Investigation of the efficacy of a dietetic food in the management of chronic enteropathies in dogs

BackgroundChronic enteropathies (CEs) are a common cause of morbidity in dogs. CEs are diagnosed in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal clinical signs (>3 weeks), inflammatory changes on intestinal biopsies and where no other underlying cause is determined based on a thorough, standardised diagnostic work-up. Based on response to therapy, CEs are subclassified into food-responsive, antibiotic-responsive or steroid-responsive enteropathies. A significant proportion of dogs with a CE are food-responsive; however, there are limited peer-reviewed publications describing the clinical efficacy of the commercially available diets used to treat CE.MethodsIn this study, the authors evaluated the response of 15 dogs with a CE to a commercially available dietetic food (Hill’s Prescription Diet i/d Sensitive Canine Dry). The dogs underwent a standard diagnostic evaluation and did not receive concurrent anthelmintic, antibiotic, glucocorticoid or gastroprotectant therapies. The clinical efficacy of the dietary treatment was assessed by comparing the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI) before and a median of 13 days after dietary therapy.ResultsThe authors found that the CIBDAI significantly decreased following the introduction of the dietetic food (median CIBDAI score pretreatment 9, post-treatment 2; P<0.0005).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that this dietetic food can be used to successfully manage CE in dogs.

Effect of Pullulan on Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Quality of Yogurts

Background: Pullulan can partially or completely replace starch or fat, thanks to which it can be used for the production of dietetic food. It allows you to maintain the desired consistency, and increases the viscosity of the product. Objective: Therefore, an attempt was made to produce yogurts with pullulan addition and determine the effect of its presence on the number of LAB, pH change, titratable acidity, and sensory quality of yogurts during storage at 4°C for 28 days. Method: The effect of addition of 0; 1.0 and 2.0 % w/v pullulan as a yogurt ingredient on the changes in pH, acidity, LAB number, and sensory quality of yogurt during storage at 4°C for 28 days was examined. Results: Pullulan did not affect yogurt pH, but the addition of 2.0 % w/v pullulan increased the acidity of yogurt as compared to that of the control yogurt. A statistically significantly higher total number of Lactobacillus, by approximately 1 logarithmic cycle, was found in yogurts with pullulan than in the control yogurt on the 28th day of storage. The yogurt with 1.0% w/v pullulan addition showed better sensory characteristics than that with 2.0% pullulan w/v addition. Conclusion: The conducted research proved that the presence of pullulan in the culture medium stimulates the growth of selected lactic acid bacteria and influences their fermentation capacity. The use of 1.0 % w/v pullulan during the production of yogurts allowed to obtain a sensorically acceptable product, it had a protective effect on the number of lactic acid bacteria during 28 days of refrigerated storage of yogurt.

HAEMATOLOGICAL STATUS IN CATS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: EFFECT OF A RENAL DIET

Chronic renal failure is a disease characterized by decreased kidney function andtherefore a change in haematological parameters in cats. In our work we analyzed the hematologicalparameters, course of renal disease and the lifespan of cats suffering from chronic renalinsufficiency. The aim of the study was to compare the haematological parameters of cats sufferingfrom CRF, fed a renal diet; cats suffering from CRF not fed a renal diet and cats that were completelyhealthy. Then, the importance of using CRF-approved food for diseased cats and the effectivenessof its application was determined.The study included a total of 60 cats, divided into three groups. The blood parameters of cats usedin our study were: erythrocytes, thrombocytes, total leucocytes, differential leukocyte, hemoglobinconcentration, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, creatinine and urea. The study lasted for three yearsat the Veterinary Ambulance for pets "MIM COOP" Banja Luka.The study data were statistically analyzed using a T-test (p<0.05) and Pearson's correlationcoefficient. The results of our study show that the mean values of haematological parameters in thegroup of cats that did not use a renal diet for cats suffering from CRF were different statisticallyfrom other two groups of cats: the group that used a renal diet for cats suffering from CRF andcontrol groups of cats. Also, cats that used а renal diet have better quality of life and live longer thancats that did not receive this diet. Dietetic food recover kidneys of the cats suffering from CRF.

ПШЕНИЦА МЯГКАЯ ОЗИМАЯ: ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПЛАСТИЧНОСТЬ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАРКЕРОВ

<p>The priority in studying new lines and varieties of common winter wheat was their ecological plasticity by biological and technological markers. It was revealed that for stability and plasticity on the basis of seed production the varieties and lines are divided into stable, narrow and wide-adaptive ones, the latter of which are characterized by a wide range of ecological valence (with high and medium variability and homeostasis, with variance of stability which is close to zero, and with environmental factor plasticity which is greater than one). We studied new cultivars and lines of hexaploid сommon winter wheat from Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University and Nosovka Breeding and Research Station of V.M. Remeslo Mironovka Institute of Wheat by seed production, technological indicators of grain, flour and bread quality. The new perspective highly productive and ecologically plastic varieties and lines of сommon wheat are: Yuvivata 60, Zoriana Nosivska, Nosshpa100, L3-95, KS 14, KS 22-04. According to representative criteria, the most promising genotypes, which are the main products in Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and high-quality raw materials for bakeries and bioethanol were identified. It was found that technological characteristics of grain, flour and bread of new cultivars and lines of common wheat meet the modern requirements for production of dietetic food and bioenergy products, that is important and relevant in the context of food security in Ukraine.</p>

Law regulations concerning food supplements, dietetic food and novel food containing herbal substances

Summary Food supplements are concentrated sources of nutrients and/or other substances with a nutritional or physiological effect. However, they often contain herbal substances or their preparations. Food supplements belong to category of food and for that reason are regulated by food legislation. European Union regulations and directives established general directions for dietary supplements, dietetic food, which due to their special composition or manufacturing process are prepared for specific groups of people with special nutritional needs, and novel food/novel food ingredients to ensure product safety, suitability and appropriate consumer information.