Stress and imagining future selves: resolve in the hot/cool framework

Although Ainslie dismisses the hot/cool framework as pertaining only to suppression, it actually also has interesting implications for resolve. Resolve focally involves access to our future selves. This access is a cool system function linked to episodic memory. Thus, factors negatively affecting the cool system, such as stress, are predicted to impact two seemingly unrelated capabilities: willpower and episodic memory.

Bidirectional Association Between Self-Control and Internalizing Problems Among College Freshmen: A Cross-Lagged Study

For the young adult, entering tertiary education brings inevitable pressures and stresses. Faced with these stressors, students are vulnerable to internalizing problems. Both the social cognitive theory of self-regulation and hot/cool system theory suggest that while self-control plays a crucial role in protecting against internalizing problems in college students, such internalizing problems can also impair self-control. To test this idea, the present study used a two-wave longitudinal design, spanning 6 months apart, to investigate the predictive effect of self-control on subsequent internalizing problems and, conversely, the effect of internalizing problems on later self-control among college freshmen. As predicted, the results of cross-lagged model supported a bidirectional association between self-control and internalizing problems. Theoretically, these findings suggest a spiral development of self-control in relation to internalizing problems during emerging adulthood. Practically, intervention programs may target both issues of self-control and internalizing problems to optimize the psychological health of college freshmen.

The neuroanatomical correlates of individual differences in delay discounting: A voxel-based morphometry study

Delay discounting refers to the reduction in the present value of a future reward as the delay to that reward increases, which is related to various problematic behaviors, such as substance abuse. In this study, we explored the neuroanatomical correlates of delay discounting by employing voxel-based morphometry and the individual difference approach. We found that participants’ delay discounting, measured by the Monetary Choice Questionnaire, was correlated with the gray matter volume (GMV) of two cortical regions. On the one hand, individuals with a larger GMV of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) were likely to discount future values less steeply and choose large but delayed rewards. On the other hand, individuals with a larger GMV of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are likely to discount the future value more steeply and prefer small but immediate rewards. Our study revealed the neuroanatomical correlates of delay discounting across the whole brain, and may help to understand the delay discounting in the frame of the hot versus cool system, which demonstrates the dynamics of resisting present temptation for future rewards.

Thermodynamic of Moving Mould in Anode Plate Vertical Casting Device

Machinery, especially, lead electrolysis Non-ferrous Metallurgy industry needs higher and higher temperature accuracy in manufacturing equipments by accompanying the development of the science and technology. During the process of lead electrolysis manufacturing equipment, the anode plate vertical casting system is a producing device which aims to complete the casting of the anode plate. However, simple cool system and poor cool effect and lower production efficiency of the domestic anode plate manufacturing equipment are the common short comings which exist currently. Therefore, we designed in Solidworks based on a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical structure of the mold, and obtain the time of right temperature of moving mould in a stable state, thought to verify the rationality of the design of the equipment cooling system.