Wear of Functionally Graded Coatings under Frictional Heating Conditions

Multilayered and functionally graded coatings are extensively used for protection against wear of the working surfaces of mechanisms and machines subjected to sliding contact. The paper considers the problem of wear of a strip made of a functionally graded material, taking into account the heating of the sliding contact from friction. Wear is modeled by a moving strip along the surface of a hard abrasive in the form of a half-plane. With the help of the integral Laplace transform with respect to time, the solutions are constructed as convolutions from the law of the introduction of an abrasive into the strip and the original in the form of a contour integral of the inverse Laplace transform. The study of the integrands of contour quadratures in the complex plane allowed determination of the regions of stable solutions to the problem. Unstable solutions of the problem lead to the concept of thermoelastic instability of the contact with friction and formed regions of unstable solutions. The solutions obtained made it possible to determine a formula for the coefficient of functionally graded inhomogeneity of the coating material and to study its effect on the occurrence of thermoelastic instability of the contact taking friction into account, as well as on its main characteristics: temperature, displacement, stress and wear of the functionally graded material of the coating. The effects of the abrasive speed, contact stresses and temperature on wear of the coating with the functionally graded inhomogeneity of the material by the depth were investigated.

Review of Functionally Graded Thermal Sprayed Coatings

The paper briefly describes major thermal spray techniques used to spray functionally graded coatings such as atmospheric plasma spraying, high velocity oxy-fuel spraying, suspension and solution precursor plasma spraying, and finally low and high pressure cold gas spray method. The examples of combined spray processes as well as some examples of post spray treatment including laser and high temperature treatments or mechanical one, are described. Then, the solid and liquid feedstocks used to spray and their properties are shortly discussed. The reviewed properties of functional coatings include: (i) mechanical (adhesion, toughness, hardness); (ii) physical (porosity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity, thermal expansion, photo-catalytic activity), and; (iii) bioactivity and simulated body fluid (SBF) corrosion. These properties are useful in present applications of functionally graded coatings as thermal barriers, the bioactive coatings in prostheses, photo-catalytic coatings in water treatment, coatings used in printing industry (anilox and corona rolls). Finally, some of the future possible fields of functional thermal sprayed coatings applications are discussed, e.g., to coat polymer substrates or to use the cheap technology of low pressure cold gas spray method instead of expensive technology of vacuum plasma spraying to obtain bond coatings.

Simple Explicit Analytical Solution for Indentation of a Half-Space with a Coating by a Conical Punch

The present paper is devoted to the construction of the approximate solution of the contact problem on a conical punch indentation into an elastic isotropic half-space with coating. The solution is suitable for both homogeneous (when elastic moduli are constant) and multilayered or functionally-graded coatings (when elastic moduli change with depth). The solution was obtained using the bilateral asymptotic method in the analytical form. The kernel trans-form approximation was obtained as the ratio of two quadratic functions and contains only one parameter. Thus, the scheme of the approximate analytical solution was constructed in a significantly simplified manner in comparison with the general case in which the product of fractional-quadratic functions is used. Such an approach allowed us to obtain explicit analytical expressions for the distribution of contact stresses and the force-displacement dependences in a simplified form, convenient for engineering calculations. The influence of the parameter characterizing the relative Young's modulus of the coating on the characteristics of contact interaction was analyzed. The accuracy of the obtained solution was studied depending on the ratio of the elastic moduli of the coating and the substrate using a series of homogeneous coatings as an example. Particular attention was paid to the investigation of the indentation stiffness - the most important characteristic used in experimental researches. The results of the work can be used to describe an experiment on nanoindentation of materials with coatings using either a conical or a Berkovich indenter.

On a model of indentation for a functionally graded strip

When different elements of engineering structures are manufactured, functionally graded coatings are applied to provide them with desired properties. The determination of the properties of the coatings after the coating process is an important stage in their development. Note that one of the most widely used techniques to identify the properties of new materials, including coatings, is the indentation method.