Comfort-Related Properties of Double-Layered Woven Car Seat Fabrics

Seat upholstery fabrics for vehicles are crucial products as technical textiles in motor vehicles make up approximately 15% of the total manufactured technical textiles worldwide and more than 50% of the production belongs to the woven fabrics because of their appropriate properties for this application. The current work presents the comfort-related properties of the woven fabrics designed to be used in automotive seat upholstery. For this aim, double-layered woven fabrics were produced with four different process variables such as bottom layer pattern, number of interlacing warps in a unit report, number of interlacing picks per top warp, and number of weft skips by using Taguchi experimental design. Besides handle related properties, such as circular bending rigidity, surface roughness properties, and thermo physiological comfort related properties that include air permeability, thermal resistance, and moisture management properties were measured and analyzed based on Taguchi experimental analysis.

A Study of Tibial Nerve in the Popliteal Fossa Along With Its Variations in Its Branching Pattern

Background: A detailed Knowledge of these variations in motor branching patterns will help the surgeons when certain procedures are done for calf reduction and also when selective neurectomy is required. It is also required by the anesthetists to give neurolytic blocks. Subjects and Methods: 40 formalin-fixed lower limbs of adult human cadavers were selected. The origin of the tibial nerve, variations in a branching pattern, number of muscular branches given was studied by dissection. The Level of origin of these nerves was taken to the apex of the head of the fibula (AHF). Results: In 70 % of specimens the origin of the Tibial Nerve was < 12 cm and in 30 % it was between 12-24 cm above the level of AHF. In 10% of cases, the sural nerve originated from the nerve to the medial head of gastrocnemius (MHG). In 82.5% of specimens, the MHG received one branch from the tibial nerve and in 17.5% it received two branches. The lateral head of Gastrocnemius (LHG) received one branch from the tibial nerve. In 10%, there was a common branch for the LHG and the soleus muscle. 90% of specimens had one branch and 10% had two branches that supplied the soleus muscle. A single branch supplied the plantaris muscle. The popliteus muscle also received a single branch. Conclusion : The results in the study provide information that is required by the anatomists, surgeons, radiologists and anesthetists.

An experimental study on the interaction between braiding structural parameters and their effects on ropes mechanical properties

Braided rope configuration and properties are the main key factors to consider on choosing it for various industrial applications. Rope's structure is characterized by high axial tensile strength combined with flexibility. The mechanical properties of ropes are greatly influenced by braiding process settings which have crucial effects on their functional performance. In this study, 27 types of braided polyester ropes were produced and divided into three groups according to their structural parameters and braiding settings, which include take-up and tension rates, yarn count, braid pattern, number of spindles and carriers' settings. The effects of changing these parameters on braid angle, repeat length, linear density, and mechanical properties such as tensile stress, strain and tensile modulus were investigated. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the results using multiple regression analysis, F-test, surface and contour plots to illustrate the relation and the interaction between variables that have significant effects on the ropes' properties and to assess their performance. The results indicated that increasing the take-up rate leads to increase the ropes' braid angle. Whereas, increasing the tension leads to obtain ropes of low linear density with high stress and modulus. Ropes of lower strain were attained by increasing the take-up and decreasing the tension rates. Furthermore, the rope sample produced with pattern 2/2 using the high take-up and medium tension rate achieved the highest mechanical properties of high stress, modulus with low strain among all rope samples in the three groups.

Diagnosis of Mendelian Inherited Disorders in Dogs: Brief Literature Review

Genomic research of hereditary diseases is highly significant in the development of specific diagnostic markers meant to identify dogs carrying gene mutations. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals database shows that there are 324 Mendelian disorders in dogs, of which 247 have their likely causal gene variation identified. The remaining disorders are candidates for future research in dog and human genetics, as it may lead to the description of the causative genomic variants in both species. This paper aims to briefly describe the techniques currently used in the research of dog genetics. Choosing the proper technique is fundamental, as it may differ in accordance to multiple variables such as transmission pattern, number of individuals taken into study and the quality and quantity of the existing information.

