The "ugly" TTC subway map (and how it ruins your mood and movement in the city) : a case study and redesign

The TTC subway was built in 1949 to resolve the traffic issues of that era, issues that have only since intensified. At the time, any underground transportation system was an impressive accomplishment in design, engineering, construction, and city planning. Today, those same accomplishments—left to stagnate, age, and become overburdened—have become outdated and—measured against contemporary designs—sometimes even ridiculed. As the TTC continues trying to expand its infrastructure to meet the demands of a growing urban population, its progress leaves much to be desired—past decisions made without the foresight of urbanization, globalization, and technological innovation are being revealed to be inadequate. What we are left with is a face lift and hair extensions for a transit system that actually needs a brain transplant and genetic modification. But while this Major Research Project acknowledges the infrastructural inadequacies of Toronto’s TTC metro system, the focus here will specifically be on the TTC’s transit maps, branding, and graphic design which itself, I will argue, has not aged gracefully and is in serious need of an update—one that responds to and satisfies the needs of today’s mobile, increasingly design-savvy, and digitally connected citizens. Keywords: subway, map, representation, branding, wayfinding

The "ugly" TTC subway map (and how it ruins your mood and movement in the city) : a case study and redesign

The TTC subway was built in 1949 to resolve the traffic issues of that era, issues that have only since intensified. At the time, any underground transportation system was an impressive accomplishment in design, engineering, construction, and city planning. Today, those same accomplishments—left to stagnate, age, and become overburdened—have become outdated and—measured against contemporary designs—sometimes even ridiculed. As the TTC continues trying to expand its infrastructure to meet the demands of a growing urban population, its progress leaves much to be desired—past decisions made without the foresight of urbanization, globalization, and technological innovation are being revealed to be inadequate. What we are left with is a face lift and hair extensions for a transit system that actually needs a brain transplant and genetic modification. But while this Major Research Project acknowledges the infrastructural inadequacies of Toronto’s TTC metro system, the focus here will specifically be on the TTC’s transit maps, branding, and graphic design which itself, I will argue, has not aged gracefully and is in serious need of an update—one that responds to and satisfies the needs of today’s mobile, increasingly design-savvy, and digitally connected citizens. Keywords: subway, map, representation, branding, wayfinding

Brain Transplant and Personal Identity

Should Christians support the view that one’s psychological continuity is the main criterion of personal identity? Is the continuity of one’s brain or memory states necessary and sufficient for the identicalness of the person? This paper investigates the plausibility of the psychological continuity theory of personal identity, which holds that the criterion of personal identity is certain psychological continuity between persons existing at different times. I argue that the psychological continuity theory in its various forms suffers from interminable problems. Then, I introduce an alternate account of personal identity, according to which personal identity is not further analyzable in terms of qualitative properties (“suchnesses”) of persons. Rather, persons are individuated by their primitive thisnesses (haecceities), which are nonqualitative properties of immaterial substances (or souls). This alternate conception of personal identity would be of particular relevance to those who believe in the immortality of the soul and are looking for a nonphysicalist account of personal identity.

導言: 換頭術、嗎啡治療、病人自主權

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese作為治療方式，器官移植術（organ transplantation）現在已經相當普遍，儘管有此所帶出的一系列有關醫學/生命倫理學的議題還在繼續。然而，作為器官一種的人的大腦，是否可以移植使得器官移植的問題尤為棘手。大腦移植（brain transplant），亦為“全身移植”（whole-body transplant），指將有機物的大腦（或部分大腦）移植到機物的身體。那麼，與大腦移植相關的是“換頭術”（head-transplant）呢？和大腦移植不同的是，換頭或換顱是指整個頭顱的置換手術。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 106 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Procesos de esencialización de hombres y mujeres: Un estudio comparado Brasil-España

The main objective of this research is to present the results of an experiment based in the brain transplant paradigm. It was done in Brazil and Spain and its aim was to study various essentialization processes among different social categories. It was possible to identify that naturalizable social categories are more essentialized than entitative ones, that essencialization is greater in Brazil than in Spain, and that the direction of the supposed brain transplant in which the experiment was based had an impact only among Spanish participants. In both countries the attribution of internal causes was the most common explanation together with a biologization of gender with special reference to hormones and genes used as arguments to elaborate common sense explanations of human behavior. Altogether the results found lead us to the conclusion than essentialization plays an important role in the perpetuation of sexism and other forms of gender roles stereotypes.

Problems with a Constitution Account of Persons

ABSTRACT: There are some problems with Lynne Baker’s constitution account of personal identity that become evident when we consider brain transplant thought experiments and two kinds of rare cases of conjoined twins — the first appears to be one organism but two persons and the second seems to involve two organisms associated with one person. To handle the problems arising from brain transplants, the constitution theorist must admit an additional level of constitution between the organism and the person. To resolve the problems posed by the two kinds of conjoined twins, the constitution theorist must accept that constitution is not always a one-to-one relationship.