The effect of biorational insecticides on the citrus aphids and their predator, Coccinella septempunctata L.

<p>To determine selective effectiveness for specific pesticides on biological control species, we evaluated the contact toxicity of different treatments including 10 ml l^-1 dishwashing liquid, Dayabon 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 ml l^-1, Palizin 1.5, 2.5 and 2.5 ml l^-1, Palizin 1.5, 2 and 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l-1, Tondoxir 2 and 3­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1, Malathion 2 ml l^-1 and control (water) on the adult aphids of the most important citrus gardens and their predator, <em>Coccinella septempunctata </em>L. in the laboratory conditions. The results revealed that the Palizin treatment 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l^-1, caused the highest rate of the mortality of the citrus green aphid, <em>Aphis spiraecola </em><a title="Edith Marion Patch" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Marion_Patch">Patch</a>, 1914 in 36 hours. Concentrations of 7 to 10 ml l^-1, Dayabon and Palizin 2.5­+­Citrol oil 5 ml l^-1, as well as 3 ml^-1 Tondexir + Bartar soap 1 ml^-1 had the highest mortality of the citrus brown aphid, <em>Aphis citricidus </em>(Kirkaldy, 1907), 36 hours after treatment (100 %). In addition, the treatments of Palizin 2 ml^-1­+ Citrol oil of 5 ml^-1, as well as 2 ml l^-1 Tondexir­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1 and concentrations of 5 ml l^-1 and 6 ml^-1 of Dayabon produced the same amount of the mortality of the citrus black aphid, <em>Toxoptera aurantii </em>(Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841). Tondexir 3 ml l^-1­+­Bartar soap 1 ml l^-1 in 24 hours after treatment caused the highest rate of the mortality of the cotton aphids, <em>Aphis gossypii </em>Glover, 1877 (83.88 %). Malathion treatment caused a 100 % mortality of the predator ladybird 36 hours after treatment, while the lowest amount was observed in the Dayabon at 10 ml l^-1 with 33.34 % mortality.</p>

Community training in dishwashing-liquid soap making from waste cooking oil

Cooking oil that has been used more than once is not good for health due to exposure to carcinogens. Waste cooking oil causes pollution to the environment. Waste cooking oil can be used as a raw material for making liquid soap. The objective of this activity was to introduce the knowledge and train Batu Basurat community in making dishwashing-liquid soap from waste cooking oil. The method consists of location survey, training preparation, interactive training, monitoring, and evaluation. Dishwashing-liquid soap was made by mixing preheated waste cooking oil and potassium hydroxide (KOH) at 60-70 °C for one hour until trace was formed. Then, the mixture was kept agitated every 15 minutes for 2-3 hours until it becomes more solidified and transparent. Liquid soap was made by dissolving in warm water and addition of lemon essence as a deodorizer. Batu Basurat villagers showed a great interest in the activity, showing by enthusiasm and involvement in the training. Evaluation results showed that 100% community understood on making homemade dishwashing-liquid soap and 90% community agreed that liquid soap from waste cooking oil has a commercial potential, which could increase entrepreneurship ability and economic growth of Batu Bersurat villagers.

Produksi Sabun Cuci Piring Sebagai Upaya Peningkatkan Efektivitas Dan Peluang Wirausaha

Sabun cuci piring merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dalam rumah tangga yang berfungsi sebagai penghilang kotoran dan lemak pada peralatan makan dan masak. Konsumsi sabun cuci piring yang terus menerus setiap harinya, menyebabkan kebutuhan pengadaan sabun dengan biaya yang tidak sedikit, terlebih pada ibu-ibu kelompok pembuat jajan pasar sederhana di RT 4 RW 7 Kelurahan Pedalangan Kecamatan Banyumanik. Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberi pengetahuan dan pelatihan kepada ibu-ibu RT 4, RW 7, Kelurahan Pedalangan, Kecamatan Banyumanik tentang pembuatan sabun cuci piring cair guna mengurangi pengeluaran masyarakat terhadap pembelian sabun sekaligus untuk menciptakan peluang usaha baru. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian, akan dijelaskan bahan baku, prosedur kerja dan perhitungan biaya produksi pembuatan sabun cuci piring. Dari kegiatan yang dilakukan, mitra dapat menghasilkan luaran produk barang berupa sabun cuci piring cair sesuai dengan metode yang diberikan dalam pelatihan. Production of Dish Washer Soap as Efforts to Increase Effectiveness And Entrepreneurial Opportunity Dishwashing liquid is one of household stuff that used for removing grease and dirt from dishes. Using the dishwashing liquid continuously cause the need of its stuff at a high enough cost. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and training to the making of dishwashing liquid soap in order to reduce cost as well as to create new business opportunity. In this activities, the raw materials and procedure of producing dishwashing liquid will explained, and the production costs of dishwashing manufacture will calculated. From the activities undertaken, can produce the dishwashing liquid soap in accordance with the methods given in the training.

Operational Research on Design and Process Optimization of Ozone Water Application in Kitchen

Food safety is a very important focus in the kitchen industry today, as bacteria such as E.Coli and Salmonella are very difficult to tackle. The objective of the present study was to optimize nozzle designs that use ozone technology to bring out the best results in cleaning and sterilizing the kitchen utensils in Taylor’s University School of Hospitality kitchen area. This includes customization of the Medklinn International Sdn Bhd ozone machine and nozzle profiles that improve the effectiveness of ozone generated. Reduction or elimination of chemicals and water usage would be a part of the study. This will bring a huge impact on cost effectiveness, time saving and safety of the users. Return on investment (ROI) using ozone technology is calculated at the end of the research. To compare between the traditional way of cleaning and using ozone technology, the volume of water and dishwashing liquid used, and the Relative Light Units (RLU) before and after washing were recorded. The RLU numbers are found using the 3M Clean Trace measuring equipment. RLU was recorded to determine the cleanliness of the kitchen utensils before and after washing. It has been proved that ozone water with the accompaniment of the selected nozzle prototype is as efficient as the traditional way of cleaning.