THE LEARNING TRAJECTORY OF NUMBER PATTERN LEARNING USING BARATHAYUDHA WAR STORIES AND UNO STACKO

In recent years, several researchers have tried to use stories and games as a starting point for learning mathematics. This is allegedly able to increase students' mathematical abilities and make learning mathematics more enjoyable. Therefore, this research is aimed to design a mathematics learning trajectory in pattern number using Barathayudha War Stories and Uno Stacko games as a starting point or context in the learning process with the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (IRME) approach. The research method used is a design research that contains three stages, preliminary design, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis. The result of this research is the learning trajectory design of number pattern learning using Barathayudha war stories and Uno Stacko. The design consists of four activities, which is a detective of Barathayudha war; rebuilt Abimayu fortress at the battlefield of Kurusetra; find the unique secret number code of Abimayu fortress; and built another fort using number pattern. The results showed Barathayudha war stories and Uno Stacko can stimulate students to understand their knowledge of pattern number concept which is the stages in the learning trajectory of student have an essential role in understanding the concept.

ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECTS OF PART DEFECTS IN ABS SAMPLES MADE USING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

This study highlights the cause and effects of part defects in ABS-Based samples using an additive manufacturing process. The parameters that were investigated include build orientation, infill pattern, number of contours, airgap, road width and annealing as a post-processing parameter. Samples were made, and their compressive strength was tested. Additionally, the tested samples were investigated using optical microscopy and the classification of their defects was done. This study is unique in investigating the effect of stress relief annealing along with build process parameters. Furthermore, the various defects associated with compressive failure in additively manufactured artefacts were categorized and a cause and effect diagram was derived which would enable designers to predict the areas of failure of a part.

RESEARCH ON THE FLIGHT DYNAMICS OF OSTRINIA NUBILALIS IN MAIZE CROPS UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF MOLDOVA, ROMANIA

"Maize is one of the most cultivated plants species in Europe. Throughout Romania, maize was present on 2.68 million hectares in 2019. As such, special care should be taken to protect these crops against harmful organisms and especially insects. In the current context of the climate changes that become more visible from one year to another on agricultural crops and also on the pest attack intensity, it is necessary to know the evolution of the pest European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. in maize crops. For this reason, the pest was monitored under conditions of the central part of Moldavia, Romania, in order to evaluate the adult’s appearance and the flight pattern. Number of adults of O. nubilalis collected during the study period 2018-2020 totalled 1652 specimens, of which 488 specimens were registered in 2018, 729 specimens in 2019, and 437 specimens in 2020. The flight of adults began at the end of May in 2018, respectively at the beginning of June in 2019 and 2020 and continued without interruption until the end of September each year. The flight curves of O. nubilalis were monitored in the study period, the maximum peaks were recorded at different times, influenced by temperature conditions and precipitation recorded in April - August. The flight of moths has undergone changes, it was interrupted by rainfall in June and July, the flight increased in intensity during August, in mid or the end of the month, when second peaks were recorded."

Determination the Date of Menarche in a Sample of Girls in Karbala City: تحديد موعد الطمث لدى عينة من الفتيات في مدينة كربلاء

The aim of this study is to determine the mean age of menarche among girls in the Karbala city/ Iraq and find the relationship between this age and variables of the study sample. Methodology: Data were collected from 323 girls as a study sample selected randomly from February 2018 to March 2018 from primary and secondary school students. The questionnaire was designed to include two parts, the first part included BMI, educational level, family income. While the second part was specific to the menstruation, including (the first menstrual cycle, menstrual pattern, number of days of menstrual flow, and nature of the menstrual flow). Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS program to derive the results of the study (frequencies and percentages, mean and SD, the spearman correlation coefficient to find the relationship and the significance between age at menarche and other variables) Results: The mean age of the girls at menarche was (12.099± 1.390) years and most of them have normal BMI (59.8%), sufficient family income (61.3%.), moderate in nature of the menstrual flow (54.8%) and regular menstruation pattern (75.2%). The days of blood flow (6 and above) day were (70.3%). There is a significant correlation at 0.01 between age at menstruation and BMI, educational level, family income, and a number of days of menstrual flow. While no significant correlation with the menstrual pattern and menstrual flow of the study sample. Conclusions: Age at menarche among girls in Karbala city is similar to that in other countries were (mean± SD) 12.09 ±1.39 years, most of them have normal BMI and normal Menses characteristics. There is a significant correlation between age at menstruation and BMI, educational level, family income, and a number of days of menstrual flow. While no significant correlation with the menstrual pattern and menstrual flow of the study sample. Recommendations: The age of puberty, which is a manifestation of menarche is an important stage in the lives of girls so must be prepared by educating them about the importance of physical health, healthy diet, and exercise that contributes to improving their reproductive health.

