Basic Approach to Prevalence of Iron-Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women and Children in South Florida before 2003

Obviously iron deficiency is determined as the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world today. It is provoked by a lack of iron in the diet. In South Florida, since pregnant women tend to neglect prenatal care, the prevalence of anemia primarily occurs during the first and second trimesters of their pregnancy. Accordingly, medical studies show that premature deliveries, low birth weight, birth defects, infant mortality, etc. result from iron deficiency anemia. In this, birth defects are, however, considered as quite associated with folic acid deficiency anemia. That explains why, this paper also deals with the study published by the March of Dimes on folic acid and pregnancy. In addition, the paper approaches qualitatively the socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects of the disease according to eight (8) interviews conducted in Broward and Miami Date counties to highlight the existing preventive programs for vulnerable population such as women, infants and children in South Florida, USA.

Basic Approach to Prevalence of Iron-Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women and Children in South Florida before 2003

Obviously iron deficiency is determined as the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world today. It is provoked by a lack of iron in the diet. In South Florida, since pregnant women tend to neglect prenatal care, the prevalence of anemia primarily occurs during the first and second trimesters of their pregnancy. Accordingly, medical studies show that premature deliveries, low birth weight, birth defects, infant mortality, etc. result from iron deficiency anemia. In this, birth defects are, however, considered as quite associated with folic acid deficiency anemia. That explains why, this paper also deals with the study published by the March of Dimes on folic acid and pregnancy. In addition, the paper approaches qualitatively the socioeconomic and sociocultural aspects of the disease according to eight (8) interviews conducted in Broward and Miami Date counties to highlight the existing preventive programs for vulnerable population such as women, infants and children in South Florida, USA.

Ethnopharmacological Review of Traditional Medicinal Plants Found as an Astounding Remedy to Anemia

Iron deficiency is the predominant cause of anemia, which is a recurrent type of nutritional problem. Medicinal herbs have proven to be efficient in the treatment of a variety of ailments in developing countries, including anemia. Anemia is generally treated by hematinics in the form of tablets, capsules and syrup and sometimes injection. Long term intake of hematinics produces some side effects like Gastritis, tooth staining, etc. Many medicinal plants have the ability to treat anemia. Sorghum bicolor stem bark, Brillantasia nitens leaves, Tectona grandis, and Allium ascalonicum are just a few of the plants that have traditionally been used to treat anaemia. The current review aims to list out such medicinal plants along with their ethnopharmacological status in treating anemia.

Research and Progress on the Mechanism of Iron Transfer and Accumulation in Rice Grains

Iron (Fe) is one of the most important micronutrients for organisms. Currently, Fe deficiency is a growing nutritional problem and is becoming a serious threat to human health worldwide. A method that could help alleviate this “hidden hunger” is increasing the bioavailable Fe concentrations in edible tissues of major food crops. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of Fe accumulation in different crop tissues will help to develop crops with higher Fe nutritional values. Biofortification significantly increases the concentration of Fe in crops. This paper considers the important food crop of rice (Oryza sativa L.) as an example and highlights recent research advances on the molecular mechanisms of Fe uptake and allogeneic uptake in different tissues of rice. In addition, different approaches to the biofortification of Fe nutrition in rice and their outcomes are described and discussed. To address the problems that occur during the development and application of improving nutritional Fe in rice, technical strategies and long-term solutions are also proposed as a reference for the future improvement of staple food nutrition with micronutrients.

Counseling of Balanced Nutrition as an Effort to Increase Mother's Knowledge on Preventing Malnutrition (Case Study in Mojo Village, Kalitidu District, Bojonegoro Regency)

ABSTRACTBackground: Malnutrition is a nutritional problem in children under five that still occurs today, including in Indonesia. East Java is one of the province that contributes quite a lot of malnourished children under five. Long-term malnutrition will impact the quality of human resources.Objective: To analyze the relationship between providing balanced nutrition counseling with the increase of mother’s knowledge to prevent malnutrition.Methods: The method used in this study is Quasi Experiment with one group pre-test and post-test design. The sampling technique is the total sampling method, the sample are all mothers who have children under five in Mojo Village, Kalitidu District, Bojonegoro Regency as many as 42 people. Mojo Village was selectedpurposively. The dependent T-test was used to measure the differences of the mother’s knowledge level before and after the education being given. The response rate of this study is 71.4%.Results: The results showed that at the beginning of the session before the counseling being given, 50% of mothers had good knowledge, sufficient knowledge 40%, and lacked knowledge 10%. After the counseling was carried out, 60% of mothers had good knowledge and sufficient knowledge 40%. The mean score before counseling was 67.33 ± 15.30 and after counseling, it changed to 72.00 ± 9.90 (P <0.05).Conclusion: The provision of balanced nutrition counseling in Mojo Village is significantly associated with the increase of mother’s knowledge to prevent malnutrition. The Nutritionist in Puskesmas and Posyandu cadres have an important role in providing nutrition education to mothers to prevent malnutrition.Keywords: balanced nutrition, counseling, knowledge, malnutrition

The Influence of Parenting Patterns on Stunting Incidences in Toddlers (Study in the Work Area of Sumberjambe Health Center, Kasiyan Health Center and Sumberbaru Health Center Jember Regency)

