Polymerization of Solid-State Aminophenol to Polyaniline Derivative Using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

We present a method to prepare polyaminophenol from solid-state aminophenol monomers using atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. The polymerizations of o-aminophenol and m-aminophenol are studied. The polymers were analyzed via Fourier-Transform inferred spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The kinetics of the polymerization reactions were investigated by using UV-vis and the polymerization was found to be first-order for both o-aminophenol and m-aminophenol. The resulting polymer film exhibits a conductivity of 1.0 × 10−5 S/m for poly-o-aminophenol (PoAP) and 2.3 × 10−5 S/m for poly-m-aminophenol (PmAP), which are two orders more conductive than undoped (~10−7 S/m) polyaniline (PANI), The PoAP has a quinoid structure and the PmAP has an open ring keto-derivative structure. The process provides a simple method of preparing conductive polyaminophenol films.

Design and synthesis of some imidazole derivatives: theoretical evaluation of interaction with a coronavirus (HCoV-NL63)

Some compounds have been developed for the treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) using different protocols; however, some methods use different reagents which are dangerous and require special conditions. the objective of this investigation was to synthesize some imidazole derivatives from 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole using some reactions such as etherification, reduction, and a hydroxy-keto derivative formation. In addition, the theoretical activity of imidazole derivatives (compounds 2, 3 and 5-8) was evaluated in a docking model using hydroxylchloroquine and favipiravir as controls. The results showed that 1) compounds 3 and 5 have a higher affinity by 5ewp protein surface compared with hydroxylchloroquine, favipiravir, 2 and 6-8. In conclusion, compounds 3 and 5 could inhibit the biological activity of coronavirus.

Study of osteoprotective and hypolipidemic effects of estrogen 8a a-analogues

The aim of this work was to study the ability of some estrogen 8a-analogues, that have CH 3 -group in the C-3 position, exhibit osteoprotective and cholesterolemic effects. The properties of these analogues was comparisoned with effects of native estradiol and 17a-ethynylestradiol (EE). We showed that compounds 3 ((d,l)-17b-acethoxy-3-methoxy-8a-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene) and 4 ((d,l)-3-methoxy-8a-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one) had the same osteoprotective and cholesterolemic effects as EE. The utherotropic effects of compound 3 and EE were the same, while the utherotropic activity of 17-keto derivative (compound 4) was higher than effect of EE. The osteoprotective and cholesterolemic effects of compounds 5 and 6 (d- or l-17b-acethoxy-3-methoxy- 13-ethyl-8a-gone-1,3,5(10)-triene) were approximately the same, however the utherotropic action of these compounds was different: the compound 5 had significantly lower activity, but the compound 6 had the same effect in comparison with EE. Thus, all studied estrogen 8a-analogues may be used as basic constructions for structural modifications which is necessary as medications with while spectrum of biological properties.

An oxidized metabolite of linoleic acid increases intracellular calcium in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells

EKODE, an epoxy-keto derivative of linoleic acid, was previously shown to stimulate aldosterone secretion in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells ( 15 ). In the present study, we investigated the effect of exogenous EKODE on cytosolic [Ca2+] increase and aimed to elucidate the mechanism involved in this process. Through the use of the fluorescent Ca2+-sensitive dye Fluo-4, EKODE was shown to rapidly increase intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) along a bell-shaped dose-response relationship with a maximum peak at 5 μM. Experiments performed in the presence or absence of Ca2+ revealed that this increase in [Ca2+]i originated exclusively from intracellular pools. EKODE-induced [Ca2+]i increase was blunted by prior application of angiotensin II, Xestospongin C, and cyclopiazonic acid, indicating that inositol trisphosphate (InsP3)-sensitive Ca2+ stores can be mobilized by EKODE despite the absence of InsP3 production. Accordingly, EKODE response was not sensitive to the phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122. EKODE mobilized a Ca2+ store included in the thapsigargin (TG)-sensitive stores, although the interaction between EKODE and TG appears complex, since EKODE added at the plateau response of TG induced a rapid drop in [Ca2+]i. 9-Oxo-octadecadienoic acid, another oxidized derivative of linoleic acid, also increases [Ca2+]i, with a dose-response curve similar to EKODE. However, arachidonic and linoleic acids at 10 μM failed to increase [Ca2+]i but did reduce the amplitude of the response to EKODE. It is concluded that EKODE mobilizes Ca2+ from an InsP3-sensitive store and that this [Ca2+]i increase is responsible for aldosterone secretion by glomerulosa cells. Similar bell-shaped dose-response curves for aldosterone and [Ca2+]i increases reinforce this hypothesis.