and is accordingly 63,7; 66,5; 68,4; 68,3; 69,4; 71,0 per 1000 population. The mortality rate in the Tula region in 2012 from diabetes was 59,86 per 100000 population. The analysis of mortality shows that the ratio of women to men for the period from 2007 to 2013 increases with increasing age in a power-law dependence from 0,6 to 4,49. In the age cohort 45-54 men and women, there is a decrease in the number of cases. The initial increase and the subsequent significant decline in the number of cases have a place for men in this cohort. For women, the mortality rate decreases with larger slope than for men. The dynamics of the mortality of men and women in the cohort 55-64 is characterized by an increase in the number of cases in 2007-2010 and the decrease in 2011-2013. In this cohort, the mortality rate among men increased (except 2013), and the mortality rate of the female population varies only slightly. Mortality of women, men, and for men and women in the cohort 65-74 years decreases, and in the cohort of 75 and over increased. Positive aspects of age analysis is the transfer of deaths from age groups 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 in a cohort of older ages 75 years or more. Negative aspects of age analysis is the increased mortality of the male population in the cohort 55-64 in 2007- 2012, men and women of this cohort in 2007 - 2010 years, as well as the high mortality of the female population from diabetes, compared with the male population of the Tula region.

scholarly journals Recent trends in HIV prevalence in a remote setting of southern India: Insights into arranging HIV control policies

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 838-843
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Sekar ◽  
Murugesan Amudhan ◽  
Moorthy Sivashankar ◽  
Manoharan Mythreyee
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Integrated Counseling

Introduction: Constant vigilance of the dynamics of HIV prevalence is important in estimating, regulating, and implementing prevention programs. The objective of this study was to investigate the trend in the prevalence of HIV infection over six years among specific demographic groups in the remote district of southern India. Methodology: All high-risk attendees of the Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre, Government Theni Medical College between April 2005 and December 2010 were included in this study. Characteristics including age, sex, place of residence, literacy, and HIV sero-status were collected as per the guidelines of the National AIDS Control Organization. Results: A total of 50,043 data sets were analyzed; 3,282 (6.6%) tested positive for HIV infection. The prevalence of HIV infection among the ≤ 25 age group was significantly lower as compared to the elderly (4.4% vs. 6.9%; odds ratio 0.62; 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.71; p < 0.01). There was a decline in HIV prevalence among both age groups (Ptrend < 0.01 for ≤ 25 year-old; – 82.3% and Ptrend < 0.01 for > 25-year old, – 14.2%), males (Ptrend < 0.01; – 50.9%), the urban population (Ptrend < 0.01; – 45.9%), and illiterates (Ptrend < 0.01; – 68%). The trend of HIV prevalence among females (Ptrend = 0.48; +9.1%), the rural population (Ptrend = 0.95; – 7.1%), and literate population (Ptrend = 0.44; +28%) was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: HIV prevalence is stable in the female population, while it is decreasing in male population, indicating that current interventions must be strengthened to reduce HIV prevalence among females.

scholarly journals LITERATE LIFE EXPECTANCY AND ITS GENDER DIFFERENTIALS IN OMAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
M. Mazharul Islam ◽  
Md. Hasinur Rahaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Gender Differentials

Measuring human quality and well-being by the human development index (HDI) is very challenging as it is a composite index of many socio-economic variables. However, a simple index called literate life expectancy (LLE) by combining life expectancy and literacy only can be used as an alternative measure, which is less data intensive than HDI. LLE is the average life expectancy that a person lives under literate state. Length of life in literate state has many positive implications on social, economic and political aspects of life. In this paper an attempt has been made to construct LLE for Omani population with its gender differentials. The data for the study were extracted from the 2015 Statistical Year Book and the 2010 Population and Census report of Oman published by the National Centre for Statistics & Information. Despite socioeconomic progress, levels of education among women in Oman are not the same as men. The analysis shows the remarkable differences in the LLE between men and women for almost all age groups. The Omani female population is much lag behind in literate life expectancy than the Omani male population. The results underscore the need to take necessary steps for reducing gender gap in LLE in Oman.  

scholarly journals Outbreak investigation of acute diarrheal disease in Palitana urban, Gujarat

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2294
Author(s):  
Bharti Koria ◽  
B. P. Boricha ◽  
Hirava Munsi ◽  
Jatin Sarvaiya
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Adult Age

Background: Clustering of diarrhoea and vomiting cases were reported in Palitana urban on 22 December 2014. Rapid response team was sent from government medical college, Bhavnagar to control the epidemic. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Palitana urban for acute diarrheal disease epidemic investigation. Secondary data obtained from health staff and analysed to have clear picture of epidemic. Necessary actions were taken to control it. Results: Total 390 cases were reported. Out of them 21-30 adult age group was more affected as compared to other age groups. Attack rate of diarrheal disease was more in male population (85.61%) as compared to female population (40.99%).Over all attack rate was 64.19%. Conclusions: It was an acute diarrheal disease outbreak due to mixing of drinking water with polluted water. 

scholarly journals Age-sex model of mortality from cerebrovascular diseases among the Irkutsk Region population

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
V. V. Shprakh ◽  
Ya. P. Sandakov ◽  
O. V. Velm
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Irkutsk Region

