DERIVATION OF A NEW EQUATION FOR CALCULATING THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT VALUES OF THE PRINCIPAL QUANTUM NUMBER

This paper deals with a new approach in the formation of periods in the Mendeleevs Periodic Table. Using a newly suggested formula and newly suggested quantum states for the external electron shells of atoms of chemical elements, the author proposed the reconfiguration of periods in the Mendeleevs table. The reducing of the number of periods in the table is assumed, andthe material represented in the paper proves it.The following order of formation of electron layers is suggested: the principle quantum number (n), followed by the quantum state of electrons (first and second) which constitute the electron configurations of subperiods, and only after that - the remaining quantum orbitals (s, d, f, and p).

EPR study of interlayer interaction in Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure

In this work, a nanoscale structure consisting of contacting layers of a metal of the iron subgroup and a rare earth metal oxide (REM) is considered. Such nanostructures have an interesting feature, which is that as a result of the contact of these layers, an increase in the galvanomagnetic, magneto-optical and kinetic properties of ferromagnetic metals are observed. Presumably, the enhancement is due to an increase in the magnetization of these metals, caused by the exchange f - d interaction between the unfilled f- and d-electron shells of the atoms that make up the contacting layers. The aim of this work is to find the possibility of such f - d exchange interaction by the EPR method. To compose the studied nanostructure, Fe used as it has the strongest magnetic properties in its subgroup. Gd2O3 was used as an REM oxide as one of the few oxides giving a significant signal in the EPR region. The Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure created by sequential electron-beam deposition of Gd2O3 and Fe layers on a sitall substrate. The thickness of the oxide and metal layers was 68 and 112 nm, respectively. EPR spectra were recorded at room temperature on a computerized spectrometer Radiopan 2547 SE / X at the frequency of 9.3 GHz. The set of the obtained spectra was processed using the OriginPro and MatLab programs, which confirmed their compliance with the Lorentz model. From the experimentally obtained EPR linewidth, the parameter of the exchange f - d interaction is determined under the condition of a number of assumptions. The value of the g-factor is also found. Comparison of the EPR parameters of the spectra of individual layers of Gd2O3 and Fe with the spectra of the Gd2O3/Fe nanostructure composed of them, including the value of the g factor and the exchange interaction parameter, suggests that the presence of an iron layer affects the EPR spectrum of the REM oxide layer Gd2O3. The exchange interaction parameter increases from 985 to 4685 (rel. units), the g-factor decreases from 3.5 to 2.4. The most probable reason for the change in the spectrum is the exchange f - d interaction between atoms with unfilled f- and d-electron shells that are parts of the contacting layers.

CONTRADICTION TO THE TABLE OF D. I. MENDELEEV AND THEIR ELIMINATION

The article discusses a new approach to the formation of periods of the Periodic Table of Mendeleev. With the help of the new formula and the first proposed quantum states of the outer electron shells of atoms of chemical elements, the periods of the periodic table are reformatted. It is supposed to reduce the number of periods in the table by introducing the corresponding sub-periods. This is confirmed by the material given in the article. The following description of the order of formation of electron layers is proposed: the principal quantum number (n), then the newly proposed quantum states of electrons («first» and «second»), which in turn constitute the electronic configurations of sub-periods in periods, and only then the remaining quantum orbitals (s, p, d and f).

Вероятность процесса захвата двух электронов быстрым ионом Не-=SUP=-2+-=/SUP=- у атома Хе при различных параметрах удара

Differential cross sections for scattering of helium atoms formed at collisions of He2+ ions with kinetic energies of 1.97, 3.00, and 7.17 keV/a.m.u with Xe atoms in processes with the formation of slow xenon ions with charges 2 - 4 have been measured. The projectiles deflection function is calculated. The probability of all these processes occurring at various values of the impact parameter of colliding particles is determined. The role of the electron shells of the Xe atom 5 (s, p) and 4 (s, p, d) for the capture of two electrons is determined depending on the speed of approach of the colliding particles, the impact parameter and the charge of the formed xenon ions.

Удельная теплоемкость и температура Дебая сжатого кристаллического неона в модели деформируемых атомов

The thermodynamic properties of compressed neon crystal has been theoretically investigated within the ab initio approach taking into account the many-body interaction in the model of deformable atoms. In the short-range repulsive potential, along with the three-body interaction associated with the overlap of the electron shells of atoms, deformation of electron shells of dipole-type atoms is taken into account in the pair and three-particle approximations. The specific heat capacities and the Debye temperature in a wide pressure and temperature range have been calculated using the dynamic matrix constructed with the ab initio short-range repulsive potential and integration over the mean value points of the Chadi–Kohen method. It is shown that the contributions of three-body forces associated with both the overlap of the electron shells of atoms and the deformation of the electron shells increase the value of specific heat of compressed neon face-centered cubic crystals even at zero pressure. The temperature dependences are obtained in good agreement with the available experiment data and calculation results obtained by other researchers.

An essay on periodic tables

After a compact history of the PT, from Döbereiner’s triads to the theoretical predictions up to element 172, a number of particular issues is discussed: Why may Z = 172 be a limit for stable electron shells? What are the expected stability limits of the nuclear isotopes? When are formally empty atomic orbitals used in molecular electronic structures? What is ‘Secondary Periodicity’? When do the elements (Ir, Pt, Au), at the end of a bond, simulate (N, O, I), respectively? Some new suggestions for alternative PTs are commented upon. As a local connection, Johan Gadolin’s 1794 analysis of the Ytterby mineral is mentioned.

Spontaneous Appearance of Nanoclusters (Cu)n and (Cu2O)n

In this article, we proceed to the performance properties of the nanoclusters, referring to the already changing their properties associated with the size impact. Consideration of size effects we start to build models of nanoclusters, which reflect changes in the dynamic stability of atomic clusters, structural and electronic properties. The observed properties will be considered in comparison with model calculations and predictions. The process of formation of this cluster is accompanied by a discontinuity of symmetry, which can be distinguished on the specific structure of the cluster. Clusters of the (Cu)n metals should have the simplest electronic structure with one s-electron in each atom over the filled electron shells and (Cu2O)n semiconductors with more complicated p–n transition.