Plasma Rich in Growth Factors in the Treatment of Endodontic Periapical Lesions in Adult Patients: Case Reports

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous blood concentrate obtained without anticoagulants by centrifugation of patients’ peripheral venous blood. PRF is considered to enhance the formation of new bone. The aim of this manuscript was to present two case reports of permanent teeth with closed apexes with periapical lesions, treated endodontically with the use of PRF. The root canals were mechanically cleaned and shaped with NiTi files and irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 40% citric acid (CA), and triple distillated water. Before the canal systems were obturated, A-PRF was used as a scaffold and was placed below the cementodentinal junction with hand pluggers. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the resolutions of periapical radiolucencies. After 6 months, the measurements of both periapical lesions were significantly reduced. Although the performed root canal treatments (RCTs) can definitely be recognized as successful, it must be emphasized that mechanical shaping and cleaning of the root canals with special disinfecting solutions significantly affect the clinical efficacy of RCT. It seems impossible to state that PRF played a leading role in the healing process of the presented periapical lesions. Further studies must be performed to assess whether RCT of mature teeth with an additional PRF application is superior to RCT performed alone.

Reduction of an in vitro Intraradicular Multispecies Biofilm Using Two Rotary Instrumentation Sequences

Objective The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect per se of two shaping and cleaning techniques on the reduction of an in vitro multispecies biofilm. Materials and Methods A total of 39 freshly extracted monoradicular teeth for periodontal reason were decoronated. Roots were sectioned longitudinally. After autoclaving, a specific stressed biofilm was grown on the root halves that were subsequently reassembled in a silicone index. Two treatments (n = 9 each)—RaCe (Schottlander; Letchworth Garden City, United Kingdom) and ProTaper Gold ( PTG; Dentsply Maillefer, Baillagues, Switzerland)—were tested; three noninstrumented samples served as a control group and three were rinsed with saline. Posttreatment samples were taken at three different levels of the root. Colony-forming units were counted after incubations. Additionally, three treatments (n = 5 each)—RaCe, PTG, and saline only—were evaluated under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was conducted using Tukey’s test and analysis of variance to evaluate the post-instrumentation bioburden. Results Both instrumentations were able to reduce the biofilm; however, differences were not present between them (p > 0.05). CLSM showed biofilm killing and disruption through mechanical shaping alone. Conclusions Intraradicular biofilm is reduced with mechanical shaping. There was no difference between RaCe and PTG systems in biofilm reduction despite differences in design, file sequence, and rotational speed.

The impact of composition dependent and process-related properties in the laser cutting of metallic glassy tapes

A short survey is reported on the advantageous and disadvantageous properties of soft magnetic glassy tapes to build stator and rotor elements for the increase of motor efficiency. The relative high saturation magnetization and the relative permeability of these alloy groups seem to be promising in this application field. On the other hand, the sample thickness (30 µm) displays limitations in terms of a filling factor. High hardness of tapes hinders the effectivity of mechanical shaping. Laser cutting can be successful as shaping method, presuming that the extension (thickness) of heat affected zone (HAZ) can be successfully reduced below 50µm, avoiding the brittleness evolution.

Research on Testing a Prototype of an Expandable Profile Liner in a Directional-Well Section in a High-Fidelity Laboratory Environment

Summary The application of an expandable profile liner (EPL) for leakage plugging in a directional section of deep and ultradeep wells is still at the exploratory stage. In this study, the finite–element software Abaqus (2014) is used to optimize the section of nominal diameter (Φ) 5⅞-in. (149.2-mm) EPL that can meet the plugging and strength requirements. The internal–pressure–limit test, crushing test, overall string–sealing experiment, and mechanical shaping experiment are performed, and the optimal welding procedure is developed. After the hydraulic–expansion and mechanical shaping process, the EPL is found to meet the design size and construction requirements. Simulating the trip-in and the expansion process at different reaming–wellbore diameters, with a comprehensive consideration of the expansion requirements and ensuring that the adhesion force effectively seals the EPL against the wellbore, it is better to set the diameter of the reaming wellbore to 6.889 in. (175 mm) with borehole curvature at 30°/98.42 ft (30°/30 m). Using the curved–steel tube to simulate the borehole curvature at 30°/98.42 ft (30°/30 m) with four different inclination–change and azimuth–change combinations, it is feasible to apply the EPL technology (EPLT) for the directional–well–section–leakage plugging when the inclination change or azimuth change is not too large.