Introduction. Cerebrovascular diseases are a medical and social problem for developed countries in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The study of special mortality rates makes it possible to study in depth the nature of this pathology, its intensity among the population and to formulate reasoned program solutions aimed at reducing its frequency in the population.The aim of the research is to identify trends and features of the dynamics of mortality in connection with cerebrovascular diseases in different age and sex groups of Irkutsk Region population.Materials and methods. The subject of the research is deaths from cerebrovascular diseases among Irkutsk Region population for the period of 2000–2020. A continuous method of statistical observation was used; the grouping of the material was carried out by distributing the deceased by sex and five-year age interval, with subsequent calculation of mortality tables. The dynamics of the quantitative measure of mortality was determined by calculating the matrix of time series indicators.Results and discussion. For the period of 2000–2020, in the Irkutsk Region, there was a decrease in mortality rates from cerebrovascular diseases both among the male and female population. Mortality rates by sex are higher among the male population, as indicated by the ratio of the ratio of mortality between men and women in all age intervals. The multiplicity of the ratio of indicators increases during the research period from the maximum values of 2.1 times in 2000 to 5.0 times in 2020. The maximum difference shifts from the age of 55–59 to the age group of 40–44. The intensity of mortality reduction in the dynamics of 2000–2020 among the female population is higher than the male. Based on the results of the analysis of the time series, it was found that the age-specific exponent of mortality in the content of 1 % of the mortality increase has a more pronounced quantitative measure for the male population.Conclusion. As the result of the research, for twenty-year observation period a decrease in mortality rates from cerebrovascular diseases was revealed. The age-specific mortality rate from cerebrovascular diseases in the male population is higher than in the female population. The maximum intensity of the difference in mortality between men and women is reached in the working age groups. The content of the indicator 1% of increase in deaths in the male population is higher than that of the female. State policy in the development and implementation of target-oriented programs for reduction of mortality should be based on thorough analysis of data of administrative districts.

scholarly journals EVOLVING TREND OF PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2 IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Aritra Biswas ◽  
Jayeeta Haldar ◽  
Raja Ray ◽  
Hirak Jyoti Raj ◽  
Raja Ray
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population

Objectives: COVID-19 has resulted in thousands of death worldwide and its transmission among humans is an important topic in this pandemic situation. Our study is the first comprehensive study on the evolving epidemiological trend of SARS-CoV-2 disease from patient of West Bengal, India. Study Design: Prospective observational data based study over a three-month period amongst all ages and genders. Methods: Using the gold standard Real Time PCR method to analyze nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeals swab samples for detection of RNA of SARS- CoV-2. Epidemiological data examined to detect prevalence of this disease among symptomatic to asymptomatic population. Results: Demographic data analysis showed that male population (69.79%) were more infected than female population (30.12%) by SARS-CoV-2. It was also revealed that majority positive cases under the age of 45 years were asymptomatic (64.34%) whereas symptomatic cases were more (65.75%) in older age groups. Month wise distribution amongst the positive individuals indicated that in the month of April, more positive cases (81%) were with symptoms whereas in the month of June, asymptomatic groups predominate (77%). Conclusions: The evolving trend of COVID-19 disease showing gradual shift of greater positivity among symptomatic to asymptomatic with progress of time from March to end June. It was also identified that predominantly asymptomatic presentation in the younger age group as compared to predominantly symptomatic presentation in older age group. This is expected to have public health impact in understanding the disease so that appropriate public health measures can be undertaken.

Anaemia in an Island Population

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
C. A. Gourley ◽  
J. Pearson ◽  
W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration

A haematological investigation was carried out on the population of the Island of Westray situated in the Orkney Isles, North Scotland. The response rate was 98.8 per cent and 291 males and 289 females over the age of 15 years had a blood examination. Anaemia in the male population (defined as 12.5 g. haemoglobin per 100 ml. of blood or less) was 4.1 per cent and in the female population (defined as 12 g. haemoglobin per 100 ml. of blood or less) was 14.5 per cent. In the male population, the prevalence was found to increase with age, from 2 to 3 per cent in the younger age groups to 8 per cent at 55 years and over. In the female population, the highest prevalence was in the 35 to 44 years age group (25%) and in women over 75 years (23%). There was a statistically significant reduction of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (M.C.H.C.) with age in all the male age groups studied. There was a similar significant association between age and M.C.H.C. in the female population under 75 years of age. Reduction in the M.C.H.C. with a normal haemoglobin level was found in 13.4 per cent of the males and in 18.7 per cent of the female population.

scholarly journals Pattern of Chronic Rheumatic Valvular Lesion in Patients Undergoing Echocardiography - A study of 510 cases

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Md. Khalequzzaman ◽  
Md. O Hoque ◽  
S N Uddin ◽  
Md. N Islam ◽  
R S Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Valvular Diseases ◽  
Valvular Lesion ◽  
Valve Lesion ◽  
Over Time

This observational study of 510 cases of chronic rheumatic valvular diseases was corded out in the Department of Cardiology in the National Center for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Diseases (NCCRFAH1H from Jamiary 2007 to October 2007 with the main objective to find out the patient of distribution of rheumatic valvular lesion in the commtmlly and whether this trend is changing over time or not. All the patients underwent a thorough clinical examinations followed by electrocardiographic, radiographic and finally echocardiographic examinations. Nomdreinnaric cases of Wyatt', lesion and fimaional valvular lesion were excluded from the study. The study revealed that there were 52_5% female and 47.5% male with mean age of presentation of 32.86 x 12.90 years. isolated milral waive involrentelll WAS found in 57.25% cases. isolated aortic valve lesion in 8.8% cases and combined valve lesion in 33.9% rases. Mina) valve lesion van significantly higher in female population and aortic valve lesion in male population. Pure mitral stenasis was found in 22.9% cases.

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