Urban Densification and Social Sustainability: A Case Study of Dhaka

Dhaka is regarded as a thriving megacity of South Asia. The key challenges that the bustling hub is confronted with are land scarcity and the growing population. With limited land supply, the city is copping to accommodate its ever-growing population through two development strategies, namely densification and vertical expansion. Densification is regarded as an effective tool in guiding the urbanization process, while vertical expansion can be considered as a complementary part of this strategy. When it comes to application in an urban environment as a strategy, the subjective attributes of density need to be taken into consideration along with its objective aspects. As the concept of crowdedness differs generally among people belonging to different cultures, statuses, ethnicity, and geographic location, the livable density standard is also supposed to vary accordingly. The concept of habitable density for any community is profoundly related to the various aspects of social sustainability. Since densification has been taking place in Dhaka without any guidelines, the livability conditions with regards to the social sustainability of the city dwellers are largely compromised. Therefore, there is an urgent need to assess the sustainability of the residential areas of Dhaka, which have been developing as a by-product of the unguided densification process taking place over the recent decades.

Evaluation of Outsourcing Development in the Service Sector

The global pandemic has affected all sectors and disrupted not only supply chains but also had a particular impact on the range of services provided and the whole service sector. Outsourcing is used to adapt to business environment changes. However, in the scholarly literature, outsourcing of services is analysed as a complementary part of the manufacturing process—there is a lack of research on outsourcing in service companies. This article analyses the enablers of outsourcing in all service groups. The aim of the semi-structured interview was to determine not only the enablers, their significance in each WTO (World Trade Organisation) group of services but also the use of outsourcing in the provision of core and non-core services. The results of the empirical study revealed that outsourcing is increasingly used in the service sector; however, enablers vary depending on the provision of services, the nature of the service company’s activities, and the needs they meet, public or for-profit.

The most recommended neuroanatomy resources for neurosurgeons: an international survery

Background: Neuroanatomy is the core basis for neurosurgical excellence. The quantity of accessible neuroanatomy resources has witnessed exponential growth in recent years. Accumulating a list of popular sources and getting them ranked by neurosurgeons was the motivation behind this investigation. Methods: A list of neuroanatomy resources was compiled using Google search wherein multiple sets of variable combinations of keywords were used. A three-section, eleven-item questionnaire was designed by two neurosurgeons and revised by a third independent reviewer. Neurosurgeons from different parts of the world were invited to participate. The participants were asked to rank the neuroanatomy textbook and non-book online source that they would recommend to neurosurgeons and the features that make a textbook appealing to them. Results: A total of 250 neurosurgeons at different levels of training responded to our questionnaire. Overall, “Rhoton’s Cranial Anatomy and Surgical Approach: Albert L. Rhoton Jr., Doctor of Medicine” was the most commonly chosen textbook that the neurosurgeons would use to revise neuroanatomy (86.0%; n = 215), recommend for residents (80.8%; n = 202) and recommend for certified surgeons (Continuing Medical Education (59.8%; n = 150), where applicable. “Illustrations” was rated as the most important neuroanatomy textbook quality by 53% (n = 134). “Rhoton collection” was the most popular online source (65.7%; n = 164.25). Chi-square tests showed no association between years of experience and the textbooks neurosurgeons recommended. Conclusion: Based on our study Rhoton’s book and his online collection are the leading neuroanatomy resources, recommended by neurosurgeons for neurosurgeons worldwide. The other selected resources can be implemented as a complementary part of a comprehensive neuroanatomy teaching curriculum. Knowing the relevance of these assets from a neurosurgeon’s perspective is valuable in directing future educational plan updates and recommendations.

Trends in Grinding of Agroindustrial Products–A Literature review

Background: The milling of food in agro-industrial products has become an operation of high importance at a business, academic and research level. Objective: This article aims to present the results of a literature review on food milling, with the purpose to identify the most recent uses, types of mills, and new grinding trends. Methods: For this, a research equation was made with the keywords "grinding", "milling" and "food" in Scopus, which yielded as results 192 articles, 52 which are directly related to food, were analyzed. Results: Contributions were found in various types of grinding such as cryogenic grinding, nano-scaled grinding, ultrafine and superfine grinding. Conclusion: The authors highlighted the uses of these types of milling in Agro-industrial products such as nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), wheat bran (Triticum spp), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and green tea powder (Camellia sinensis), among others. It is observed that engineering texts dealing with theoretical and analytical food milling operations do not emphasize the new trends found. As a complementary part of this study, eight patents related to cryogenic grinding in food were analyzed, identifying uses of this type of grinding in coffee, lipids, lycopene, proteins, grains, and seeds; Besides, a query was carried out to find out commercial suppliers of cryogenic grinding equipment, in which six companies from China with their equipment were identified.

Numerical Investigation on the Added Resistance and Seakeeping Performance of KVLCC2 with the SWENSE Method

In this study, the added resistance and seakeeping performance of the KVLCC2 ship is investigated by using the spectral wave explicit Navier-Stokes equations (SWENSE) method. The SWENSE method is based on the decomposition of the total field into an incident part explicitly obtained by the wave potential flow theory and a complementary part solved with a modified Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver. Therefore, the computational efficiency can be achieved by using a relatively coarse mesh in the far field, retaining the accuracy of the incident waves. A parametric study is performed under regular wave conditions with 3Degree of Freedom (DOF) motions of the hull. The results are compared with the large literature available. An additional case is simulated to demonstrate the capability of the present method in simulating seakeeping problems in irregular sea states. Good agreement between the computed results with the reference data can be observed for the hull model, which indicates that the added resistance and seakeeping performances can be well predicted by the present method.