Stunting is a form of long-term reflection of the quality and quantity of food consumed is inadequate and often suffers from infectious diseases in childhood. The problem of stunting is a nutritional problem that needs attention because it can affect the quality of human resources. Stunting problems, especially those that occur in toddlers, are considered serious because stunting conditions in toddlers can cause delays in motor development and decrease intelligence levels. The type of research used in this study is an analytical observational study with a case control research design. The results of data analysis showed that there was an effect of parenting on the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The amount of risk is 5, 1 which means that families who apply good parenting to toddlers will reduce the risk of stunting. This study is in line with research conducted by Rahmayana, et al (2014) which states that there is a significant relationship between parenting patterns and the incidence of stunting. Parenting patterns of parents to children in this case is the practice of giving food is an important foundation in growth. The role of parents, especially mothers when breastfeeding their children, when giving food, how to give food to children and controlling the portion size and nutritional content in children's food will improve nutritional status so that it will reduce the incidence of stunting in children. The solution to this problem is to screen children under five to detect stunting.

Faktor Penentu Stunting: Analisis Komparasi Masa Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) dan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Indonesia

This study aims to analyze, before and after the SDGs agenda in Indonesia, the determinants of stunting through household characteristics, mother characteristics and child characteristics. Stunting is a condition in which, due to direct and indirect causes, toddlers fail to thrive or are too short compared to children of their age and is a nutritional problem that is the government's focus. Nationally, at the end of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, the prevalence rate of stunting in Indonesia was 36.4 percent and 30.8 percent in 2018. This figure is still above the RPJMN target for 2019, namely 28% stunting and the WHO stipulation, namely 20% stunting prevalence in 2025 and 0% stunting prevalence in 2030 according to the SDGs target. Access to clean water, access to sanitation, access to health services, national health insurance, housing, underweight mothers, mothers with parental education, birth weight and premature births were the variables studied in this study. This research uses secondary data, processed with logistic regression, from Riskesdas in 2013 and 2018. Results showed that under-five birth weight, underweight mothers, shelter, access to sanitation, access to clean water and preterm birth had a significant (significant) association with the incidence of under-five stunting.

Stunting Prevention with Education and Nutrition in Pregnant Women: A Review of Literature

Background : Stunting is a major nutritional problem in children under five years old which has an impact on slowing growth by reducing the number and development of body cells, including brain cells and other organs. Pregnant women are one of the groups who are vulnerable to nutritional problems, related to the process of growth and development of the fetus in the womb. The role of education and nutrition is important during pregnancy because it has implications for the health of mothers and children in later life. The aimed of this review was to identify research about effect stunting prevention and education and nutrition to pregnant women. Methods : A database review undertaken using Pubmed, CHINAHL and Google Scholar from 2011-2021 to collect focused study on education and nutrition research on pregnant women to prevent stunting. A total of 1788 articles were identified. These were scaned and 18 articles were retrieved with 13 articles shortlisted for to in depth review. Results : Education with using audiovisual media, moringa leaf ice cream and early nutrition has proved effective in increasing pregnant women knowledge regarding stunting prevention. Providing nutritional supplements/nutrients for moringa oliefera, folic acid and iron, specific nutrition, LNS, PM2A PROCOMIDA, nutrition before pregnancy, supplements antenatal iron and folic acid, prenatal micronutrients have an effect on reducing children stunting. Conclusion: Audio visual education can convery health knowledge because easily to facilitate the reception of health message for pregnant women. Continuous education and monitoring of the of pregnant women diet every month during pregnancy classes at the posyandu are needed to prevent stunting in children.

Father's Support and Mother's Behavior in Stunting Prevention Efforts

Stunting is the nutritional quality of infants under five years of age according to age compared to the usual benchmarks according to the World Health Organization's Multicentre Growth Reference Study in 2006. The incidence of stunting in infants under five years of age is a problem that exists in Indonesia and is a major nutritional problem. Data from the results of monitoring the quality of nutrition in the previous three years period has the highest prevalence compared to other nutritional problems such as malnutrition, thinness, and obesity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of the father's support and mother's behavior in Stunting Prevention Efforts in Tuntung 2 Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency using a cross-sectional design. This study was done on 135 mothers who have infants aged 6-59 months as respondents. The variables in this study were father's support related to stunting prevention and the dependent variable in this study is the behavior of the mother in preventing stunting. The results showed that there was a significant correlation of the father's support and mothers’ behavior in preventing stunting (p <0.038). To increase efforts of prevent stunting, it is hoped that fathers who have not supported their wives should be more concerned about their toddler's growth and health.

GAMBARAN PERBEDAAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG ANEMIA SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH DIBERI PENYULUHAN PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMUN 5 KELAS XI-XII

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional problem in the world and affects more than 600 million people. Knowledge about anemia is one of the causes of the low ability to cope with the symptoms of anemia. To overcome public knowledge which is still classified in the less category, it can be done by conducting counseling. The purpose of this study was to describe the difference in knowledge about anemia before and after being given counseling to young women at SMA 5 Class 1-2 Pamekasan in 2008. This research is a descriptive survey. The sample is 33 respondents with quota sampling technique that is equal to 25% of the population. The independent variable is counseling. The dependent variable is Knowledge about Anemia before and after counseling. Data were collected by questionnaires and counseling using the lecture method. Data analysis using frequency distribution test. The results showed that the description of the level of difference in knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia before and after being given counseling at SMUN 5 Pamekasan in 2008 in the good category increased by 24%. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct IEC (communication, information and education) about anemia to students to prevent the occurrence of anemia, especially when young women are menstruating.