Original research Factors of effective adaptation of grape plants to conditions

Одним из самых важные этапов технологии, от которого напрямую зависит эффективность процесса размножения, является адаптация растений in vitro к условиям ex vitro . Основная задача адаптации состоит в смягчении стрессовой нагрузки и обеспечении плавного перехода к культивированию в новых условиях. Цель исследования - определение факторов, обеспечивающих эффективную адаптацию растений винограда in vitro к условиям ex vitro на примере сорта-подвоя Кобер 5 ББ (Берландиери x Рипариа Кобер 5ББ). Использование для подсвета лампы белого дневного света и фитолампы являлось положительным фактором для ускорения процессов адаптации к условиям ex vitro , способствовало нормализации фотосинтеза, стимулированию морфогенеза и высокому уровню приживаемости. Применение субстрата на основе 100 % торфа верхового с показателями кислотности рН 5,6-6,5 позволило достичь 100 % приживаемости на этапе адаптации без дополнительной подкормки. На стадии доращивания адаптированных растений также целесообразно использование торфа в качестве субстрата, благодаря его антисептическим и бактерицидным свойствам, но уже с обязательными подкормками. В целом проведение адаптации в конце лета с последующей высадкой на доращивание в начале осени имеет положительную тенденцию. One of the most important technology stages, on which the efficiency of propagation process directly depends, is the adaptation of plants in vitro to ex vitro conditions. The main task of adaptation is to mitigate stress loading and ensure smooth transition to cultivation in new conditions. The aim of the study is to determine the factors, ensuring effective adaptation of grape plants in vitro to ex vitro conditions using the example of the rootstock variety ‘Kober 5 BB’ (‘Berlandieri x Riparia Kober 5BB’). Using of white daylight lamp and phytolamp for additional illumination is a positive factor for accelerating adaptation processes to ex vitro conditions, contributed to normalization of photosynthesis, stimulation of morphogenesis and high survival ability. Using of a substrate based on 100% high-moor peat with acidity of pH 5.6-6.5 made it possible to achieve 100% survival rate at the stage of adaptation without additional nutrition. At the stage of completing growing of adapted plants, it is also advisable to use peat as a substrate due to its antiseptic and bactericidal properties, but with obligatory extra-nutrition. In general, adaptation in late summer followed by planting to complete growing in early autumn has a positive development.

Sonochemical Synthesis of Ce-doped TiO2 Nanostructure: A Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalyst for Degradation of Toluene and O-Xylene

Ce-doped TiO2 nanostructures (CeT) with different amounts of Ce (0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt.%) were synthesized using a sonochemical processing method. The physicochemical properties of the prepared samples were explored using UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), field-emission TEM (FE-TEM), XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and surface area and pore size analyzers. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared CeT was assessed by monitoring their degradation efficiencies for gaseous toluene and o-xylene—widely known as significant indoor air pollutants—under daylight irradiation. The prepared CeT exhibited significantly improved photocatalytic performance towards the degradation of toluene and o-xylene, which was much higher than that observed for pure TiO2 and commercial P25 TiO2. Particularly, photocatalytic degradation efficiencies by the prepared CeT catalysts increased remarkably in the case of o-xylene (up to 99.4%) compared to toluene (up to 49.1%). The degradation efficiency by the CeT was greatest for the CeT-0.75 sample, followed by, in order, CeT-1.0, CeT-0.5, CeT-1.5, and CeT-2.0 samples in agreement with the order of the surface area and the particle size of the catalysts. According to the change of light source, the average decomposition efficiencies for toluene and o-xylene by CeT-0.75 were shown in the order of conventional daylight lamp > violet light emitting diodes (LEDs) > white LEDs. The decomposition efficiencies normalized to supplied electric power, however, were estimated to be in the following order of violet LEDs > white LEDs > conventional daylight lamp, indicating that the LEDs could be a much more energy efficient light source for the photodecomposition of target toluene and o-xylene using the CeT-0.75 photocatalyst.

Effective Photocatalytic Activity of Mixed Ni/Fe-Base Metal-Organic Framework under a Compact Fluorescent Daylight Lamp

Mixed Ni/Fe-base metal-organic framework (Ni/Fe-MOF) with different molar ratios of Ni2+/Fe3+ have been successfully produced using an appropriate solvothermal router. Physicochemical properties of all samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The photocatalytic degradation performances of the photocatalysts were evaluated in the decomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) under a compact fluorescent daylight lamp. From XRD, IR, XPS, and Raman results, with the presence of mixed ion Fe3+ and Ni2+, MIL-88B (MIL standing for Materials of Institut Lavoisier) crystals based on the mixed metal Fe2NiO cluster were formed, while MIL-53(Fe) was formed with the presence of single ion Fe3+. From UV-Vis DRS results, Ni/Fe-MOF samples exhibited the absorption spectrum up to the visible region, and then they showed the high photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. A Ni/Fe-MOF sample with a Ni2+/Fe3+ molar ratio of 0.3 showed the highest photocatalytic degradation capacity of RhB, superior to that of the MIL-53(Fe) sample. The obtained result could be explained as a consequence of the large surface area with large pore volumes and pore size by the Ni2+ incorporating into the MOF’s structure. In addition, a mixed metal Fe/Ni-based framework consisted of mixed-metal cluster Fe2NiO with an electron transfer effect and may enhance the photocatalytic performance.

Design and Realization of Intelligent LED Fluorescent Lighting Control System

The intelligent LED daylight lamp lighting control system is designed. According to the external light intensity, the control system which uses the PWM light modulation technology, ST89C52 Single Chip Microcontroller as the control system core, can adjust brightness of the LED daylight lamp automatically and accurately, and can also manually adjust the brightness. A comfortable lighting environment can created through the system for controlling the illumination source, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved. The control system which can be used for a variety of lighting situations has strong application value.

Effect of the Light Diffuser Plate of Micro V-Cut Prism Structure on the Optical Property of LED Daylight Lamp

In the paper, the transmission process of light in the light diffuser plate of micro V-cut prism structure was analyzed and the uniformity and transmittance of the diffuser were calculated based on Light Tools software; At the same time, the effect of micro V-cut prism structure, namely the height of the prismthe width of the prismthe aspect ratio of the prism and the arrangement of the prism on the uniformity and transmittance of the diffuser were simulated. The result shows that the light diffuser plate of micro V-cut prism structure has effective diffusion on the LED daylight lamp which integrated optical property of the uniformity and transmittance is more than 85%; Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the prism has a big influence on the optical property of the diffuser, it shows that the integrated optical property of the diffuser is best when the aspect ratio is 1.2.

Preparation of C Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts and their Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

TiO2 doped with C was obtained by way of immersion and calcinations method by using citric acid (CA) as dopant material.，and characterized by using XPS、XRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR and SPS. The results of analysis and characterization showed that C substituted partial Ti atoms in the lattice of TiO2 and formed Ti-O-C structure. The photocatalytic properties of C-TiO2 photocatalysts had been evidently improved as a result of a noticeable shift to visible region and the enhancement of the charge separation efficiency. The doped carbon lowers the band gap and expends the absorption of visible light region. CO2 was photocatalytically reduced to form HCOOH by the best C-TiO2-3/1-600 nanoparticles under the irradiation of the simulated daylight lamp. Methanoic acid yield may achieve 2633.98μmol/g-Cat when irradiation time is six hours.