The knowledge as a complementary part of the intellectual capital of the enterprises in the era of the digital economy

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of the main changes expected in the framework of the digital economy are considered. Particular attention is paid to the areas of transformation the knowledge capital in these conditions. A driver of modern digital economy should be regarded as an intellectual capital that based on the combined use of the intangible assets and the information resources of the enterprises. The formation of the intellectual capital of a company is viewed from a systemic perspective and in conjunction with the formation of the knowledge capital of the enterprises. Prpose. The purpose of our article is to determine the distinctive role of corporate knowledge in the formation of the intellectual capital of the enterprise in the digital economy, substantiation of the principle of complementarity in the trajectory of modern transformations of knowledge capital of the organization within the concept of the intellectual capital. Methods. We have used a set of general and special methods in this article (they are historical and logical method, method of analysis and synthesis, grafhic constraction, scientific abstraction). Results. The article presents the author’s view on the emergence of the knowledge capital of the enterprises in the context of the prevailing economic theories, based on an analysis of the evolution of the category «knowledge». The role of knowledge capital for the intellectual capital of the enterprises and its essence in the relational (customer) capital, organisational capital and human capital of the company, firms. The carried-out analysis and synthesis of the existing approaches on studying of intellectual capital of the enterprises taking into account specifics of the knowledge capital of the company are used to support existing managerial policies for better retention practices and management of human resources, for better management practices of the enterprises. Prospects. The leading vector for the development of the intellectual capital of the enterprises in the digital economy should be the question of designing the process of cumulation, classification, measurement and transformation of knowledge capital, as well as the development of tools for translating its elements into materialized and innovative assets of the organization.

A variational property of the von Kármán plate problem

The solution of the boundary value problem of anisotropic Föppl–von Kármán plates is shown to be a critical point for a suitable energy functional. Moreover, under the assumption that the minimum of the total energy exists, we prove a saddle-point property and also deduce from it the form of the boundary conditions for plates clamped on part of the boundary and loaded on the complementary part.

SONGKOK CELLENG

Songkok Celleng is the mention of headgear for men in terms of the Maduresecommunity or often referred to as a cap and kopyah. The head covering or known asSongkok Celleng is a complementary part in dressing for the santri (student in IslamicBoarding School), traditional clothing in the community to clothing for bureaucratswho have an implicit significance in its use. In this scientific work, the writer uses asemiotic qualitative method according to Charles Sanders Pierce who specificallydescribes that the sign is able to represent something else. In addition, Pierce alsodefines the sign as something that can not be separated from the object of referenceand understanding of the subject of signs with trichotomy: representamen,interpretants and objects. From the research conducted, the conclusions that can beshown by the author are: (1) Songkok celleng (representamen) is a santri identitycontaining philosophical meaning of obedience or submission (interpretant) in theform of a head covering (object). (2) Songkok celleng is always present with the spiritof nationalism introduced by the First President of Indonesia (Sukarno) that SongkokCelleng is a national identity also strengthened by government regulations issuedduring the Soekarno administration.

Paradigma fikih baru Jamal al-Banna dan relevansinya terhadap pembaruan peran perempuan dalam hukum keluarga Islam (Fiqh al-Munakahat)

The role of women, according to classical fiqh (Islamic law) literature, especially fiqh al-Munakah}at (Islamic family law), tends to be regarded as a complementary part of domestic life. Their role is limited to the domestic territory, and restrain to play a public role. This paper tries to reconstruct the role of women in Islamic family law, utilizing the new fiqh paradigm initiated by Jamal al-Banna. To answer this problem, the author conducted a literature study by examining two works of Jamal: Nah}wa Fiqhin Jadid and Al-Mar'ah al-Muslimah bayna Tah}rir Al-Qur'an wa Taqyid al-Fuqaha'. This paper concludes that some issues regarding the role of women in Islamic family law need renewal. There are four crucial issues that are reviewed using the new fiqh paradigm of Jamal al-Banna, namely the minimum age of marriage, wali’s ijbar rights, polygamy, and divorce.

Paradigma fikih baru Jamal al-Banna dan relevansinya terhadap pembaruan peran perempuan dalam hukum keluarga Islam (Fiqh al-Munakahat)

The role of women, according to classical fiqh (Islamic law) literature, especially fiqh al-Munakah}at (Islamic family law), tends to be regarded as a complementary part of domestic life. Their role is limited to the domestic territory, and restrain to play a public role. This paper tries to reconstruct the role of women in Islamic family law, utilizing the new fiqh paradigm initiated by Jamal al-Banna. To answer this problem, the author conducted a literature study by examining two works of Jamal: Nah}wa Fiqhin Jadid and Al-Mar'ah al-Muslimah bayna Tah}rir Al-Qur'an wa Taqyid al-Fuqaha'. This paper concludes that some issues regarding the role of women in Islamic family law need renewal. There are four crucial issues that are reviewed using the new fiqh paradigm of Jamal al-Banna, namely the minimum age of marriage, wali’s ijbar rights, polygamy, and divorce.