Modelling of Intrinsic Loss Processes in the Intermediate Band Solar Cells

For the first time, the formalism of intrinsic loss processes such as below-band gap, thermalisation, angle mismatch, Carnot and emission loss in the intermediate band solar cells (SCs) is obtained by a theoretical framework based on the principle of detailed balance approach, and with the physical origins of losses discussed in terms of photon absorption and emission in the presence of intermediate energy band (IB). Then, the effect of IB position on each intrinsic loss in the intermediate band SCs is investigated. The results show that the introduction of IB reduces the below-band gap loss due to absorption of low energy photons by narrower sub-band gap and reduces the thermalisation loss due to absorption of high energy photons by the band gap of host semiconductor. Furthermore, the thermalisation and angle mismatch losses are dominant fractions of intrinsic loss, while the emission loss presents less than 2.2 % of intrinsic loss.

An energy self-compensating phosphosilicate material applied to temperature sensors

For years, researchers have been exploring effective methods of sustaining the emission intensity of phosphors with increasing temperature by suppressing emission loss.

IGM Heating and AGN activity in Fossil Galaxy Groups

Fossil galaxy groups are energetically and morphologically ideal environments to study the intergalactic medium (IGM) heating, because their inter-galactic gas is undisturbed due to the lack of recent group scale mergers. We study the role of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in heating the IGM in a sample of five fossil galaxy groups by employing properties at 610 MHz and 1.4 GHz. We find that two of the dominant galaxies in fossil groups, ESO 3060170 and RX J1416.4+2315, are associated with the radio lobes. We evaluate the PdV work of the radio lobes and their corresponding heating power and compare to the X-ray emission loss within cooling radius. Our results show that the power due to mechanical heating is not sufficiently high to suppress the cooling.