Dispensary observation of children with urinary tract infection in the practice of a pediatrician and pediatric nephrologist

The review examines the issues of dispensary observation, which is the most critical stage in care for patients with urinary tract infection (UTI). It includes periodic examination and preventive treatment of children after acute, recurrent and chronic UTI. The purpose of dispensary observation is the timely detection and/or prevention of complications and exacerbations of diseases, their prevention, effective rehabilitation of the urinary system after a previous infection at the outpatient stage. The schemes of antibacterial prophylaxis from the standpoint of Russian and foreign clinical guidelines are presented. The issues of primary and secondary prevention of UTI are discussed. The article considers the practical issues of dispensary observation of children with a previous UTI at the outpatient stage. The schemes of antibacterial prophylaxis from the standpoint of Russian and foreign clinical recommendations are presented. The issues of primary and secondary prevention of UTI are discussed.

Survey on Antibiotic Practices in Chittagong City of Bangladesh

We aimed to determine the amount of antibiotic prescribed by physicians and also sold by pharmacies in Chittagong city of Bangladesh by using a cross sectional survey. Patients, physicians, pharmacies and prescriptions based study was conducted in May 01, 2012 to May 30, 2012. A total of 118 prescriptions were collected and 82 local pharmacies were selected for data collection about daily sales of antibiotics. It was evident that 69.49% of the prescriptions contained antibiotics. Azithromycin and cefixim were found to be the most preferred antibiotics in physician’s prescriptions survey. On the other hand, it was evident from the pharmacy survey (without prescription) selling rates of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were more predominant. The diseases which were seen in the studies include cough, typhoid, diarrhea, nausea, chronic UTI, RTI, fever and rhinitis. The result of the present survey indicates that antibiotics are widely and inappropriately practiced without following standard guidelines. This is an alarming condition in the health sector of Bangladesh and therefore, the respective authority should take necessary steps to minimize the harmful effects of antibiotics.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(2): 174-178, 2015

Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine to some antibiotics

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of genus Pseudomonas that it is Gram – negative , glucose - nonfermenting aerobic rod , isolated from chronic UTI . It is resistant to high concentration of salts and dyes , weak antiseptics and commonly used antibiotics. Because of the increasing in drug – resistant of strains of P. aeruginosa especially that which isolated from UTI, this study was done among the patients attending hospitals in Al-Najaf city during January to December 2009 to maintain the susceptibility pattern of organism isolated from urine specimens. A total 72(100%) samples of P. aeruginosa were isolated from urine specimens of patients. The bacteria isolated were identified by colony morphology , microscopy and relevant biochemical tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern was tested using standard guidelines. Almost all of the P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to Amikacin(100%) , Norfloxacin(86% ( Ciprofloxacin(83 %) & Tobramycin(83%) but highly resistant to Doxycycline