Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are an increasingly attractive option for renewable energy storage, thus providing flexibility for the supply of electrical energy. In recent years, research in this type of battery storage has been shifted from metal-ion based electrolytes to soluble organic redox-active compounds. Aqueous-based organic electrolytes are considered as more promising electrolytes to achieve “green”, safe, and low-cost energy storage. Many organic compounds and their derivatives have recently been intensively examined for application to redox flow batteries. This work presents an up-to-date overview of the redox organic compound groups tested for application in aqueous RFB. In the initial part, the most relevant requirements for technical electrolytes are described and discussed. The importance of supporting electrolytes selection, the limits for the aqueous system, and potential synthetic strategies for redox molecules are highlighted. The different organic redox couples described in the literature are grouped in a “family tree” for organic redox couples. This article is designed to be an introduction to the field of organic redox flow batteries and aims to provide an overview of current achievements as well as helping synthetic chemists to understand the basic concepts of the technical requirements for next-generation energy storage materials.

THE SOURCES OF KHOREZM: ABOUT KARAKALPAK INDIVIDUALS IN THE CIVIL SERVICE OF KHIVA KHANS

The article describes in new scientific research the external and internal services of the Karakalpak hero-centurion Taylak, who served in the state in the first quarter of the XIX century during the reign of Khiva khan Muhammad Rahimkhan I (1806-1825). KEYWORDS: Khiva, Historiography, Munis, Ogahi, "Firdavsi-il-iqbol" - "Garden of Happiness", Berdakh, Shajara (Family tree), Karakalpak individuals, Taylak - a brave centurion. Aris "Fourteen seeds", "Sheriyshi" seed. "Five castles".

The Statue of a Sistrum-Player in Montrose and Her Position in an Early Ptolemaic Theban Priestly Family

This article is the publication of an indurated limestone standing statue, now in Montrose Museum (ANGUSalive M1980.4578), identified as a Sistrum-player. The statue was collected in 1834 by Dr James Burnes IV, a relative of the Scottish poet Robert Burns, during a journey from India to Scotland. Stylistic features of the statue and its inscription are discussed here for the first time. Her family tree is also reconstructed based on known objects in international collections, restoring her to an important Theban priestly family of the early Ptolemaic Period, which is the largest yet proposed family tree for this group. This is followed by a discussion of the attested individuals.

ANCESTRY AND FAMILY IDENTITY IN SUETONIUS’ CAESARS

Suetonius’ Lives of the Caesars usually begin with a family tree. These family trees are often rhetorical, foreshadowing in the ancestors character traits that will be themes of the rest of the Life. This particular rhetorical strategy relies upon an older phenomenon of ‘family identity’—namely, the literary application of similar characteristics to people in the same family—such as the one that tells us that the Claudii are proud and the Domitii Ahenobarbi are ferocious. Gary Farney studied ‘family identity’ as a phenomenon of the Republic. There, it was the association of a family with a certain characteristic, a kind of ‘branding’. It would be perfectly obvious for Suetonius to use the family identities already in use for well-known families, but, as I show here, Suetonius’ selection of ancestors creates different family identities rather than simply using the traditional ones he would have found in other sources. In this study I concentrate on Nero and Tiberius. I focus on these two emperors because they are individuals where there is a known family identity in other sources and they also have the most detailed and elaborate ancestry sections in Suetonius’ Caesars. Family identity seems to be most interesting to Suetonius when it goes against expectations, and that is when Suetonius’ family trees are most elaborate.

ORHON’S MONUMENTS (8-TH CENTURY) AND “THE FAMILY TREE THE TURKMENS” ABU-L-GAZI (17-TH CENTURY)

On the basis of the comparative analysis of the corresponding sources concerning to stories theTurkmens and their direct ancestors — Oghuzs, along with an establishment of conceptual approaches toa problem the concrete episodes not revealed by researchers which serve also as a substantiation of theseapproaches are described earlier.