Efektivitas getah batang betadine (Jatropha multifida L.) terhadap penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi pada tikus Sprague-DawleyEffectiveness of betadine (Jatropha multifida L.) stem sap on the wound healing after tooth extraction in Sprague-Dawley rats

Pendahuluan: Pencabutan gigi merupakan prosedur yang sering dilakukan di kedokteran gigi. Setelah pencabutan gigi akan dihasilkan suatu perlukaan. Proses penyembuhan luka dapat dipercepat pada kondisi tertentu. Salah satu bahan alami yang dapat membantu proses penyembuhan luka adalah getah tanaman betadine (Jatropha multifida L.). Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas getah tanaman betadine terhadap penyembuhan luka dan terhadap tanda-tanda infeksi pasca pencabutan gigi Metode: Desain penelitian studi eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group design menggunakan 30 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu convenience sampling. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan getah tanaman betadine dan kelompok kontrol diberikan asam traneksamat secara oral menggunakan sonde lambung. Tunggu selama 4 jam setelah pemberian getah tanaman betadine dan asam traneksamat. Anestesi pada tikus menggunakan ketamin 50 mg/kg berat badan secara intramuskular kemudian dilakukan pencabutan pada gigi tikus. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan melihat kriteria klinis pada hari 1,3,7 dan diperhatikan sampai luka sembuh serta lihat tanda-tanda infeksi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji normalitasShapiro Wilik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data berdistribusi tidak normal. Analisis data dilanjutkan menggunakan uji statistik mann whitney. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan penyembuhan luka soket pasca pencabutan gigi setelah diberikan getah betadine dan asam traneksamat dengan nilai p=0,037 (p<0,005). Simpulan: Pemberian getah tanaman betadine terbukti lebih efektif terhadap proses penyembuhan luka soket pasca pencabutan gigi dibandingkan dengan pemberian asam traneksamat. Kata kunci: tikus Sprague-Dawley; penyembuhan luka; pencabutan gigi; getah batang betadine ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tooth extraction is a procedure often performed in dentistry. Tooth extraction will always cause injuries. However, the wound healing process can be accelerated under certain conditions. One of the natural ingredients that can accelerate the wound healing process is betadine (Jatropha multifida L.) plant sap. The study was aimed to analyzed the effect of betadine plant sap on wound healing and signs of infection after tooth extraction. Methods: Experimental laboratory study design with post-test only control group design was conducted towards 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. The sampling technique was convenience sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group was administered with betadine plant sap, and the control group was administered with tranexamic acid orally using a gastric probe, then waited 4 hours after. The anaesthesia was then performed using 50 mg/kg body weight of ketamine intramuscularly. The extraction was performed after. Observations was conducted at the clinical criteria on days 1, 3, and 7 and continue to be monitored until the wound heals. Then, the signs of infection were observed. Data analysis was carried out using the Shapiro Wilk normality test. The results showed that the data was not normally distributed. Thus, data analysis was continued using the Mann Whitney statistical test. Results: The results showed a significant difference in the healing of socket wounds after tooth extraction after being administered with betadine sap and tranexamic acid with a value of p=0.037 (p<0.005). Conclusions: Administration of betadine plant sap is proven to be more effective in accelerating the healing process of socket wounds after tooth extraction than tranexamic acid. Keywords: Sprague-Dawley rats; wound healing; pencabutan gigi; getah batang betadine

Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do látex da Jatropha multifida L.

Jatropha multifida L., conhecida popularmente como mertiolate, é um arbusto, cujas flores vermelhas com anteras amareladas, parecem pequenas peças de coral e caule com presença de látex. É usada na medicina popular para tratar diversas afecções, como feridas infectadas, úlceras e dermatoses. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a atividade antimicrobiana do látex in natura e liofilizado da J. multifida. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa, do tipo experimental. O látex foi coletado no município de Igreja Nova – Alagoas, utilizando-se o método de sangria, em que se realizou cortes oblíquos no caule, obtendo-se o extrato in natura. Já para obtenção do extrato em pó, utilizou-se a liofilização do material in natura. Para avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana foi empregado o método de microdiluição em caldo para determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), seguido de plaqueamento em ágar para obtenção da Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) dos extratos frente aos microrganismos padronizados pela American Type Culture Collection – ATCC: S. aureus (25923) S. epidermidis (31488), E. faecalis (29212), P. aeruginosa (27853), E. coli (25922), E. aerogenes (13048) e Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM) para C. albicans (24433). Os resultados apontaram que ambos os extratos do látex da J. multifida apresentaram uma atividade antimicrobiana moderada contra a maioria das cepas bacterianas testadas e uma atividade fúngica fraca frente a C. albicans, com destaque para o extrato liofilizado. Conclui-se que os extratos foram mais promissores contra as cepas de S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis e P. aeruginosa, abrindo possibilidades para evolução de estudos complementares.