Anatomical Study of a Chimeric Fascio-Osteomyocutaneous Fibula Flap for Free Microvascular Tissue Transfer

Background Functional restoration in reconstructive surgery can require complex and adaptable approaches. In this anatomical study, the combined angiosome of the septofasciomyocutaneous vessels originating from the fibular artery was defined as basis for a chimeric flap of the lateral lower leg. Methods Methylene blue injection into the fibular artery was performed in 10 legs of fresh cadavers for visualization of the angiosome on the skin, fibula, and adjacent muscles as the lateral hemisoleus (HS) muscle. With regards to clinical specifications a maximum-size flap containing cutaneous, osseous, and muscular elements was raised. During dissection, the distribution pattern, number and size of stained septofasciomyocutaneous vessels at the lateral border of the proximal, middle, and distal thirds of the fibula length, as well as the flap dimensions were evaluated. Results In all specimens, vessels originating from the fibular artery and supplying the resected fibular bone, the fasciocutaneous flap and dorsally located muscles were found. The mean number of vessels to the skin was 4.2 per leg with a mean diameter of 1.1 ± 0.5 mm (range: 0.4–2.5 mm) and to the HS muscle 3.4 vessels with a mean diameter of 1.2 ± 0.7 mm (range: 0.3–3.0 mm). A total of 88.4% vessels occurred in the proximal and middle thirds of the legs. The resected fibula graft had a mean length of 23.8 ± 3.9 cm (range: 19.9–31.0 cm) and the skin paddle had a mean size of 23.8 ± 3.9 cm (range: 19.9–31.0 cm) × 7.0 cm. The flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle had a mean volume of 37.2 ± 15.8 cm3 (range: 18–58 cm3) and the lateral HS muscle 77.1 ± 23.3 cm3 (range: 48–105 cm3). Conclusion Our results and anatomical descriptions indicate that chimeric fibula flaps can meet the specific reconstructional requirements of complex and large sized defects representing a promising basis for further studies.

Reach of Messages in a Dental Twitter Network: Cohort Study Examining User Popularity, Communication Pattern, and Network Structure (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Increasing the reach of messages disseminated through Twitter promotes the success of Twitter-based health education campaigns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify factors associated with reach in a dental Twitter network (1) initially and (2) sustainably at individual and network levels. METHODS We used instructors’ and students’ Twitter usernames from a Saudi dental school in 2016-2017 and applied Gephi (a social network analysis tool) and social media analytics to calculate user and network metrics. Content analysis was performed to identify users disseminating oral health information. The study outcomes were reach at baseline and sustainably over 1.5 years. The explanatory variables were indicators of popularity (number of followers, likes, tweets retweeted by others), communication pattern (number of tweets, retweets, replies, tweeting/ retweeting oral health information or not). Multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate associations. RESULTS Among dental users, 31.8% had reach at baseline and 62.9% at the end of the study, reaching a total of 749,923 and dropping to 37,169 users at the end. At an individual level, reach was associated with the number of followers (baseline: odds ratio, OR=1.003, 95% CI=1.001-1.005 and sustainability: OR=1.002, 95% CI=1.0001-1.003), likes (baseline: OR=1.001, 95% CI=1.0001-1.002 and sustainability: OR=1.0031, 95% CI=1.0003-1.002), and replies (baseline: OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.005-1.04 and sustainability: OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.004-1.03). At the network level, users with the least followers, tweets, retweets, and replies had the greatest reach. CONCLUSIONS Reach was reduced by time. Factors increasing reach at the user level had different impact at the network level. More than one strategy is needed to maximize reach.