PENGARUH RASIO MOL REAKTAN DAN LAMA SULFONASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK METHYL ESTER SULFONIC (MES) DARI METIL ESTER MINYAK SAWIT

An experiment of sulfonation process of methyl ester to produce methyl ester sulfonates (MES) was caried out using methyl ester palm oil in factorial design and NaHSO as sulfonating agent with variation of ratio mol NaHSO : methyl ester (1:1.25, 1:1.5, 1:1.75 and 1:2 ) and sulfonation time (3 hour (L1), 4.5 hour (L2) and 6 hour (L3). The result showed that the best sulfonation condition present in 1:1,5 mol ratio and sulfonation time of 4,5 hour. The best characteristic of MES was produced emulsion stability of 68.25%, acid value of 2.57 mg KOH/g, iod value 10.91 g 1od/100 g sample, interfacial tension of 1.806 dyne/cm at MES concentration of 1% (w/w). The optimal salinity occured at concentration of 20.000 ppm which 1FT value of 0.0055 dyne/cm. Heating at a temperature of 800 C for 30 days with the addition of 2 3.Keywords: MES, sulfonation, NaHSO ABSTRAKSebuah penelitian tentang proses produksi metil ester sulfonat menggunakan bahan baku metil ester minyak kelapa sawit dilakukan secara faktorial menggunakan NaHSO sebagai agen pensulfonasi dengan variasi rasio mol NaHSO 1:1,25, 1:1,5, 1:1,75 dan 1:2 dan lama sulfonasi.dengan variasi 3; 45; dan 6 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi proses sulfonasi terbaik terdapat pada rasio metil ester dan mol reaktan 1:1,5 dan lama reaksi 4,5 jam dan suhu reaksi lOOoC yang menghasilkan nilai stabilitas emulsi 68,25%, bilangan asam 2,57 mg KOH/g sampel, bilangan iod 10,91 g 1od/100 g sampel. Konsentrasi metil ester sulfonat MES terbaik untuk menghasilkan 1FT terendah adalah 1% (b/b) yaitu 1,806 dyne/cm, salinitas optimal terjadi pada 20.000 ppm NaCl dengan nilai 1FT 0,0055 dyne/cm. 0,098 dyne/cm.Kata kunci: MES, proses sulfonasi, NaHSO

PERUBAHAN KOMPOSISI METIL ESTER AKIBAT KERUSAKAN PANAS PADA METIL ESTER SULFONAT DARI JARAK PAGAR

Vol 5 No 1ABSTRACT Surfactant is a surface-active agent that can be produced by a chemical or biochemical synthesis. The most widely used anionic surfactant in surfactant flooding is linier alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) synthesized from petroleum material. The weaknesses of petroleum based surfactant are: it is made from nonrenewable resources, has very poor detergency in hard water and naturally are difficult to be degraded. These problems can be overcome by producing methyl ester sulfonate (MES) surfactant made from natural resources, such jatropha oil es methyl ester. Temperature is the important factor that should be performed in MES stability. The purpose of this research is to investigate the sulfonate group caused by temperature and degradation time. The result of thermal degradation tests of Methyl Ester Sulfonates showed that at temperature of 150 oC during 72 hours influenced the degradation of sulfonate group. It was indicated by decreasing peak of sulfonate formed at the wave number of 1250 – 1150 cm-1. The increased of temperature showed decreased ability of surfactant to stabilized of emulsion and surface tension. Keywords: methyl ester sulfonates, thermal degradation