Impacted leopard tooth in thyroid gland of victim in a case of leopard attack – A case report

Attacks by wild animals on humans are not rare in India. Most of the cases are seen in rural areas and areas adjoining forest lands. The nature of the attack may be predatory or defensive. The main culprit for this is deforestation and encroachment of humans into the natural habitats of wild animals. Wild animal attacks can cause very severe injuries, including lacerations, fractures, and vascular injuries, and are often associated with high rates of mortality. Treatment depends on the type and nature of the injury. Those who survive the initial attack often succumb to infection and septicemia during the early hospital stay. Psychiatric complications are also common in survivors. We present the case of a 70-year-old man, who was attacked by a leopard. He sustained a few lacerated bite injuries to the neck and was treated at North Bengal Medical College and Hospital. A computed tomography scan of the neck revealed a tooth of the animal impacted in the thyroid gland of the patient. The patient is currently receiving treatment for deranged thyroid function, and awaiting normalization of the same, to get anesthetic fitness for surgical removal of the tooth. Treating surgeons must be well aware of the patterns of injuries and their treatment in cases of animal attack injuries. In-depth clinical and radiological investigations are of utmost importance to find out occult injuries that may become life-threatening. A standardized treatment protocol needs to be developed for the treatment of wild animal attack victims. There is a need to extend health care into the remote areas of the nation, for early treatment of such cases.

Effectiveness of Crop Assurance Methods of Various Smart Crop Protection Systems

Crop damage due to the animal attack is one among the the principle dangers in diminishing the crop yield. The farm areas near the forest edges are unmistakably suffering from the wild animal attacks.. This surveys various methods used in many application for crop Security to redirect animal interruptions in the crop field. Most of these models in the crop field are outfitted with PIR sensors, sound creating gadgets, light flashers and some equipment module. For early discovery of the animal at the edge of the ranch interruption location framework should be introduced. Animal section at the homestead limit can be distinguished by certain hubs fixed at the limit and can be imparted to the focal base station. The progression of the center point commencement is zone based, time based and closeness based. On accepting this data the hubs inside the region of the animal actuates the hindering devices and diverts the animal far away from the area.

A tribrid Paradigm against Inundation wild animal attack and fire disasters

In recent years the whole world witnessed several natural and manmade disasters. 2015 Earthquake in Nepal and India with 7.8 magnitudes which killed 9000 people and injured 22000 as per Government Records. 2018 Flood in North Korea left 10,700 people as per the report of International Federation of Red Cross (IFRC) and Wikipedia. Floods in India 2018, killed more than 300 in the state of Kerala. 2016, Forest fire in Uttarakhand, India burnt 10,000 acres of Forest area. In between April 2014 – May 2017, 1,144 people killed by wild animals as per the report of Indian Environment Ministry (IEM). All the reports stated above represents indications that regardless of several advancements and technical skill development to disaster management is not considered efficiently worldwide. There are plenty of disasters which could be taken care of much efficiently and wisely. If we see the disasters like flood, fire and animal attack we can easily notice that they are manageable to much extent with expert technical advancements. Our paper is about the disaster management of the tribrid series (Flood, Fire, Wild Animal Attack) with the eminent usage of technology. We create a flood sensing unit, a fire detection unit, and a wild animal detection unit with the help of sensors and we create the alert and remedial action unit to protect the common men from sub disasters. We use Embedded and IOT technologies together to provide worldwide coverage and accurate detection of the calamities.

Reply to: Charlier et al. 2018. Mudslide and/or animal attack are more plausible causes and circumstances of death for AL 288 (‘Lucy’): a forensic anthropology analysis. Medico-Legal Journal 86(3) 139–142, 2018

The Pliocene hominin fossil ‘Lucy’ (A.L. 288-1, Australopithecus afarensis) was discovered in the Afar region of Ethiopia in 1974 and dates to 3.18 million years in age. In Kappelman et al.,1 we presented the results of a detailed investigation of the skeleton that for the first time identified and described unusual bone-into-bone compressive fractures at several of the major long bone joints. Using multiple criteria, we concluded that these fractures are more likely to be perimortem than postmortem in nature. We next evaluated a number of possible mechanisms that could have produced these fractures and, on the basis of all of the evidence, hypothesised that a fall from considerable height, likely out of a tree, with its resulting vertical deceleration event, most closely matched the pattern of fractures preserved in the skeleton and was also the probable cause of death. Charlier et al. disagree with our approach and hypothesis, and instead present what they consider to be better evidence supporting two of the other possible mechanisms for breakage that we also investigated, a mudslide/flood, or an animal attack. We here show that the evidence presented by Charlier et al. is incorrectly interpreted, and that these two alternative hypotheses are less likely to be responsible for the fractures.

Bear Maul Injury in Maxillofacial Region: A Case Report

Face, has always been the point of attraction in a person’s physique, any disfigurement of that, caused either due to any sort of trauma or by animal attack, would lead to not only functional impairment but also severe psychological disturbance. The reasons for these injuries may vary from one country to another and even within the same country. Injuries due to bear mauling are most commonly seen in rural areas, but in developing countries like ours, stripping the wildlife of their natural habitation brings them close to more populated areas in the search of food. Increase in tourism may be another cause of these types of injuries. We herein report a rare presentation of bear maul injury in adult patient in maxillofacial region, and the purpose of this clinical report is to discuss the increase in incidence of such injuries and its subsequent management.

Citizen reporting of wildlife interactions can improve impact-reduction programs and support wildlife carers

Context Wildlife can be injured or orphaned through a range of (often anthropogenic) activities, creating need for volunteer rescuers and wildlife carers, of which a substantial number is active in Australia. However, the causes and contributing factors for rescued wildlife are rarely reported, which limits development of response options to these wildlife issues. An understanding of the distribution and number of rescuers and carers in relation to injured and orphaned wildlife allows training and outreach to be targeted around specific seasonal peaks, species and causes of injury. Aims and methods We conducted an analysis of 22723 reports over 7 years to the Bonorong Wildlife Rescue Service in Tasmania, Australia, to determine the frequency of species and types of human–wildlife interaction, the report distances from the central facility, and the report distribution relative to the registered rescuer and carer networks. Key results Mammals accounted for over half of all reports, followed by birds, reptiles and invertebrates. Road trauma was the predominant cause for report, followed by orphans. Disease reports and animal attack were also common. Overall, reporting was highest in late spring and summer, but different seasonality in specific causes and species suggests that targeted response options are needed at different times of year. Areas with higher reporting relative to the number of registered rescuers and carers show where volunteer recruitment can be focussed. Conclusions We used a wildlife reporting dataset to illustrate trends (such as seasonality and species vulnerability) and causes of human–wildlife interaction to inform potential response options. Implications Continued citizen reporting can assist wildlife managers to allocate resources, plan training or recruit additional volunteers, track emerging issues, such as disease and climate-related stressors, and guide the planning of public education and mitigation initiatives, particularly for human-related wildlife issues.