Poisonings After a Hurricane: Lessons From the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System (NJPIES) During and Following Hurricane Sandy

Objective: Hurricane Sandy made landfall in New Jersey on October 29, 2012, resulting in widespread power outages and gasoline shortages. These events led to potentially toxic exposures and the need for information related to poisons/toxins in the environment. This report characterizes the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System (NJPIES) call patterns in the days immediately preceding, during, and after Hurricane Sandy to identify areas in need of public health education and prevention. Methods: We examined NJPIES case data from October through December 2012. Most Sandy-related calls had been coded as such by NJPIES staff. Additional Sandy-related cases were identified by performing a case narrative review. Descriptive analyses were performed for timing, case frequencies, exposure substances, gender, caller site, type of information requests, and other data. Results: The most frequent Sandy-related exposures were gasoline and carbon monoxide (CO). Gasoline exposure cases were predominantly males and CO exposure cases, females (P < 0.0001). Other leading reasons for Sandy-related calls were poison information, food poisoning/spoilage information, and water contamination. Conclusions: This analysis identified the need for enhanced public health education and intervention to improve the handling of gasoline and encourage the proper use of gasoline-powered generators and cleaning and cooking equipment, thus reducing toxic exposures.

Problems of organization of school nutrition in secondary general schools of the city of Tashkent

Objective. Analysis of organization of school nutrition based on an interview survey conducted among teachers, health providers, kitchen workers, and parents of schoolchildren of secondary general schools. Material and methods. In order to determine the problems of the organization of school meals we used a method of an interview survey of 615 people, including 256 teachers, 27 health providers, 68 kitchen workers and 264 parents of schoolchildren of Tashkent secondary general schools. Overall, 9 kitchens were checked, of them 77.8% were canteens preparing meals from raw and semi-finished foodstuffs, and 22.2% were tuck-shops. Results. Among kitchen workers, 14.3% had higher and incomplete higher education, 64.3% had specialized vocational education; in 100% of cases they had a health certificate with indication of the date of medical examination, but more than half of them had no sanitation training or attestation. Only 51% of the kitchen staff could correctly describe the technology of washing dishes, cooking equipment, tools and utensils, and facilities, safe food storage and the sanitary-hygienic requirements to meal preparation. Disinfection and disinfestation of kitchen facilities in more than 55% of cases were performed by the school staff. In 78.6% of cases, territorial sanitary-epidemiological inspectors supervised the organization of school nutrition. According to 30% of respondents, the existing system of organization school nutrition was not satisfactory. Conclusion. More than 60% of the teaching staff, health providers and parents believe that the optimal variant for healthy food provision for schoolchildren is a canteen working directly with raw or semi-manufactured foodstuffs. In order to improve organization of school nutrition and satisfy the needs of schoolchildren for high-quality and safe meals it is expedient to build large food-processing complexes in the city of Tashkent. Key words: organization of school nutrition, state of school kitchens, survey among secondary school staff

THREE BUCKETS SYSTEM FOR FOOD STREET INDUSTRY. CASE STUDY IN BANDUNG AND PALEMBANG

Food Street has become an Industry in Indonesia with growth Manificiently year by year, Many Business Cities such as Bandung- Capital City of West Java and Palembang- Capital City of South Sumatera, Food street industry in Indonesia is very rapidly development, All major cities in Indonesia have main area for food street vendors, and has become part of Lifestyle, Cleanliness is a Important issue that Domestic and Foreign Tourists are very detail mentioned on this matter, Food Hygiene, This research emphasizes the Solution of Cleaning Equipment and Cooking Hygiene Problems, Three Buckets System is adopted from cleanliness procedure on cruise ship, with the Wash - Rinse and Sanitize System then the Hygiene Guarantee will be more effective.Based on 6 (six) Principles of Food Hygiene,one of mentioned is Hygiene of Cookware and Dinner wares,Use of the Three Buckets System at a Street Vendor using the Portable (Three Bucket System) Tool to make it easier for Street Merchants to use the tool at a cost that is not large.Of the 250 Respondents interviewed 90% stated that cleanliness is very important in considering buying decisions in the street vendors.Some obstacles faced by Food Street Vendors in maintaining cleanliness are the availability of clean running water, Places and costs incurred in making washing Equipment, with Three Buckets System is expected to be a solution in maintaining cleanliness so that customer health can be maintained with cleanliness of Cooking Equipment and Utensils till Dinner Wares.

Rituals and Feasting as Incentives for Cooperative Action at Early Neolithic Göbekli Tepe

During the tenth and ninth millennia BC, at Göbekli Tepe in southeastern Anatolia monumental circular buildings that include monolithic and richly decorated limestone pillars were erected by early Neolithic communities. The present contribution addresses the question how these rather small-scale groups were able to generate and maintain social cohesion not only on a level basic to their survival but also sufficient for the realization of this enormous construction work. The distribution of the characteristic imagery, centred on animal motifs, shows that people from distances of up to 200 km gathered at the site. Large amounts of bones and cooking equipment are evidence of large, ritualized feasts as a mode to gather workforces and ensure cooperation. Evidence for beer-like beverages adds another nuance to these feasts. Altered states of consciousness may also have played a key role in the rituals held within the buildings, that further fostered intragroup cohesion.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) MANDIRI BERSAMA BANK MANDIRI DI MRICAN UMBULHARJO

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an important part of a company, because in Indonesia there are laws that regulation of CSR. In addition to complying with the Act, CSR is also carried out because of the company’s awareness in assisting the country in alleviating poverty. One of the companies in the banking sector—Bank Mandiri—has a CSR program with empowerment, namely Mandiri Bersama Mandiri (MBM). This study attempts to describe the concept, implementation and results of the MBM program conducted by Bank Mandiri in Mrican, Giwangan, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta. The results of this study indicate that the concept of Bank Mandiri’s CSR in the MBM program in broad outline is to build community independence through the utilization of local potential. The implementation of CSR carried out by Bank Mandiri through urban agriculture development programs, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), and the development of public facilities. Meanwhile, the results of physical empowerment are the creation of a clean and beautiful environment in Mrican, the realization of community meeting halls, increased cooking equipment for PKK mothers, savings in expenditure, and the creation of an increase in the community's economy. Non-physical is the formation of public awareness, increased knowledge of the community, the formation of skilled mothers, and the creation of community independence.