Study of COVID-19 epidemic in India and Andhra Pradesh with comparative global figures

We have studied the pattern of COVID-19 epidemic in Andhra Pradesh and compared with other high burden states in India utilizing Government of India statistics. We have compared the Indian figures with the statistics in other countries. We have analyzed the data published by Ministry of Health and family Welfare Government of India, Government of Andhra Pradesh and WHO statistics as well as worldometer statistics. We have studied the hospital statistics of our tertiary care COVID center and analyzed the results.The statistics revealed highest number of cases are seen in United States of America with case fatality rate of 1.74%.Mexico has highest case fatality rate of 8.5%. Italy has 3.5% and United Kingdom 2.8%.In India Maharashtra has highest number of COVID-19 casualties with case fatality of 2.52%. Indian national average of case fatality is 1.47%. Andhra Pradesh has a case fatality of 0.80%. In Andhra Pradesh the pandemic of COVID-19 peaked in the months of August and September both in terms of number of cases and deaths and then decline started. Hospital based records showed a death rate of 3.92%.

HOSPITAL STATISTICS AS A MEASURE OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL RESOURCES IN OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ILE-IFE, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

This study examined the significance of hospital statistics in measuring effectiveness of hospital resources in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State. The study made use of secondary sources of data where the basic hospital statistics such as daily admissions, discharges, deaths, patients’ days, average census/ average daily bed occupied, patients’ average length of stay, percentage of occupancy, turnover interval and daily attendance. The study showed that major hindrances for effective statistics in the hospital lack of understanding of the fundamental usefulness of statistics in planning, research, training and budgeting for national sustainable development. This study identified low level of understanding of the significance of statistics. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are suggested for policy implementation: This study identified low level of understanding of the significance of statistics, hence, there is need for more awareness creation on the importance of statistics among members of the hospital that are involved in the completion and submission of the various forms where hospital statistics are generated through seminars, conferences and workshops Health information officers and other units such as the laboratories and the nursing departments need to be re-educated on the need for timely submission of statistics generated in the various units and sections. The hospital management needs to formulate policies that will support accurate and complete statistics from the various units that can be used for effective planning and informed decision making. The hospital management should endeavour to motivate the units and department that submit their reports promptly for collation in the form of training and other incentive that will encourage the same spirit among the concerned units and department respectively.

Assisted reproductive technologies in Russia: medical breakthroughs and social problems

The paper considers the role of assisted reproductive technologies in changing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Russian fertility. The author analyzes the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ART in Russia in 1986-2020, their public perception and current problems based on the data of national ART registers, reviews of international professional associations of reproductive specialists, secondary sociological information and hospital statistics. The general trend is the expansion of the geography of reproductive centers and the diversification of services, but the growing demand for ART as methods of alternative conception in the absence of reproductive disorders intensifies public debate around them, especially in the context of religion and children’s health. Nevertheless, in conditions of low fertility, the state considers ART as instruments of a pronatal demographic policy and finances them even against the backdrop of the coronavirus pandemic.

Gender choice in assisted reproductive technologies: opportunities, dangers, prospects

Today, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are a birth rate factor, which allows almost every person to give birth to a child, regardless of health. Fully reliable gender selection is only possible through pre-implantation diagnostics (PGD) as part of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Usually preference is given to boys, and the problem turns from individual family into a socio-gender problem, which can only be solved at the state level. While traditional methods of gender regulation involved selective abortions or killing of newborns («infanticide»), modern ART technically solves the issue at the pre-implantation stage, but entails ethical, psychological and financial problems that require special control. By prohibiting sex-selective abortions, the state limits the possibility of gender choice at the stage of conception to the risk of inherited diseases transmission due to fears of seriously disturbing natural gender balance, creating prerequisites for «genomocide». According to the National ART registries, Surveys of the International Federation of Fertility Societies for 2010–2019, Russian and foreign «hospital» statistics and the media, the article shows increase in the popularity of PGD that makes it possible to make a gender choice. In Russia, where the number of children in a family rarely exceeds two, and reproductive clinics perform all IVF programs, the choice of child’s gender is possible only with medically-justified PGD, and almost always performed at the expense of the patient. The only perspective in this situation is inclusion of such a PGD in the Compulsory Health Insurance system, when the gender of an unborn child becomes an additional, and its health — the main result.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and meniscal repair rates have both increased in the past 20 years in England: hospital statistics from 1997 to 2017