Jatroidaine A: a New Tetranortirucallane Type Triterpene from Jatropha multifida

Jatroidaine A (1), a new tetranortirucallane-type triterpene, and two known analogues (2−3) were isolated from the leaves and branches of Jatropha multifida. Their structures were fully elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and comparison to known compounds. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitory activities. Unfortunately, no significant activity was observed.

Skrining fitokimia pada tanaman penyembuh luka di Lombok Timur

The ethnomedicinal study which conducted in East Lombok revealed 5 potentially plants that have wound healing properties (Jatropha multifida L., Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl, Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd, and Angelica keiskei). The five plants have been no further research related to the presence of compounds that have activity in wound healing. This study aims to screen the plants secondary metabolites from above plants. The sample was maserated with 96% solvent methanol. The viscous extract was determined by physical characterization including consistency and color as well as chemical characterization, namely the phytochemical screening test. The results showed that the five plants contained flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and steroids, except for Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl showed negative results for saponins and Angelica keiskei showed negative results for steroid compounds. Keywords: phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, wound healing herbs, East Lombok

Effectivity of Jatropha multifida L. Leaves Extract as Antibacterial on Streptococcus mutans using In Vitro Testing Methods

Intoduction: Health is the condition of the entire body and body parts of an individual who is free from disease both physically, mentally and socially, thus enabling the individual to be able to carry out daily activities more productively. However, many people neglect their own health, especially in the field of dental and oral health. Caries is one of the most common oral and dental problems. The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia is high, namely 88.8%. Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans bacteria which plays a role in the conversion of sucrose to lactic acid. Infection due to Streptococcus mutans bacteria can be treated by taking antibiotics. Apart from drugs, antibiotics can also be obtained from natural ingredients, one of which is the tintir castor plant (Jatropha multifida Linn) or commonly known as the betadine. Objective: To see the effect of the antibacterial content of tintir leaves against Streptococcus mutans bacteria and to determine the differences in the antibacterial effect of betadine leaf extract (Jatropha multifida L.) from a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The type of research used in this study was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test-only control group design as the research design and to test the sensitivity of bacteria using the paper disc diffusion test. Data analysis using One-Way ANOVA. Result: The results of this study indicate the effect of tintir castor leaf extract (Jatropha multifida L.) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria.

Phytochemical analysis and in vitro screening of antifungal activity of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves extract

The research study was to understudy the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical compounds and antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Mitracarpus scaber leaves against 12 species of fungi. The 8 phytochemical compounds tested were saponin, phenol, tannin, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoid, alkaloid and glycoside. The antifungi sensitivity test was analysed by Kirby-bauer disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was analysed by broth tube dilution method followed by subculturing the relative samples. The plant extracts were prepared in the concentration range of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50,100 and 200 mg/ml. The antifungal sensitivity test showed that Jatropha multifida (200mg/ml) was weakly effective against Fusarium solani and resistant against others. Occimum gratissimum, Euphorbia hirta and Mitracarpus scaber at (200mg/ml) respectively was highly effective on most of the fungi species tested with zone of inhibition of 10-20mm. Jatropha multifida had MIC and MFC (>200mg/ml), Occimum gratissimum had MIC and MFC (100 and >100mg/ml), Euphorbia hirta (25-200 and 50 - >200mg/ml) and Mitracarpus scaber had (25 - 100 and 50-200mg/ml) on most test isolates respectively. Investigations showed, Mitracarpus scaber were highly effective, followed by Euphorbia hirta, Occimum gratissimum and Jatropha multifida on the test organisms and could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical compounds and as such can be harnessed and used as a source of alternative medicine especially in the tropics like the South-eastern Nigeria.

Biological activities: anti-infectious, antioxidant and healing of the vegetable species Jatropha multifida

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the biological activities of interest to the health of Jatropha multifida plant species in published scientific literature. Methods: this is an integrative review, with searches between May and June 2019, using the descriptors, combined through the Boolean operator AND, Jatropha multifida, anti-infective agents, wound healing, cytotoxicity and antioxidants, in LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, SciFinder, Web of Science and Scopus databases and in the virtual libraries SciELO and ScienceDirect. Results: twelve publications were retrieved that showed nine biological activities. The antioxidant activity was reported in 04 (33.33%) studies; antimicrobial and anticancer, addressed by 03 (25%) and 02 (16.66%); anti-inflammatory, anti-melanin deposition, healing, antiophidic, purgative and anti-influenza, seen in 01 (8.33%) each. Final considerations: although scarce, the published scientific production highlights the biological potential of J. multifida and supports the need for further studies.