Gambaran Kesadaran dan Intensi Remaja Kurus Tentang Latihan Fisik

Underweight is a public health problem and the incidence rate is still increasing worldwide, including in Indonesia. This condition is more common in adolescents due to inadequate food intake and lack of nutritional knowledge. The other factor that determines nutritional status is physical exercise. The purpose of this study was to describe the awarenesss and intentions of underweight adolescents about physical exercise. This research was a quantitative descriptive study. It was conducted at SMA Negeri 5 and 3 in Pekanbaru. Ninety two underweight subjects were obtained by purposive sampling technique. Data collected using questionnaire and then analyzed by univariate analysis. The results of this study found that 63% underweight adolescent were female and they were experiencing mild to severe underweight. Most subjects have moderate awareness (77.2%) and good intention (64.13%) about physical exercise. It can be concluded that underweight adolescents have moderate awareness and good intention about physical exercise, despite they are being underweight.

Eating habits and mental health among rugby players of the Peruvian pre-selection during the second quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives: Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the mental health and diet of populations. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the eating habits and mental health status of the rugby players of the Peruvian pre-selection were affected by the second quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out through a pre-structured online survey in 74 players, 42 men (56.8%) and 32 women (43.2%). The mean age was 20.5 ± 4.4 years. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire and depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21). Results: 58.1% of the respondents reported that their dietary intake remained the same or increased. 58.3% of the players experienced anxiety, among which 26.4% reported moderate and severe symptoms. A greater proportion of participants <20 years old reported depression compared to those ⩾20 years (68.6% vs 31.4%, p = 0.010). Those who reported inadequate food intake were more likely to report depressive symptoms ( p = 0.006). Conclusion: These findings reaffirm the need to implement programs of psychological support and nutritional counseling among athletes to reduce negative symptoms and better face mental health and dietary challenges in these times of crisis.

Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Appetite and Food Intake Among Hospitalized Older Adults

Inadequate food intake is common among hospitalized older adults and is linked to negative hospitalization outcomes, including functional decline and mortality. Depression is a well-established risk factor in inadequate food intake in the community but its role in food consumption during hospitalization is poorly studied. To examine the associations between depressive symptoms, appetite and the quantity of food consumed by older inpatients, we conducted a secondary data analysis of 724 hospitalized adults aged 69 to 95 using a prospective cohort dataset: Hospitalization Process Effects on Functional Outcomes and Recovery. Depression was evaluated with Tucker’s Short Zung Instrument at time of admission. Food intake and appetite were examined daily for three consecutive days, using self-reports of food consumed at breakfast, lunch and supper, based on the nDay Express Questionnaire. Approximately 40% of respondents reported eating half or less than half of each meal. The risk of depression was prevalent among a third of respondents, 54% of whom were identified at high risk of depression. The association between depression and inadequate food intake was found to be negative [F(2,716)=9.00 ,p=0.000 ,η2=0.025]. Low appetite was significantly linked to reduced food consumption [β=-0.39, t=-12.06, p=0.000] and made a considerable contribution to the explained variance of food consumed [F-change (1,717)=145.41 , p=0.000]. Finally, decreased appetite partially mediated the association between depressive symptoms and food intake during hospitalization (B=-0.001, UCI=-0.001; LCI=-0.002). These findings contribute to the understanding of inadequate food intake during hospitalization and indicate the importance of screening for depression among hospitalized older adults.

Evaluation of a Novel Tool for Screening Inadequate Food Intake in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients

Diet assessment tools provide valuable nutrition information in research and clinical settings. With growing evidence supporting dietary modification to delay development and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an AMD-specific diet assessment tool could encourage eye-care practitioners to refer patients in need of further dietary behavioural support to a dietitian and/or support network. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical use of a novel, short dietary questionnaire (SDQ-AMD) to screen for inadequate food intake in AMD patients by comparing it against a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Recruitment sources included Sydney-based private eye clinics and research databases (N = 155; 57% female; 78 ± 8 years). Scoring criteria based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines and dietary recommendations for AMD in literature were developed and applied to dietary data from the FFQ and SDQ-AMD. Bland–Altman plot of difference suggests agreement between the FFQ and SDQ-AMD as most mean difference scores were within the 95% CI (6.91, −9.94), and no significant bias between the scores as the mean score increased ((regression equation: y = 0.11x − 2.60) (95% CI: −0.058, 0.275, p-value = 0.20)). Scores were also significantly correlated (0.57, p ≤ 0.0001). The SDQ-AMD shows potential as a diet screening tool for clinical use, however, additional studies are warranted to validate the SDQ-AMD.

Reduced Food Intake Is Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients (P12-026-19)

