The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value During the COVID-19 Pandemic

In this chapter, the authors have investigated the effect of CSR on firm value during the pandemic. They used the event study technique and noted that an engagement in the CSR activities increases the stock returns to the hospitality firms during a pandemic crisis. The results showed that the hospitality firms that showed a better stock market performance during the pandemic invested in CSR activities. This would indicate a theoretical application and practical implication on their business duties towards the society, and any future research in CSR would allow them to successfully handle a critical disaster like this pandemic in the future.

Management and Organizational Research: Structural Topic Modeling for a Better Understanding of Theory Application

In management and organization research, theory development is often linked with developing a new theory. However, regardless of the number of existing theories, most theories remain empirically untested, and the progress in understanding the application of theories has been scarce. This article discusses how theories are applied in existing management and organization research studies. This study applies the Structural Topic Model to 4636 research papers from the S2ORC dataset. The results reveal twelve research themes, establish correlations, and document the evolution of themes over time. The findings of this study reveal that the theoretical application is not consistent across research themes, theories are primarily used for descriptive and communicative properties, and most research themes in management and organization research are more concerned with discovering phenomena rather than with understanding and forecasting them.

A new self-adaptive accelerated method for generalized split system of common fixed-point problem of averaged mappings

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new inertial self-adaptive algorithm for generalized split system of common fixed point problems of finite family of averaged mappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces. The weak convergence theorem of the proposed method is given and its theoretical application for solving several generalized problems is presented. The behavior and efficiency of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by some numerical tests.

A Qualitative Systematic Review on the Application of the Normalisation of Deviance Phenomenon Within High-Risk Industries

The concept of normalisation of deviance describes the gradual acceptance of deviant observations and practices. It was first coined in the 1990’s following a detailed examination of the Challenger space shuttle disaster. The phenomenon is founded upon the gradual desensitisation to risk experienced by individuals or groups who recurrently deviate from standard operating procedure without encountering negative consequences. Since its inception, normalisation of deviance has seen extensive, but segmented, application across numerous high-risk industrial contexts. Application and research of the phenomenon across these contexts has not yet been synthesised, resulting in a gap within the present literature that limits our understanding of its theoretical application. Consequently, the current paper describes a systematic review of the existing literature on the topic of normalisation of deviance within high-risk industrial settings. The aim of the review was to obtain an understanding of the concept’s application and evolution, synthesise common findings, and identify the nature and limitations of current methodology. The review process identified 34 papers that met all inclusion criteria. Based on the review an initial conceptual framework was developed to encapsulate identified themes and their interactions; key themes linked to normalisation of deviance included risk normalisation, production pressure, culture, and a lack of negative consequences. While preliminary, the present framework offers relevant insights into the phenomenon that may help guide future analysis using primary data sources and aid in the development of intervention methods.

Organized Crime in Albania: A Path Dependence Perspective

Albanian organized crime has gained attention from the media and academia due to its significant role in international criminal world. Many studies have showcased Albanian criminal groups’ main characteristics and what makes them stand out. Nevertheless, such studies lack a theoretical application that binds the findings and provides an extensive panorama of Albanian organized crime development. Implying that the formation of Albanian organized crime is not a coincidence but rather an ongoing process, this study refers to path dependence theory to explain such an occurrence. Traditionally, the study of path dependence has focused on explaining how standards or rules become reinforced and determinant in a set environment by passing through three sequential stages. Consequently, the study uses a three-phase model to analyze Albanian organized crime from its inception to its latest stage.

Study on the Theoretical System Construction and Role of Physical Education Based on Sports Social Psychology

Objectives: With the popularity of the national fitness program, sports theory has gradually become the focus of academic research. However, because of the behavior of the object and the complexity of the psychological, it is difficult to build a relatively perfect theoretical system. Based on this, in this paper, the theoretical application of social psychology in sports and the construction principles of sports theory system under sports social psychology were analyzed in detail. Methods: In order to verify the practical application of the theoretical system of sports in social psychology, physical education teaching system was regarded as a practical case. From the perspective of social psychology, role theory, physical education in the conflict and the root causes of physical education and psychological interaction and other content were studied, Results: the results show that the traditional sports teaching theory is not suitable for the development of the current students, and the new PE teaching system from the perspective of social psychology can better tap the potential of students. Conclusion: To sum up, the research in this paper can promote the development of sports in China and provide theoretical and technical support for physical education.

Using Artificial Intelligence for the Construction of University Physical Training and Teaching Systems

The combination of education and artificial intelligence is the developmental direction of future educational systems. Through the participation of artificial intelligence, an educational system with sensibility and computer rationality can be created. Albeit the advantages and importance of this education system are beyond doubt, nevertheless, at present, the combination of artificial intelligence and education is still in its infancy. This is because the theoretical application, equipment research, and development are neither perfect nor up to the required standard. The research points out the reality that artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in sports and analyzes the specific application of artificial intelligence in sports. In this paper, the knowledge of artificial intelligence is combined with the physical training and teaching in colleges and universities, and an educational system is developed to guide teachers' and students’ training, which improves the teaching quality and training efficiency.

Addressing social polarization through critical thinking: Theoretical application in the “Living Well With Difference” course in secondary schools in England

Responding to international calls for critical thinking programs to address social polarisations and extremism through education, this article examines the cognitive and socio-psychological foundations of a critical thinking programme for secondary schools in England called “Living Well With Difference” (LWWD). The aim of LWWD is to develop critical thinking about issues of social polarisation, prejudice and any kind of extreme thinking. These issues often involve the interaction of emotion and thinking, which is understood using a dual systems framework, illustrated with examples of course methodology and content. The learning process aims to promote more cognitively flexible, complex and integrated thinking, measured by integrative complexity, and is supported by meta-awareness to enable emotion management. The aim is for participants to engage with difficult social issues through structured group activities, while becoming aware of social, emotional, textual, visual and rhetorical influences to increase Media Information Literacy, as a foundation for engaging with differing perspectives in order to reduce barriers between groups in society.

Landscape Ecology in Mexico: Evolution, Research, Education and Future (Selected Theoretical and Meta-Scientific Aspects)

Context:The impulse to write this contribution was the effort of co-authors to bring the European landscape ecologist closer to the development, research & didactic approaches and possible future development of landscape ecology in Mexico from the theoretical, metascientific and applied point of view. Purpose: The purpose of the metascientific approach, in this case meta-landscape ecological approach, is to increase the degree of generalization of existing empirical-methodological, theoretical-application and didactic knowledge and results of landscape-ecological research, so that generally valid landscapeecological regularities and principles can be determined The aim was to acquire new generalizing and holistic qualities and perspectives in the field of landscape ecology in Mexico at this level. Methods: The two-step methodical procedure was elaborated, using metascientifically oriented landscape ecological and ecological Mexican literature, complemented by our studies and personal experience. Results: In this way, new knowledge, representing the added value and meaning of landscape ecologicalevolution, research, education and future development in Mexico was gained. It will serve also to Mexican landscap ecologists. Conclusiones: Mexican landscape ecology, lying at the intersection of European and American landscape ecology, can be described as integrative, idiographic-nomothetic at the spatial level of the landscape in the contact zone of European and American research approaches and principles.