COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF DIASTASIS RECTI IN PRIMIPARA AND MULTIPARA UNDERGONE FULL TERM NORMAL DELIVERY

After pregnancy, Diastasis Recti is fairly frequent in women. It happens when the rectus abdominis muscles separate along the linea alba, causing the linea alba to expand. Diastasis recti is caused by a number of reasons. Multiple pregnancies and hormonal factors are the first and most apparent. Because of the elevated levels of relaxin, progesterone, and oestrogen during pregnancy, the linea alba weakens due to connective tissue softening. Diastasis recti should be treated as soon as possible in women. Dial calipers are used to assess diastasis recti in women who have just given birth. A dial caliper is a basic and quick measurement tool. The aim of the present study was to find out “Prevalence of Diastasis Recti in Primipara and Multipara Undergone Full Term Normal Delivery”. This study was carried out in Physiotherapy OPD, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College and AVBRH, (Sawangi) Wardha. Diastasis recti was evaluated in full term normal delivery females. Diastasis recti was compared in primipara and multipara using dial calliper. The total number of full term normal delivery females in this study was 80 from the age group 22-37, of which 36 were primipara and 44 were multipara, and it showed that inter-rectal distance is greater in multipara while it was less in primipara.. From the present study we can conclude that there is presence of diastasis recti more in multipara than compared to primipara undergone full term normal delivery

Evaluation of Olive Oil Quality Grade Using a Portable Battery-Operated Sensor System

Olive oil quality is normally assessed by chemical analysis as well as sensory analysis to detect the presence of organoleptic defects. Two of the most important parameters that define the quality of olive oil are the free acidity and the peroxide index. These chemical parameters are usually determinated by manual titration procedures that must be carried out in a laboratory by trained personnel. In this paper, a portable sensor system to evaluate the quality grade of olive oil is presented. The system is battery operated and characterized by small dimensions, a light weight and quick measurement response. The working principle is based on the measurement of the electrical conductance of an emulsion between a hydro-alcoholic solution and the olive oil sample. Tests have been carried out on a set of 17 olive oil samples. The results have shown how for fresh olive oil samples, the olive oil’s free acidity can be estimated from the electrical conductance of the emulsion. In the case of oxidized olive oil, the measured electrical conductance is also the function of the oxidation level, and a conductance threshold can be set to discriminate between extra virgin olive oils and lower-quality grade oils. The proposed system can be a low-cost alternative to standard laboratory analysis to evaluate the quality grade of olive oil.

The effect of long time wear on thermal comfort properties of various parts of denim trousers

In this paper, thermal comfort parameters of various parts of selected standard denim trousers subject to 2 years of daily wearing are experimentally investigated, both under dry and wet state. The study is based on the use of fast testing instruments, which require small testing samples and quick measurement. From the study, it is inferred that wearing of denim trouser really changes the properties, some of them negatively, but the affected areas are small.

On-Chip Multiple Particle Velocity and Size Measurement Using Single-Shot Two-Wavelength Differential Image Analysis

Precise and quick measurement of samples’ flow velocities is essential for cell sorting timing control and reconstruction of acquired image-analyzed data. We developed a simple technique for the single-shot measurement of flow velocities of particles simultaneously in a microfluidic pathway. The speed was calculated from the difference in the particles’ elongation in an acquired image that appeared when two wavelengths of light with different irradiation times were applied. We ran microparticles through an imaging flow cytometer and irradiated two wavelengths of light with different irradiation times simultaneously to those particles. The mixture of the two wavelength transmitted lights was divided into two wavelengths, and the images of the same microparticles for each wavelength were acquired in a single shot. We estimated the velocity from the difference of its elongation divided by the difference of irradiation time by comparing these two images. The distribution of polystyrene beads’ velocity was parabolic and highest at the center of the flow channel, consistent with the expected velocity distribution of the laminar flow. Applying the calculated velocity, we also restored the accurate shapes and cross-sectional areas of particles in the images, indicating this simple method for improving of imaging flow cytometry and cell sorter for diagnostic screening of circulating tumor cells.

Quick assessment of the potato chip crispness using the mechanical-acoustic measurement method

Traditional assessment method for the food crispness was sensory analysis which was time consuming and needed experienced panelists. Aiming to to develop a quick evaluation of the food crispness, a mechanical-acoustic testing method was proposed where two parameters-maximum force (Fmax) and maximum acoustic energy in unit time (SEmax) were applied to assess the crispness of dried potato chips. It was found the mechanical-acoustic testing was completed in about 1.2 s and the potato chips had a statistic distributions for Fmax and SEmax. The brand A potato chips had a statistic average Fmax of 13.48 N and SEmax of 93.51 mV·ms. Three kinds of potato chips can be effectively differentiated according to the statistic average SEmax and Fmax. Sensory “crispness” had a good correlation with the statistic average SEmax. This work shows that it is feasible for a quick measurement of the food crispness using this mechanical-acoustic method.

Measurement and Compensation of Tool Contour Error Using White Light Interferometry for Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning of Freeform Surfaces

In ultra-precision diamond turning of freeform optics, it is necessary to obtain submicron-level form accuracy with high efficiency. In this study, we proposed a new method for the quick measurement and compensation of tool contour errors to improve the form accuracy of the workpiece. In this method, the nanometer-scale contour error of a diamond tool is quickly and precisely measured using a white light interferometer and then compensated for, before machining. Results showed that the contour of a diamond tool was measured with an error less than 0.05 μm peak-to-valley (P-V) and the feasibility of error compensation was verified through cutting experiments to create a paraboloid mirror and a microlens array. The form error decreased to 0.2 μm P-V regardless of the contour error of the diamond tools when cutting the paraboloid mirror, and that of the microlens array was reduced to 0.15 μm P-V during a single machining step.

Developing of Low-Cost Air Pollution Sensor—Measurements with the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Poland

This article presents the capabilities and selected measurement results from the newly developed low-cost air pollution measurement system mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The system is designed and manufactured by the authors and is intended to facilitate, accelerate, and ensure the safety of operators when measuring air pollutants. It allows the creation of three-dimensional models and measurement visualizations, thanks to which it is possible to observe the location of leakage of substances and the direction of air pollution spread by various types of substances. Based on these models, it is possible to create area audits and strategies for the elimination of pollution sources. Thanks to the usage of a multi-socket microprocessor system, the combination of nine different air quality sensors can be installed in a very small device. The possibility of simultaneously measuring several different substances has been achieved at a very low cost for building the sensor unit: 70 EUR. The very small size of this device makes it easy and safe to mount it on a small drone (UAV). Because of this device, many harmful chemical compounds such as ammonia, hexane, benzene, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, as well as flammable substances such as hydrogen and methane, can be detected. Additionally, a very important function is the ability to perform measurements of PM2.5 and PM10 suspended particulates. Thanks to the use of UAV, the measurement is carried out remotely by the operator, which allows us to avoid the direct exposure of humans to harmful factors. A big advantage is the quick measurement of large spaces, at different heights above the ground, in different weather conditions. Because of the three-dimensional positioning from GPS receiver, users can plot points and use colors reflecting a concentration of measured features to better visualize the air pollution. A human-friendly data output can be used to determine the mostly hazardous regions of the sampled area.