Diagnostic utility of semen analysis in infertile couples: a prospective study

Background: Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse. It is broadly established that 40% cases of infertility has male factor. Semen analyses is an imperative diagnostic tool in the valuation of the male partners of infertile couples.Methods: We carried out a prospective study wherein semen analyses of the male partners of infertile couples presented to Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Associate Hospital, Jammu was done. A total of 300 cases were studied and comparison of each abnormality and combined defects were subjected to incidence distribution.Results: We analysed 300 samples in this study. Mean age of the men was 32.5 years. Duration of infertility in (200; 66.6%) was seen in men married for less than 5 years, (84; 28%) between 5-10 years of married life and there were (16; 5.3%) with more than 10 years of infertility period after marriage. Addiction to alcohol made the majority in our study (187; 62.3%), followed by tobacco chewing and addiction to both tobacco chewing and alcohol consumption (89; 29.6%) and (24; 8%), respectively, men were amongst those with abnormal seminograms.Conclusions: Male infertility is an alarming global health issue. Males contribute towards infertility in couples significantly and further study and assessment is required to accurately predict the importance of this.

Pulmonary Hypertension Roundtable: Conference Impressions and Applications

Guest Editor and Conference Scientific Sessions Chair Vinicio de Jesus Perez assembled a group of attendees to discuss their experiences at PHA's International Conference and Scientific Sessions in Orlando in June 2018. Participating in the conversation were Zhiyu Dai, PhD, Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; Elena Goncharova, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine and Bioengineering and head of PH Basic Research, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Division, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine; Kara Goss, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin, Madison; and Tim Lahm, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine. Adding to the conversation was Jair Tonorio, PhD, Research Associate, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Incidence of PostOperative Urinary Retention after Pelvic Organ Prolapse Reconstruction

Objective: To determine the incidence of post-operative urinary retention after pelvic organ prolapse reconstruction and associated factors. Method: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo and another associate hospital. We recruited women planned for pelvic organ prolapse reconstruction from April 2013 to April 2015. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were women with pelvic organ prolapse (2nd, 3rd and 4th degree) without prior urinary retention, drugs affecting bladder function, and history of bladder injury. After surgery, urinary catheter was applied for 24 hours. Six hours apart from urinary catheter released, residual urine was measured. Urinary retention was defined as residual urine more than 100 ml. Result: Of 200 subjects, 59 of them (29.5%) classified as having urinary retention. No association found between age, body mass index (BMI), degree of prolapse, degree of cystocele and urinary tract infection toward urinary retention. Total vagina hysterectomy + anterior colporaphy + colpoperineoraphy + sacrospinous fixation and reconstruction duration more than 130 minutes were associated with urinary retention (relative risk (RR) 3.66; 95% CI 2.91-4.60; p