Real entropy rigidity under quasi-conformal deformations

We set up a real entropy function h R h_\Bbb {R} on the space M d ′ \mathcal {M}’_d of Möbius conjugacy classes of real rational maps of degree d d by assigning to each class the real entropy of a representative f ∈ R ( z ) f\in \Bbb {R}(z) ; namely, the topological entropy of its restriction f ↾ R ^ f\restriction _{\hat {\Bbb {R}}} to the real circle. We prove a rigidity result stating that h R h_\Bbb {R} is locally constant on the subspace determined by real maps quasi-conformally conjugate to f f . As examples of this result, we analyze real analytic stable families of hyperbolic and flexible Lattès maps with real coefficients along with numerous families of degree d d real maps of real entropy log ⁡ ( d ) \log (d) . The latter discussion moreover entails a complete classification of maps of maximal real entropy.

ON CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVITIES

The article discusses the possibility of mapping information on legal protection and ways that can be used in displaying information on human rights activities (when developing strategies to combat violations and abuses in the field of human rights; to display objects of interest to human rights de-fenders and people who seek help from human rights organizations; types of crime by region, etc.). The purpose of this work is to create symbols for legal protection maps and to create such maps. After analyzing the existing sites of legal protection, it is concluded that it is necessary to create thematic maps that convey legal protection information and best represent it using WEB technologies. They will make this information mobile and easily editable by non-cartographers. A classification of maps by content is proposed, which defines the place of maps with information on legal protection. As a result, a map is obtained, based on the developed symbols, showing the organizations of human rights activities.

CLASSIFICATION OF INTERACTIVE MAPS AS ONE OF THE TYPES OF INTERACTIVE INFOGRAPHICS

The article discusses the concept of an interactive map in the context of interactive infographics, provides a classification of maps, substantiates the use of this classification for interactive maps, and also proposes to apply a new classification basis – by the level of interactivity (low, medium and high), examples are given.

COGNITIVE ASPECT IN CARTOGRAPHY

The article analyzes the cognitive aspect in cartography, which is present when we talk about theoretical concepts of cartography development, functions of cartographic works, map language, etc. Judgments are made about the «cognitive ability» of two levels – primary (non-professional) and secondary (professional), cognitive activity and cognition (rational and sensory). As a result of the discussion of map functions, and in particular the cognitive function, the classification of maps by a new feature is proposed – by the predominant function. On the example of already published and published maps of cognitive orientation, the features of such maps are formed. Practical examples of cognitive maps that can form the basis for creating a cognitive cartographic model of the region are given. The research presented in the article is based on the methods of classical cartography, philosophical concepts: cognition and cognitive activity, and practical cartographic research, and also corresponds to a number of tasks formed in the State program «Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation» for 2019-2030, which indicates the relevance of the research topic.

Cartography and GIS

The textbook considers the basic concepts of cartography, the history of its development, as well as the classification of maps and the main elements of the map, the issues of mathematical cartography, the main stages of creating maps, the factors, types and methods of cartographic generalization. Separate sections of the manual are devoted to cartographic signs and methods of image on maps of thematic content, the development of cartographic scales and methods of use of maps in land management and cadastre. Separately, the issues of the functioning of geographical information systems (GIS): their composition, structure, technology for creating thematic maps in the GIS environment. The manual concludes with a section on GIS mapping for real estate cadastre, environmental protection and land monitoring, as well as recommendations on the choice of GIS and requirements for cartographic documentation of real estate cadastre. Recommended for students studying in the field of "land Management", "Land cadastre", "Urban cadastre".

Tourist maps – definition, types and contents

Tourist maps are one of the most common groups of cartographic documents. Their variety in terms of content, subject matter and publication titles is a result of growing popularity of diverse forms of tourism activity. The aim of the authors of this article is to demonstrate issues related to tourist maps, including their variety in relation to contemporary forms of tourism. As tourist maps are constantly developing, the authors decided to propose a classification of tourist maps which is adequate from the point of view of the types of maps we currently distinguish. Taking into consideration the aim and type of tourism, the maps were divided into the following sub-groups: maps for sightseeing tourism, qualified tourism, and other tourism, as well as tourist city maps, and maps prepared for promotion and advertising of tourism. The first there categories were further divided into more detailed sub-categories and each of them was described briefly in terms of its content. The classification of maps based on their scales and form of content presentation was also included. The authors attempted also to define the concept of “tourist map” itself. The authors defined it as a geographic representation of an area presented on a plane, in accordance with specific mathematical rules, which should include topographic contents, information about tourist attractions of a given area, its tourist and complementary infrastructure, presented with the help of conventional signs, in a matter appropriate for the scale of the map and its intended use. Contributing to the discussion on the place of tourist map in the general classification of maps, the article distinguishes not only general-geographic maps and thematic maps, but also orientation and navigation maps. This terms covered tourist maps, road maps, and navigation maps: sailing, sea, aerial and city maps. They consist a group of maps in which the functions they play determine their informational content and their form of cartographic presentation. However, unlike on thematic maps, where the general geographic content is merely a background for presentation of the theme-related phenomena, the geographic content is essential in case of tourist maps. It is precisely the general geographic content which is primarily responsible for communicating information which is meant to be used for orientation and navigation purposes.