ObjectivesWe investigated the temporal trend and the geographical variation in the rate of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and meniscal repair (MR) performed in England during a 20-year window.MethodsAll hospital episodes for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction or MR between 1 April 1997 and 31 March 2017 were extracted by procedure code from the national hospital episode statistics. Age-standardised and sex-standardised rates of surgery were calculated using Office for National Statistics population data as the denominator and analysed over time both nationally and regionally by National Health Service clinical commissioning group (CCG).ResultsBetween 1997–1998 and 2016–2017, there were 133 270 cases of ACL reconstruction (124 489 patients) and 42 651 cases of MR (41 120 patients) (isolated or simultaneous). Nationally, the rate of ACL reconstruction increased 12-fold from 2.0/100K population (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1) in 1997–1998 to 24.2/100K (95% CI 23.8 to 24.6) in 2016–2017. The rate of MR increased more than twofold from 3.0/100K (95% CI 2.8 to 3.1) in 1997–1998 to 7.3/100K (95% CI 7.1 to 7.5) in 2016–2017. Of these cases, the rate of simultaneous ACL reconstruction and MR was 2.6/100K (95% CI 2.5 to 2.8) in 2016/2017. In 2016–2017, for patients aged 20–29, the sex-standardised rate of ACL reconstruction was 76.9/100K (95% CI 74.9 to 78.9) and for MR was 19.8/100K (95% CI 18.8 to 20.9). Practice varied by region—in 2016–2017, 14.5% (30/207) of the CCGs performed more than twice the national average rate of ACL reconstruction and 15.0% (31/207) performed more than twice the national average rate of MR.ConclusionsThe rate of ACL reconstruction (12-fold) and MR (2.4-fold) has increased in England over the last two decades. There is variation in these rates across geographical regions and further work is required to deliver standardised treatment guidance for appropriate use.

Managing Medical Records in Specialist Medical Centres

A collection of facts about a patient’s life and health history of past and present illnesses and treatments is known as medical records. The health professionals were contributing to record the patient’s care. The responsibility in managing daily records that produced by each of department is by the Medical Records Department. It is a department under clinical support services with activities including managing of patient records, patient information production, management of medical reports, and hospital statistics. This article aims to discuss the challenge associated with managing medical records in the organization and how to handle and manage it with the records management as a tool to mitigate risk. Therefore, it is likely to prompt further research by addressing existing gaps towards improving service delivery that can contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of records management and archives generally.

Gender identity disorders and multiple sclerosis risk: A national record-linkage study

Background: An altered balance of gonadal hormones in males with gender identity disorders (GIDs) may increase multiple sclerosis (MS) risk both inherently and secondary to treatment in undergoing male-to-female conversion. Objective: We investigated any association between GIDs and MS through analysis of record-linked hospital statistics. Method: Analysis of English Hospital Episode Statistics, 1999–2012. Results: The adjusted rate ratio (RR) of MS following GIDs in males was 6.63 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.81–17.01, p = 0.0002). The RR of MS following GIDs in females was 1.44 (95% CI = 0.47–3.37, p = 0.58). Conclusion: We report a strong association between GIDs and MS in male-to-females, supporting a potential role for low testosterone and/or feminising hormones on MS risk in males.

NEED ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFYING ESP MATERIALS FOR MEDICAL RECORD STUDENTS IN APIKES CITRA MEDIKA SURAKARTA

Identifying teaching material is the process of selecting, adapting and evaluating of teaching based on specific necessities of the students. Need Analysisis really needed to identify teaching materials for English for Specific Purpose. The researchobjective is toidentify the ESP materials for teaching 3rd semestermedical record students at Academy of Medical Record and Health information Citra Medika (APIKES CITRA MEDIKA) Surakarta. The work used qualitativeand quantitative methods. The outcomesof this study showed the real necessities of students in learning English to prepare their future at the field of medical record and health information. Findings of the need analysis demonstrate that all four of the language skills were necessary for their academic studies and their target career. There are certain topics related to English for medical record such as medical record staff’ duties, ethical and legal issues in medical record, Hospital statistics, Medical record filling system, Health information system, and so on. Accordingly, this study proposes new ESP materials based on the stakeholders’ needs.It is suggested that textbook or handout of English for Medical Record will be made based on the Need Analysis by ESP designers and ESP lecturers involve actively recognizing the progressive needs of medical record students.

Mergers by a Private Hospital: One Script Two Different Endings!

ABSTRACT Introduction A comparative study of a failed and a successful merger in health care was conducted in an attempt to explore the reasons for success or failure of mergers. Materials and methods This was a retrospective exploratory study of two mergers with the primary hospital being common. A detailed study of the existing policies and procedures, hospital records, financial data, and hospital statistics was conducted. Trends were analyzed and compared with the observed value. Results Reasons for the successful mergers can be attributed to managerial commitment and coordination, communication, as well as proximity of consultants of the two merging entities. Adequate strategic planning, a professional approach, and incremental implementation of necessary changes are also essential. No redressal of staff and stakeholder apprehension and poor communication are reasons for failure of mergers. Conclusion A merger in the Indian hospital scenario is a fairly recent phenomenon. Factors, and their interplay that result in successful or failed mergers in Indian context, are an unexplored field of research. Mergers are capital and resource-intensive, and the consequences of a failed alliance are huge. Thus, a careful, holistic feasibility study is essential before embarking on a merger. How to cite this article Jain D, Jain K, Kaur G, Kapur V. Mergers by a Private Hospital: One Script Two Different Endings! Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(2):107-113.