Three new hosts for Phytophthora ramorum confirmed in Washington State: Salal, Oregon grape, and red huckleberry

Salal (Gaultheria shallon), Oregon grape (Berberis aquifolium), and red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium) are common shrubs in the understory of northwestern forests and are ecologically, culturally and economically important to the region. They are also sold in nurseries for use in ornamental landscapes and ecological restoration. These plant species were symptomatic for Phytophthora in nursery surveys in Washington State between 2011-2015. Symptoms observed on these three hosts resembled those of foliar Phytophthora infection on other woody broadleaf plants. The nursery plants were positive for P. ramorum and Koch’s postulates were completed on potted plants of the three host species, illustrating their potential as a pathway of spread from nurseries to wildlands. We recommend these three hosts be added to the USDA-APHIS regulated host list, which will aid in the effort to prevent movement of P. ramorum into new areas.

Occurrence of Lipoptena mazama and Lipoptena guimaraesi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) on gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) in southern Brazil

The genus Lipoptena includes hematophagous insects of the family Hippoboscidae that parasitize different deer species. The present study aims to identify 19 flies that parasitize deer of the genus Mazama in the State of Paraná, Brazil. We analyzed 18 flies (Lipoptena mazamae) and 1 Lipoptena guimaraesi. This study expands the host list for L. guimaraesi, previously restricted to a single deer species (Ozotoceros bezoarticus).

Argulus elongatus (Branchiura, Argulidae) in fish in the upper São Francisco river, Brazil

Among 164 fish from the upper São Francisco river, caught in the Três Marias reservoir (18º 12’ 59” S; 45º 17’ 34” W) or downstream from this reservoir (18º 12’ 32” S; 45º 15’ 41” W) in 2007, 2008, 2016 and 2017, four specimens of Argulus elongatus Heller, 1857 were found, one specimen per fish, in the following host species: Brycon orthotaenia Günther (two fish parasitized out of 38 examined) and Salminus hilarii Valenciennes (one fish parasitized out of 45 examined) (both in Bryconidae); and Metynnis lippincottianus (Cope) (one fish parasitized out of 81 examined) (Serrasalmidae). This opportunistic ectoparasite deserves attention even in the case of low infestation in fish in a natural water system. This is the first record of a branchiuran species in B.orthotaenia; the host list of A.elongatus is extended through addition of the three fish species examined in this study, and the known Brazilian geographical distribution of this argulid is enlarged to the São Francisco river basin.

Is Peniculus Fistula Fistula Nordmann, 1832 Reported On Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 From Turkey? Updated Data with Further Comments And Considerations

53 striped surmullet, Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei, Mullidae), were collected from the Marmara Sea, Turkey and examined for metazoan parasites in July 2017. The parasitic copepod, Peniculus fistula fistula Nordmann, 1832 (Pennellidae), was collected from all the hosts, both on fins and body surface. This is the second report of this copepod in Turkish marine waters. Although Peniculus fistula fistula was reported for the first time on Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 by Öktener (2008), there was an indefiniteness and doubt about the occurrence of this parasite. This study aimed to confirm occurrence of Peniculus fistula fistula in Turkey and to present revised host list with comments.

Implikasi standar program siaran pada tayangan edukasi dan artistik TVRI Jawa Barat

Penelitian Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia membuat Pedoman Perilaku Penyiaran dan Standar Program Siaran (P3SPS). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat implikasi dan dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh tayangan televisi dua program acra Sapa Mania Legend dan Dunia Anak yang tayang di TVRI Jawa Barat yang terkait dengan kesesuaian P3SPS. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi di lapangan. Program acara Sapa Mania Legend merupakan program musik dimana 6 lagu tahun 90-an diputarkan live dan disajikan host. List judul lagu yang akan diputarkan satu minggu sebelumnya dimunculkan di-Facebook, dan saat live, pemirsa memilih lagu yang ingin diputarkan melalui telepon interaktif. Implikasi P3SPS program Sapa Mania Legend secara dampak sosial menggunakan model komunikasi stimulus respons membawa pengaruh signifikan terhadap masyarakat melalui distribusi sosial dari pengetahuan yang didapat. Pada program Dunia Anak salah satu program artistik yang diproduksi dan ditayangkan secara live-recording atau rekaman mempunyai efek menguntungkan. Tayangan ini sebagai persyaratan basis untuk interaksi sosial dan sosialisasi awal anak-anak dalam jangka panjang; mempelajari dunia, sikap dan perilaku lebih luas; mempelajari perilaku prososial; efek pendidikan; membantu membentuk identitas; membangun imajinasi. Implikasi kedua program acara ini dapat mengajarkan norma dan nilai melalui imbalan dan hukuman simbolik untuk berbagai jenis perilaku yang disajikan. Rekomendasi untuk kedua program ini pada proses pembuatan program harus lebih jeli dalam penerapannya agar layak konsumsi masyarakat ketika ditayangkan yang dapat mempengaruhi pola pikir khalayak ramai. Selain itu TVRI Jawa Barat diharapkan mampu mensosialisasikan literasi media dan juga berperan sebagai pedoman penyiaran bagi lembaga-lembaga penyiaran lainnya serta masyarakat.

On some Afrotropical species of Aloencyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): parasitoids of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae)

Six new species of the encyrtid genus Aloencyrtus Prinsloo are described: A. alox sp. n., A. habrus sp. n., A. hardii sp. n., A. johani sp. n., A. lindae sp. n. and A. vivo sp. n.; three new synonyms are proposed: A. ingens (Annecke) syn. n. under A. coelops (Waterston), A. niloticus (Compere) syn. n. under A. obscuratus (Waterston) and A. vitripennis (Annecke) syn. n. under A. claripennis (Compere); diagnoses are provided for the 13 previously described Afrotropical species in addition to a key for the separation of females of the 19 species of the genus now known from the region; a parasitoid-host list is given.

Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ectophasiopsis Townsend, 1915 (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae)

The monotypic Neotropical genus Ectophasiopsis Townsend, 1915 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Phasiinae) is revised, with the addition of two species (one new and another transferred species), and a redefinition of the genus, accompanied by photographs and drawings of specimens and male terminalia. A new combination is proposed, Ectophasiopsis gradata (Wiedemann, 1830) comb. nov., previously Trichopoda Berthold, 1827, and a new species Ectophasiopsis ypiranga sp. nov. is described. A key for the genera of the “Trichopoda typica” subgroup sensu Sabrosky (1950), as well as a key to species of Ectophasiopsis is given. The geographical range of the genus and the host list are updated.