Karakterisasi Sensori Cheese Tea dengan Metode Check All That Apply (CATA), Emotional Sensory Mapping (ESM), dan Ideal Profile Method (IPM)

Cheese tea is a drink made from a combination of tea and cheese foam. This product is very popular today, and some businesses are interested in developing this product. The objective of this research is to identify the sensory profile of cheese tea through new methods in sensory evaluation: IPM, CATA and ESM. The CATA method is used to define the sensory profile and emotional characteristics of the cheese tea product and the IPM method is used to optimize the product by collecting the ideal customer information. The number of panelists used for each test was 30. The selection was based on the frequency of cheese tea consumption 1 to 2 times per week. Attributes will be gained via the focus group discussion (FGD). CATA data analysis was processed using XLSTAT software with CATA Analysis tools while IPM data was processed with SensTools.Net applications with tools for IPA analysis. The cheese tea products most favored by customers based on the outcome of the CATA are products with a sweet scent, a milky aroma, cheesy aroma, a milky taste and a sweet taste, as well as the dominant emotional 'calm'. Product cheese tea C is the nearest product to its ideal product characteristics. In order to further improve the product “cheese tea C”, it is necessary to boost the strength of the characteristics of the creamy mouthfeel, the viscosity of the mouthfeel and the aroma of the cheese while at the same time reducing the intensity of the toasted aroma, the milky aroma, the umami, the salty taste, the milky taste and the sweet taste.

Multicriteria Algorithm for Multisensory Food Analysis

Observation of the multisensory experience using fMRI, EEG and analysis of users’ responses using Fuzzy logic. The tabulation of these data aims to verify the responses and quantify them for comparison with a personal opinion survey using the SAATY scale and apply in general terms (opinion response and neural response) in other users belonging to the same group of people. Based on the data and processes of the described applications, a sensory mapping of the observer and verification of “patterns in neurophysiological processes” can be performed with a verbal response, in addition to allowing the understanding of the importance of these patterns for the selection of an option.

Sensory stimulation enhances phantom limb perception and movement decoding

ObjectiveA major challenge for controlling a prosthetic arm is communication between the device and the user’s phantom limb. We show the ability to enhance amputees’ phantom limb perception and improve movement decoding through targeted transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tTENS).ApproachTranscutaneous nerve stimulation experiments were performed with four amputee participants to map phantom limb perception. We measured myoelectric signals during phantom hand movements before and after amputees received sensory stimulation. Using electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, we measure the neural activity in sensorimotor regions during phantom movements and stimulation. In one participant, we also tracked sensory mapping over 2 years and movement decoding performance over 1 year.Main resultsResults show improvements in the amputees’ ability to perceive and move the phantom hand as a result of sensory stimulation, which leads to improved movement decoding. In the extended study with one amputee, we found that sensory mapping remains stable over 2 years. Remarkably, sensory stimulation improves within-day movement decoding while performance remains stable over 1 year. From the EEG, we observed cortical correlates of sensorimotor integration and increased motor-related neural activity as a result of enhanced phantom limb perception.SignificanceThis work demonstrates that phantom limb perception influences prosthesis control and can benefit from targeted nerve stimulation. These findings have implications for improving prosthesis usability and function due to a heightened sense of the phantom hand.

POLSKA, KTÓREJ NIE MA (BORIS AKUNIN, DOKĄD PŁYNIEMY?, LATAJĄCY SŁOŃ)

This paper focuses on the image of Poland in the times of partitions as presented in the works by Boris Akunin on the basis of the stories entitled Where Shall We Go? andThe Flying Elephant. This image is created with the use of space (as well as sensory) mapping through the presence of toponyms, names of dishes considered to be typically Polish (the geography of taste), interweaving the text with Polonisms and (sometimes spelled in the Latin alphabet) Polish words, Polish surnames, references to religious and national stereotypes. Despite its entertaining convention (the collage of action and detective novels enriched with some elements of steampunk) the image of Poland sketched in the analyzed works is relatively credible and devoid of superpower pathos. Akunin does not exaggerate and balances the proportions between type and stereotype by dint of showing that the official political area does not reflect the real lives of coexisting communities.

Sensory mapping of lumbar facet joint pain: a feasibility study

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of sensory mapping of lumbar facet joint pain in patients scheduled to undergo radiofrequency (RF) denervation. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: University teaching hospital. Subjects: A total of 15 participants listed for RF denervation of lumbar facet joint. Method: After written informed consent, participants were recruited to the study. Participants completed a pain diagram prior to their procedure. After successful image-guided placement of RF cannulas, the sensory detection threshold using 50 Hz stimulation was obtained, followed by application of suprathreshold stimulation. Participants mapped their stimulated area in comparison to their pre-procedure pain diagram. Results: All 15 participants had previously undergone diagnostic blocks. All participants were able to report either pain or paraesthesia during suprathreshold stimulation. In total, 14 out of 15 participants reported complete coverage of their usual painful area with suprathreshold stimulation of nerves scheduled for RF denervation. In one of the participants, an area of upper lumbar pain was not covered during suprathreshold stimulation. Nearly two-thirds of the participants (n = 9), reported either pain or paraesthesia, outside their normal painful area during suprathreshold stimulation. A total of 71 nerves were scheduled for RF denervation. Sensory electrical stimulation was successfully achieved in 68 out of 71 nerves (96%). The average sensory detection threshold was found to be 0.3 V while the suprathreshold stimulation was 0.6 V. Conclusion: Lumbar facet joint pain can be mapped using suprathreshold sensory stimulation, which has the potential to introduce objectivity during RF denervation.

Bone Poems: Listening and Speaking from the Ground

As a practice-led researcher traversing the multiple worlds that exist between artists, communities and institutions, I turned to poetry to begin to speak the unspeakable; to retrieve the metaphorical bones of a story that were taken out. The bones of this story came through the voices of four women who lived and worked at a site located in Western Sydney. Their stories opened a crack in the findings of the research. Unexpectedly their stories interconnected. In an emergent process rather than a predetermined one, the poetic became a way to bring some of the fragmented ‘bones’ of this story to light. A multilayered participatory process of hand making relationship maps and poetry as the final layer of this experimental approach to ethnographic inquiry, resulted in the creation of what I call ‘bone maps’ and ‘bone poems’. They have created ‘ethnographic places’ which allow for deeper inquiry into the human side of the story, interwoven with the complexity of official and often perceived more factual accounts as presented across multiple institutional narratives. I found that ethnographically based poetry, informed by earlier sensory mapping processes could reveal what more linear approaches did not. This paper introduces ‘Bone Poems’, to reveal how this experimental approach reaches ways of knowing, through metaphor, in ways that other methods do not.

Dynamic representation of 3D auditory space in the midbrain of the free-flying echolocating bat

Essential to spatial orientation in the natural environment is a dynamic representation of direction and distance to objects. Despite the importance of 3D spatial localization to parse objects in the environment and to guide movement, most neurophysiological investigations of sensory mapping have been limited to studies of restrained subjects, tested with 2D, artificial stimuli. Here, we show for the first time that sensory neurons in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC) of the free-flying echolocating bat encode 3D egocentric space, and that the bat’s inspection of objects in the physical environment sharpens tuning of single neurons, and shifts peak responses to represent closer distances. These findings emerged from wireless neural recordings in free-flying bats, in combination with an echo model that computes the animal’s instantaneous stimulus space. Our research reveals dynamic 3D space coding in a freely moving mammal engaged in a real-world navigation task.