“I was Confused … and Still am” Barriers Impacting the Help-Seeking Pathway for an Autism Diagnosis in Urban North India: A Mixed Methods Study

Timely recognition of autism in children is integral to improve developmental outcomes. This study used mixed-methods (84 case-registers and 20 in-depth interviews with caregivers of children with a diagnosis of autism) to explore the extent to which the nature of parental concerns and prior knowledge of developmental disorders impact the time between symptom recognition and autism diagnosis, and the contextual family, societal and health-system related factors that impede the autism help-seeking pathway. Lack of awareness of age-appropriate child developmental milestones, apparent amongst the community and health professionals, contributed to a 1.5-year delay between parental concerns and autism diagnosis. Recommendations to shorten this help-seeking pathway include harnessing the potential of non-specialist workers to increase awareness and enable developmental monitoring of young children through scalable tools.

A contextual family tree visualization design

With the increase in availability of online national archives and software to manage genealogical records, genealogy studies are growing in popularity. While conducting research, genealogists communicate their findings either in written narratives or in genealogical charts. In that context, visualization methods can be very effective for promoting the understanding of the intricacies of a family tree and the relations among its individuals. Most of the software designed for genealogy provides a collection of standard charts to plot family trees, despite having limited analysis capabilities in general. In addition, most of the research in family tree visualization designs have been focused on methods to represent very large trees in a restricted space. Herein, we propose the contextual family tree, a new visualization design for family trees that represents individuals and their spouses with enhanced details about their families’ context. The design was developed through an iterative prototype-evaluation design cycle. For illustrating the potential of our new visualization design, we used contextual family trees created from publicly available genealogical data communication files, showing that the design can be useful to provide a better understanding of the data and also for validating the consistency of the genealogical data.

Influence of Family Variables on Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization: A Systematic Literature Review

In recent years, the number of studies conducted on the influence of family variables oncyberbullying perpetration and victimization has increased, especially in terms of relational familyprocesses. The present review investigates the role played by family variables on cyberbullyingperpetration and victimization. A systematic literature review was conducted in five databases(ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and Web of Science) from October 2016 to October 2018.During this brief period of time, the number of publications on family variables and cyberbullying,both perpetration and victimization, has significantly increased. We eventually reviewed 34 studieswhich rigorously met the selection criteria of our research. For the analysis of the results, wedistinguish between two types of variables according to the following possibilities of pedagogicalintervention: Structural (contextual family variables and individual parental processes), anddynamic (relational family processes). Our review found evidence that there is more controversyaround structural variables than around dynamic variables. The most consistent variables are familycommunication and the quality of the family relationship. However, there is a perceived need forclarifying the influence that different structural variables, parental educational styles, and parentalmediation exert on the prevention and consolidation of cyberbullying perpetration andcybervictimization.

Family Business in Emerging Markets

The phenomenon of the family firm has received considerable attention in academia over the last two decades. Even though the family business field is becoming increasingly more legitimate, the vast majority of family business research has focused on developed countries, with emerging countries being largely underrepresented. This limitation ultimately restricts our understanding of family firms. Thus, to address this gap, this chapter proposes a conceptual model linking three dimensions: family, business, and context. The model considers the specificities of organizational, institutional, social, temporal, and spatial forces across contexts for studying family and business dimensions in emerging countries. The aim of this conceptual model is to capture the complexity of the connectivity among contextual, family, and business dimensions. Exploring, understanding, and predicting these connectivities is particularly relevant in emerging economies because of the economic and social importance of family firms. Therefore, this chapter contributes to our understanding of the family business phenomenon by presenting a brief literature review on what we know about the topic so far, proposing a conceptual model that presents the relevant dimensions for researching family businesses in emerging economies, and highlighting future lines of research to further expand the family business field.

Family Resources and Flourishing at Work: The Role of Core Self-Evaluations

According to the Work-Home Resources Model, contextual family resources increase personal resources, which, in turn, improve work outcomes. The present study investigated the direct effects of two contextual family resources (work- family enrichment and perceived social support from family) and one personal resource (core self-evaluations) on a work outcome (flourishing at work). The mediational role of core self-evaluations in these relationships was also investigated. The sample was composed of 519 Brazilian psychologists of both sexes. The Structural Equation Modeling showed that the contextual family resources and the personal resource predicted flourishing at work and that core self-evaluations mediated the relationships between contextual resources and flourishing at work. It was concluded that the acquisition of resources within the family and the positive evaluation of one’s own life can promote flourishing at work.