A Data Mining Perspective of XRF Elemental Analysis from Pueblo People’s Pottery

Hierarchical clustering was used to identify elemental signatures in artifacts attributed to the Pueblo peoples. The artifacts in this study are pottery samples found at different sites in the state of New Mexico, USA. Three methods were applied: complete, average, and Ward. Their corresponding cophenetic correlation coefficients were used to contrast the three methods. Elemental characterization was only based on X-ray fluorescence excitation from a portable spectrometer with the silver anode. The elemental correlations here disclosed by data mining techniques are expected to guide further archaeological studies and assist experts in the assessment of provenance and historical ethnographic studies. XRF elemental analysis

Heat generation and side milling stability of titanium alloy

In this paper, the thermal generation and milling stability of titanium alloy during machining are investigated mainly. A new definition of processing behavior is given based on the principles of minimization, entity expression and combination, and a model of side milling behavior is constructed. Through a series of side milling orthogonal experiments on Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, the cutting forces under different process parameters are obtained. Further, the cutting force coefficients of the model is calculated by the complete average algorithm and the peak average algorithm, and the milling stability of the system is analyzed by a stability lobe diagram. The results show that the different cutting parameters have important influences on the milling stability of titanium alloy.

Profile of blood donors who presented adverse reactions to the donation

ABSTRACT Objective: identify the adverse reactions presented by blood donors and outline their sociodemographic profile. Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional retrospective study of 780 records of blood donors from a public hemocenter in the southern region of Brazil, from December 2015 to January 2016. For the analysis the descriptive statistics was used. Results: it was identified that throughout 12 months, the total blood donors corresponded to 27,300 people, in which 780 developed at least one reaction. They were characterized by female and recurrent donors, single, with a complete average level of education, ranging from 16 to 30 years, who triggered between 1 and 3 reactions. Mild reactions were more frequent, followed by moderate and severe reactions. Conclusion: There is a high rate of adverse reactions from donors emphasizing the need for changes in hemotherapy care practices.

Nitrogen transformations and mass balance in an integrated constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater

Nitrogen (N) transformations and removal in integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) are often high, but the contributions of various pathways, including nitrification/denitrification, assimilation by plants and sediment storage, remain unclear. This study quantified the contributions of different N removal pathways in a typical multi-celled ICW system treating domestic wastewater. Findings showed near complete average total N retention of circa 95% at 102.3 g m−2 yr−1 during the 4-year period of operation. Variations in total N and NH4–N removal rates were associated with effluent flow volume rates and seasons. According to the mass balance estimation, assimilation by plants and sediment/soil storage accounted for approximately 23% and 20%, respectively, of the total N load removal. These were the major N removal route besides microbial transformations. Thus, the combination of plants with high biomass production offer valuable opportunities for improving ICW performance. The retrieval and use of sequestered N in the ICW sediment/soils require coherent management and provide innovative and valuable opportunities.

KNOWLEDGE OF THE POPULATION RECIFE ABOUT HEALTH SURVEILLANCE

RESUMOO objetivo geral desse estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, foi avaliar o conhecimento da população do Recife (PE) sobre a Vigilância Sanitária. A amostra, do tipo intencional, de 220 pessoas alfabetizadas, com idade entre 18 e 65 anos, responderam um questionário no mês de julho de 2006, após o projeto de pesquisa ter sido aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Agamenon Magalhães. Os dados foram analisados e organizados em tabelas e gráficos, procedendo a discussão de acordo com a literatura. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria da amostra tinha entre 18 e 25 anos, era do gênero feminino, solteira, tinha o ensino médio completo, renda mensal entre um e três salários mínimos, composta por estudantes e residentes em Casa Amarela. Quanto à definição da Vigilância Sanitária, 54% souberam defini-la e 91% referiram não ter recebido nenhuma informação sobre a mesma. Dentre as ações descritas sobre a Vigilância Sanitária foram consideradas as mais importantes: a fiscalizadora (74%), a educativa (37%) e preventiva (33%). Para que as ações da Vigilância Sanitária sejam efetivadas faz-se necessário a colaboração dos profissionais de saúde junto à comunidade no repasse de informações através de ações educativas.Descritores: Vigilância Sanitária; Prevenção; Educação, Saúde.ABSTRACTThe objective general of this descriptive exploratory study, from quantitative boarding, was to evaluate the knowledge of the Recife population about the Health Surveillance. The intentional not probabilistic sample was composed by 220 persons with complete average education, from 18 to 65 years age, had answered a questionnaire July 2006. The data had been analyzed and organized in tables and figures, proceeding the discussion in accordance with literature. The results has demonstrated that the majority of the sample had from 18 to 25 years old, single, female gender, had complete average education, with one to three minimum wages, composed for students and residents at Casa Amarela district. As for Health Surveillance definition, 54% had known define it and 91% didn’t have received any information about it. Amongst the described actions about Health Surveillance had been considered most important: fiscalization (74%), educative (37%) and the preventive (33%). So that the Health Surveillance actions are accomplished become necessary the health professional contribution next to community in give some information through educative actions. Descriptors: Sanitary monitoring; Prevention; Education; Health.RESUMENEl objetivo general de este estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, fue evaluar el conocimiento de la población de Recife sobre el control médico. La muestra no probabilística, intencional, fue compuesta por 220 personas con educación media completa, edad entre 18 a 65 años. Han contestado un cuestionario en julio de 2006, una vez que el estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética del hospital. Los datos habían sido analizados y organizados en tablas y figuras, procediendo de acuerdo con la literatura. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría tenía entre 18 a 25 años, sexo femenino, educación media completa, con ingreso mensual entre uno a tres salarios mínimos, compuestos por estudiantes y residentes en el districto de Casa Amarela. En cuanto a la definición del control médico, el 54% supo definirlo y el 91% no habían recibido ninguna información sobre él. Entre las acciones descritas sobre control médico han sido consideradas: fiscalización (74%), educativas (37%) y preventivas (33%). Para lograr que las acciones del Control Médico sean efectivas se hace necesario que los profesionales de salud colaboren junto a la comunidad en el repaso de información con acciones educativas. Descriptores: Supervisión sanitaria; Prevención; Educación; Salud.

A Two-Load Method of Determining the Average True Stress-Strain Curve in Tension

The author describes a method, developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, whereby the complete average true stress-strain curve in tension may be determined for a material from the beginning of yielding to fracture under ordinary testing speeds by the observation during the test of only two loads applied to a tapered specimen, namely, the maximum and fracture loads. Diameters at various positions along tapered specimens are measured before and after the test, and stress and reduction-of-area values computed from these observations.