Magnetic retrieval of ionic liquid formed during in situ metathesis dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction–preconcentration of selected endocrine disrupting phenols from an enlarged sample volume

A new in situ dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure with magnetic retrieval of ionic liquid and quantification by LC-MS/MS has been presented. Selected endocrine disrupting phenols were determined.

Association between Endocrine Disrupting Phenols in Colostrums and Maternal and Infant Health

Bisphenol A (BPA) and alkylphenols (APs) are well-known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which may threat the next generations' health. We performed biomonitoring of these phenols in colostrums to assess risk of the phenols in breast-fed neonates. Study subjects were the lactating mothers who delivered babies within 2 weeks (N=325; 30.67±3.45 years) and their neonates (N=326; embryonic period, 39.1±1.5 weeks). BPA, nonylphenol (NP), and octylphenol (OP) in colostrums were quantified with LC/MS/MS. Information for environmental exposure sources of the phenols was obtained by questionnaires. As results, median level of BPA in colostrums was 7.8 ng/mL, while most NP or OP was not detected. Regarding health risks of phenols, levels of total NP in colostrums were elevated among sick mothers with toxemia, thyroid disorders, gastritis, and so forth than health mothers (3.51±4.98 versus 2.04±3.71 ng/mL,P=0.02). Dairy products intake and detergents use were positively correlated with total BPA levels (Ps<0.05). In conclusion, we estimate most neonates who are exposed to BPA rather than NP or OP via colostrums and recommend continuous biomonitoring of the phenols to clarify their suspected health risk on neonates and pregnant or gestation mothers.