Objectives Inadequate food intake is associated with mortality in hospitalized patients. Even with the emphasis on malnutrition-related dangers, investigating all hospitalized patients in Korea for food intake and factors affecting food intake is difficult but we need to food intake in hospitalized patients for efficient nutrition management. Therefore, A large-scale nutrition investigation was conducted to examine food intake in all hospitalized patients. We aimed to examine food intakes in hospitalized patients in Korea, to evaluate the relationship between inadequate food intake and mortality, and to ascertain mortality-related risk factors. Methods A one-day cross-sectional study on food intake and mortality was conducted on 1074 hospitalized adult patients on June 23, 2011. Food intake, assessed using questionnaires, was divided into four categories: 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. We collected disease-related factors and meal-related factors from electronic medical records. We also evaluated "length of hospital stay" and "probability of death in hospital" using a post-survey after 60 days. We identified risk factors for mortality using multivariate analysis. Gray's test was adopted for survival analysis of “probability of death in hospital” according to food intake. Results We included 1074 patients from 56 wards, including the intensive care unit. The following characteristics were observed: average age, 57 years; average body mass index, 22.8 kg/m2; and sex ratio, 55.2% male. On survey day, 35.4% patients ate a whole meal, 56.4% ate half of the meal, 20.2% ate quarter of the meal, and 8.2% ate nothing. Patients who consumed nothing had a 7.2-times higher mortality risk (HR) than patients who consumed a whole meal (P = 0.001). The mortality risk increased by 2.9 (P = 0.056) and 2.6 times (P = 0.102) in patients who consumed 50% and 25% of the meal, respectively. Risk factors contributing to mortality risk included heart/circulation (HR 18.026, P = 0.005), cancer (HR 17.990, P < 0.001), decreased consumption than last week (HR 10.120, P = 0.027), weight loss within 3 months (HR 4.820, P = 0.010), walking inability (HR 4.245, P = 0.020), walking only with assistance (HR 3.358, P = 0.010), and myocardial infarction (HR 2.571, P = 0.022). Contrastingly, “nutrition support” resulted in a significantly reduced mortality risk (HR 0.332, P = 0.015). Conclusions Reduced food intake can affect mortality rates in hospitalized patients. Based on factors significantly impacting mortality, patient groups can be selected for intensive nutrition care. Funding Sources none. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Kawista biscuit increased body weight of under five children

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Underweight in under five children was a nutritional problem that is often caused by inadequate food intake. Underweight could occur at 6-59 months or should had supplemental feeding and supplementary foods. Supplementary foods have contribute energy to the nutritional adequacy of under five children</em></p><p><strong><em>Objective</em></strong><em>: To know the effectiveness of kawista biscuits in increasing of bodyweight under five children in Gondokusuman II Primary Health Care.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> Subjects were underweight with the aged of 12-59 months, as much as 19 children. The study was conducted in the working area of Gondokusuman II Primary Health Center Yogyakarta City. This study was quasi experimental with purposive technique sampling. The effectiveness of biscuit kawista a was analysed by paired t-test.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Result:</em></strong><em> Based on the results of effectiveness test of biscuit kawista for 2 weeks showed significant changes in body weight children (p = 0.000) as much as 0.29 kg.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><em> kawista biscuit was significantly increase the weight of under five children who suffer from malnutrition.</em></p><p><em></em> </p><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong>: <em>kawista biscuit (limonia acidissima), underweight, gain weight</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p> </p>

Ernährung bei Krebs: geeignet zur Vorbeugung und Therapie?

Nutritional effects on cancer occurrence and on treatment outcome in cancer patients may depend on food preferences and on the quantity of foods supplied. However, it has been difficult to reliably show beneficial effects of specific dietary concepts on cancer incidence. On the other hand, obesity as a result of chronic overfeeding has been linked firmly to an increased risk of a number of cancers as well as on cancer recurrence after treatment. Metabolic consequences of obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome may be responsible for inducing and/or promoting cancer growth and should be antagonized by regular moderate physical activity in healthy subjects and in cancer survivors. During cancer treatment and in patients with advanced disease, inadequate food intake and physical inactivity may lead to malnutrition, while recurrent and chronic systemic inflammatory reactions induce chronic catabolism with a preferential loss of muscle and cell mass, condition referred to as cachexia.

The dietary profile of socially vulnerable participants in health promotion programs in a brazilian metropolis

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the dietary profile of participants who used two health promotion services located in socially vulnerable areas in a Brazilian metropolis. METHODS: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with participants (n = 370) aged ≥ 20 years who joined two services of the Academias da Cidade program in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study participants engaged in physical activity and nutritional education actions directed by the services from 2009 to 2010. The sociodemographic and economic conditions and health and nutrition profiles of each individual were assessed. RESULTS: Participants from a high social-risk who used the service did not demonstrate adequate intake of vegetables (54.6 versus 43.6%; p = 0.038), sweets (33.5 versus 23.2%; p = 0.030), soft drinks (28.5 versus 11.9%; p < 0.001), artificial juice (34.7 versus 22.6%; p = 0.011), and processed meat (48.8 versus 32.7; p = 0.002). However, in the other service, lower social vulnerability, a higher prevalence of abdominal adiposity (60.7 versus 43.0%; p = 0.004) and consumption of high-fat meat products (53.0 versus 36.5%; p = 0.002) was observed. CONCLUSION: Participants who used both services demonstrated inadequate food intake compatible with the development of chronic disease profiles. However, the participants in each service were distinct from each other. This suggests that promotion of healthy eating should to contemplate the territory and its interface with people health.

Secular Changes of Adiposity and Motor Development in Czech Preschool Children: Lifestyle Changes in Fifty-Five Year Retrospective Study

Secular trends of adiposity and motor development in preschool children since the fifties of the last century up to the beginning of this millennium were analyzed so as to reveal possible changes due to continuously differentiating lifestyle. In preschool children (n=3678) height, weight, skinfold thickness over triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac were measured by Harpenden caliper in 1957, 1977, 1980, 1985, 1990, and 2012. Simultaneously, motor performance was tested by evaluating the achievements in broad jump and throwing a ball, as a marker of adaptation to changing level of physical activity, free games, and exercise. Along the period of five decades the values of skinfold thickness increased significantly until 2012, mainly on the trunk. Simultaneously, the level of motor performance significantly decreased. Modifications of the way of life during the mentioned five decades characterized by sedentarism and inadequate food intake as related to energy output influenced negatively both adiposity and motor performance already in preschool children. Mostly increased deposition of fat on the trunk which is considered as a marker of possible development of metabolic syndrome was apparent already in preschool age, indicating the importance of early intervention concerning also physical activity and availability for exercise since early life.