Direction-specific fluorescence of an engineered organic crystal and the appearance of a new face caused by mechanically induced shaping

The directional fluorescence of a centimetre-scale organic crystal was successfully observed. Mechanical shaping caused a new face to appear in the cross section.

Occurrence of post-endodontic pain after single-visit RCT using Balanced Force technique and two reciprocating system when apical patency is maintained

Aim. The goal of this research was to relate the occurrence of post-endodontic pain after single-visit RCT using Balanced Force technique and two reciprocating system when AP is conserved. Methodology: Two hundred and sixteen of 245 patients aged 18-65 years were incorporated in this research. All patients had teeth selected for conventional RCT for prosthetic reasons detected with only vital pulps. For hand instrumentation, Balanced Force were used. All canals were clean and shaped with hand Flex-R files. For mechanical shaping, all instruments were prepared with Protaper Next and Reciproc instruments in continuous brushing and reciprocating mode respectively. Final irrigation with cold (8oC) 17% EDTA served as a lubricant. Results: The average age of the 216 participants registered in this research was 54 years. No statistically significant difference (p > .05) among the groups were found regarding degree or duration of pain. There was no statistically significant difference (p> .05) among the Balanced Force technique, PTN and R techniques in relation to the occurrence of post/endodontic ache at any of the three time points measured (Table 3, 4). Conclusions. The incidence of post-endodontic pain is lower when AP is maintained and presence/absence of pre-operative pain has to be consider. When previous symptoms are present, occurrence and period of pain is longer in teeth with this condition that when AP is maintained. It can be established that conserving AP with a thin K-file can help to prevent post-endodontic pain in some specific cases.

Assessment of Root Canal Enlargement Using Mtwo and BioRace Rotary Files

Objective. To evaluate root canal enlargement following mechanical shaping using 2 nickel titanium rotary systems.Material and Methods. Forty single-rooted teeth were immersed in resin and sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at 4, 8, and 12 mm from the apex. Digital capture of sections was performed before and after canal instrumentation using Mtwo and BioRace instruments. The area increase of endodontic space was calculated by subtraction.Results. The use of both instruments has allowed the removal of great amounts of dentin from the canal walls, even when the endodontic morphology is characterized by awkwardness to reach recesses.Conclusions. Both procedures seem to be valid and no differences were found between Mtwo and BioRaCe considering the amount of dentin removed at different distances from the apex.

Minimally Invasive Endodontic Management of a Maxillary Second Premolar with an S-shaped Root Canal using the Self-adjusting File

ABSTRACT The main objective of an endodontic treatment is thorough shaping and cleaning of the root canal system, with the aim to obtain a fluid tight seal by a biocompatible obturating material. Complex unusual root canal morphology is an often-occurring phenomenon. Knowledge and understanding the unusual root canal morphology predicts the successful outcome in endodontic treatment. One such variant root canal morphology is the ‘S’ shaped root canal. The self-adjusting file (SAF) is a hollow compressible file made up of nickel-titanium lattice. The new concept associated with the SAF is that it adapts itself to the anatomical shape of the root canal and performs mechanical shaping and chemical cleaning with continuous irrigation simultaneously. This case report discusses endodontic treatment of a maxillary second premolar with a ‘S’ shaped root canal and its successful management with the SAF. How to cite this article Pawar AM, Pawar MG, Kokate SR. Minimally Invasive Endodontic Management of a Maxillary Second Premolar with an S-shaped Root Canal using the Self-adjusting File. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(1):35-37.

Contemporary Approach in Successful Endodontic Intervention in ‘Radix Entomolaris’

ABSTRACT The main objective of successful endodontic therapy is thorough mechanical shaping and chemical cleaning of the entire root canal system followed by three-dimensional obturation. Variation of the root canal morphology especially in multirooted teeth is a constant challenge for diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. Mandibular molars can have an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolaris). An awareness and understanding of presence of additional root and unusual root canal morphology is essential as it determines the successful outcome of endodontic treatment. The present article focuses on the identification, access cavity modification and contemporary management of the distolingual root of mandibular 1st molars. How to cite this article Pawar AM, Kokate SR, Hegde VR. Contemporary Approach in Successful Endodontic Intervention in ‘Radix Entomolaris’. World J Dent 2013;4(3):208-213.