Effect of Biofat on Growing Performance and Health Status of Post-Weaning Piglets

BioFAT is a bioproduct contained PUFAs, Se, Vitamin E and herb (Euphorbia thymifolia Burm (L.)). Data were conducted on experiments of added 2 and 4% of BioFAT into basic diets for post-weaning piglets for 3 weeks of feeding to improve growth performance and health status, 22.45% and 32.86% of daily gain which was a higher than controls. The study also showed that there is reduced feed consumption for kg of growth rate from 1.67 kg of control was down to 1.36; and 1.29 kg of feed consumption (FCR). Furthermore, BioFAT is also enhanced for piglets to resistance E.coli infection and rate of infections was lower in added 2 and 4% of BioFAT from 20% to 6.7 and 0% piglets diarrhea. Especially the practice has shown that diversity of Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from common host sources of fecal pollution and characterized by using repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) PCR fingerprinting.

Effect of Biofat on Growing Performance and Health Status of Post-Weaning Piglets

BioFAT is a bioproduct contained PUFAs, Se, Vitamin E and herb (Euphorbia thymifolia Burm (L.)). Data were conducted on experiments of added 2 and 4% of BioFAT into basic diets for post-weaning piglets for 3 weeks of feeding to improve growth performance and health status, 22.45% and 32.86% of daily gain which was a higher than controls. The study also showed that there is reduced feed consumption for kg of growth rate from 1.67 kg of control was down to 1.36; and 1.29 kg of feed consumption (FCR). Furthermore, BioFAT is also enhanced for piglets to resistance E.coli infection and rate of infections was lower in added 2 and 4% of BioFAT from 20% to 6.7 and 0% piglets diarrhea. Especially the practice has shown that diversity of Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from common host sources of fecal pollution and characterized by using repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) PCR fingerprinting.

Molecular Characterization of Escherichia Coli Isolates from Food Animals

The present study was carried out for isolation and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli from faecal and meat samples of food animals viz. cattle, pigs and poultry. A total of 66 E. coli isolates were recovered from 420 samples of different food animals and further confirmed by PCR targeting E. coli specific uidA gene. These isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin and resistant to ampicillin and cloxacillin. Out of 66 isolates, 42 were typed into 13 different ‘O’ serogroups, 13 untypable and remaining 11 were identified as rough. Serogroup O84, O101, O118, O120 and O147 were predominant and serogroup O118 was found to be common in the samples of all 3 species of food animals. Five (7.57%) and 3 (4.54%) of E. coli isolates were found to harbor virulent genes, stx2 and est, respectively. Twenty representative E. coli isolates selected randomly from 20 different locations were subjected to molecular typing by PCR targeting Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic (REP) sequences. The region specific molecular types of E. coli could not be detected by using REP-PCR based discrimination.

Effectiveness of BOX-PCR in Differentiating Genetic Relatedness amongSalmonella entericaSerotype 4,[5],12:i:- Isolates from Hospitalized Patients and Minced Pork Samples in Northern Thailand

Salmonella entericaSerotype 4,[5],12:i:-, a monophasic variant ofS. Typhimurium, with high virulence and multidrug resistance is distributed globally causing pathogenicity to both humans and domesticated animals. BOX-A1R-based repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX)-PCR proved to be superior to three other repetitive element-based PCR typing methods, namely, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-, poly-trinucleotide (GTG)5-, and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR (carried out under a single optimized amplification condition), in differentiating genetic relatedness amongS. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates from feces of hospitalized patients (n=12) and isolates from minced pork samples ofS. 4,[5],12:i:- (n=6),S. Typhimurium (n=6), andSalmonellaSerogroup B (n=4) collected from different regions of northern Thailand. Construction of phylogenetic trees from amplicon size patterns allowed allocation ofSalmonellaisolates into clusters of similar genetic relatedness, with BOX-PCR generating more unique clusters for each serotype than the other three typing methods. BOX-, (GTG)5-, and REP-PCR indicated significant genetic relatedness betweenS. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates 1 and 9 from hospitalized patients andS. 4,[5],12:i:- isolate en 29 from minced pork, suggesting a possible route of transmission. Thus, BOX-PCR provides a suitable molecular typing method for discriminating genetic relatedness amongSalmonellaspp. of the same and different serotypes and should be suitable for application in typing and tracking route of transmission inSalmonellaoutbreaks.

Presence of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase, CTX-M-65 in Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis Isolated from Children with Diarrhea in Lima, Peru

Gastroenteritis in children is a serious condition in many parts of the world. Salmonella enterica is one of the causes of the disease. In this study, 280 fecal samples from children with diarrhea in four hospitals in Lima, Peru, were collected between September 2012 and March 2013. Salmonella was detected in 26 of the samples. Serotyping demonstrated that 25 of the isolates were S. enterica Infantis, and one isolate was S. enterica Typhimurium. Repetitive extragenic palindromic–polymerase chain reaction analysis suggests that all S. Infantis belong to the same clone. All but one of the S. Infantis isolates exhibited an extended-spectrum β-lactamase phenotype as they harbored bla CTX-M 65. Two strains also carried bla TEM-1. Nine of the isolates were resistant to azithromycin and two to ciprofloxacin. This study demonstrates that a multidrug-resistant S. Infantis clone carrying bla CTX-M 65 was circulating among children in Lima, Peru. The development of molecular epidemiology studies in Salmonella-causing diarrhea or other pathologies in Lima and in other areas will be useful to determine the permanence, geographical spread, and clinical implications of this clone.