Half-Graphs, Other Non-stable Degree Sequences, and the Switch Markov Chain

One of the simplest methods of generating a random graph with a given degree sequence is provided by the Monte Carlo Markov Chain method using switches. The switch Markov chain converges to the uniform distribution, but generally the rate of convergence is not known. After a number of results concerning various degree sequences, rapid mixing was established for so-called P-stable degree sequences (including that of directed graphs), which covers every previously known rapidly mixing region of degree sequences. In this paper we give a non-trivial family of degree sequences that are not P-stable and the switch Markov chain is still rapidly mixing on them. This family has an intimate connection to Tyshkevich-decompositions and strong stability as well.

The Neutro-Stability Analysis of Neutrosophic Cubic Sets with Application in Decision Making Problems

The neutrosophic cubic sets (NCSs) attained attraction of many researchers in the current time, so the need to discuss and study their stability was felt. Thus, in this article, we discuss the three types of stability of NCSs such as truth-stability, indeterminacy-stability, and falsity-stability. We define the left (resp., right) truth-left evaluative set, left (resp., right) indeterminacy-evaluative set, and left (resp., right) falsity-evaluative set. A new notion of stable NCSs, partially stable NCSs, and unstable NCSs is defined. We observe that every NCS needs not to be a stable NCS but each stable NCS must be an NCS, i.e., every internal NCS is a stable NCS but an external NCS may or may not be a stable NCS. We also discuss some conditions under which the left and right evaluative points of an external NCS becomes a neutrosophic bipolar fuzz set. We have provided the condition under which an external NCS becomes stable. Moreover, we discuss the truth-stable degree, indeterminacy-stable degree, and falsity-stable degree of NCSs. We have also defined an almost truth-stable set, almost indeterminacy-stable set, almost falsity-stable set, almost partially stable set, and almost stable set with examples. Application of stable NCSs is given with a numerical example at the end.

Influence of Plasma Heating on the Metallurgical Effects of a Continuous Casting Tundish

Steel products have experienced long-standing problems such as unstable product quality and low product homogeneity. In the continuous casting process, realizing constant-temperature pouring is an effective way to improve product homogeneity. Plasma heating can compensate for the temperature drop during casting with a tundish and maintain a stable degree of superheating of the molten steel in the tundish. Plasma heating has a certain impact on the cleanliness of the molten steel and on the tundish covering flux in the tundish while compensating for the temperature drop. This paper uses SEM-EDS, XRD and FactSage to analyze the cleanliness of molten steel and the characteristics of the tundish covering flux before and after plasma heating. The results show that the number density of inclusions in the tundish is significantly lower after heating, improving the floating removal of small-sized inclusions; after heating, the surface morphology of the tundish covering flux sample appears transparent and glassy, with uniform morphology. XRD results show that the tundish covering flux after plasma heating exhibits no crystal precipitation and is amorphous and that there is a certain regularity before and after heating; there are no obvious changes in the composition of the tundish covering flux in the liquid phase area.

Physico-chemical properties of N-Benzyloyl-N '-(8-Chinolylsulfonil)hydrazine

Physico-chemical properties of N-Benzyloyl-N '-(8-Chinolylsulfonil)hydrazine The article presents the results of a study of the physicochemical properties of N-benzyloyl -N '-(8-quinolylsulfonyl)hydrazine (BCHS). Using the methods of spectrophotometry, refractometry and gravimetry, the solubility of the reagent in the following solvents was studied: ethanol, 0.1 M KOH solution, toluene, chloroform, hexane. Based on the results, it was shown that BCHS can be used in flotation and extraction processes. The acid-base equilibria in the reagent solutions were investigated. The spectrophotometric method yielded the values of the acid dissociation constants (pKa1 = 12.72 ± 0.35, pKa2 = 14.99 ± 0.29). The stability of BCSG to hydrolysis in alkaline media was studied by spectrophotometric method. It is shown that for four hours the reagent is quite stable; degree of hydrolysis from 3 to 8%. The stalagmometric method determined the surface activity of BCHS. It has been established that the reagent is not a surfactant.

The Moving Missions of Community Colleges: An Examination of Degree-Granting Profiles Over Time

Objective: Despite extensive debate about the curricular mission of community colleges, prior research has not sufficiently analyzed differences in the kinds of degrees (i.e., the field of study and award level) community colleges produce. Therefore, we explore both the fields of study and the levels at which public community colleges grant degrees and analyze how this has changed over time. Method: Multilevel latent class analysis is used here to estimate latent degree-granting profiles, and colleges are allocated into the profiles based on their observed degree-granting behaviors from 1987 to 2012. Results: The analysis shows that public community colleges can be allocated into five distinct degree-granting profiles over the period of study. A small minority of colleges have and continue to engage almost exclusively in a vocational mission. The two degree profiles that increased in prominence over time suggest an overall shift toward the simultaneous pursuit of transfer and vocational missions. However, a majority of colleges (68%) exhibited stable degree-granting behaviors between 1987 and 2012, indicating a relatively high level of stability in degree-granting patterns across community colleges during this period. Contribution: These patterns highlight variation across colleges and both stability and change within institutions over time. This suggests that public community colleges are simultaneously situated in strong institutional and technical environments and, thus, are subject to constraints and incentives that shape not only their stated policies but also their actual degree-granting behaviors.

Graduate Training at the Interface of Computational and Experimental Biology: An Outcome Report from a Partnership of Volunteers between a University and a National Laboratory

Leading voices in the biological sciences have called for a transformation in graduate education leading to the PhD degree. One area commonly singled out for growth and innovation is cross-training in computational science. In 1998, the University of Tennessee (UT) founded an intercollegiate graduate program called the UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology in partnership with the nearby Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Here, we report outcome data that attest to the program’s effectiveness in graduating computationally enabled biologists for diverse careers. Among 77 PhD graduates since 2003, the majority came with traditional degrees in the biological sciences, yet two-thirds moved into computational or hybrid (computational–experimental) positions. We describe the curriculum of the program and how it has changed. We also summarize how the program seeks to establish cohesion between computational and experimental biologists. This type of program can respond flexibly and dynamically to unmet training needs. In conclusion, this study from a flagship, state-supported university may serve as a reference point for creating a stable, degree-granting, interdepartmental graduate program in computational biology and allied areas.