Profile of Bioactive Phyto-compounds in Essential Oil of Cymbopogon martinii from Palani Hills, Western Ghats, INDIA

Worldwide interest in use of plants based natural products (PBNPs) has been growing, and its beneficial effects being rediscovered for the development of novel drugs. Literature survey on indigenous traditional knowledge bestows ethnopharmacological potentials of PBNPs that has inspired current research in drug design and discovery; PBNPs provide baseline for the development of novel drug leads against various pharmacological targets. Studies indicate that Cymbopogon martini Essential Oil (CMEO) exhibit wide range of biological activities such as hepatoprotective, antifungal, insecticide, antioxidant and antibacterial. Pharmacological properties in Palmarosa Essential Oil (PEO) may be due to the presence of compounds like 4-Decen-6-yne, (Z), 2-Ethylimino-4-methyl-pent-3-enenitrile, Dihydrocarvyl acetate, 2-Methylbenzaldehyde, Geranyl butyrate, 1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene. However, its application is limited because of the odor, color and taste. In the present study, GCMS based profile of bioactive phyto-compounds in essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii along with its physiochemical, biological, molecular, pharmacological and drugable properties has been envisaged. Keywords: Cymbopogon martinii Essential Oil (CMEO); Pharmacological Activity; ADMET Properties; Bioactive Compounds; Plant Based Natural Products (PBNPs);

Komposisi Bahan Volatil Ekstraks Kulit batang Antiaris toxicaria Lesch yang Tumbuh di Pulau Kalimantan

Antiaris spp yang tumbuh di pulau Kalimantan telah dikenal sebagai tanaman pada kulit batangnya menghasilkan getah dan telah digunakan sebagai racun sumpit dan obat tradisional. Namun hingga saat ini belum ada laporan penelitian tentang kandungan komponen volatil di kulit batang tanaman tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kimia Organik (Ekstraksi bahan volatil), analisis GC-MS di laboratorium Pusat Ilmu Hayati Universitas Brawijaya, pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2017. Tujuan penelitian untuk memberikan informasi tentang komposisi kimia minyak atsiri dalam kulit Antiaris spp yang dihasilkan dari metode destilasi. Distilat diekstraksi dengan 2 pelarut polaritas yang berbeda yaitu n-heksana dan etil asetat. Komposisi kimiawi ekstrak tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil analisis GC-MS pada pelarut n-heksana menunjukkan adanya senyawa volatil seperti isoforon (35,795%), sitronelal (0,52%), β-patchoulene (0,186%), geranyl acetate (0,377%), Z-3 - hexadecene (0,543%), geranyl butyrate (0,323%), asam palmitat (0,677%), terpenol (0,352%), terpeniol hidrat (0,246%) dan citronelllyl acetate (0,233%). Sedangkan dalam pelarut etil asetat mengandung β-patchoulene (1,799%), α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde (0,949%), alpha-octadecene (6,135%), alkohol miristat (3,554%) dan asam heksadekanoat (5,724%). Pelarut n-heksan memberikan hasil bahan volatil yang lebih kompleks dibandingkan etil asetat.

The Potential use of Geraniol Esters from Citronella Oil as Anticancer Agents

Geraniol which is mainly contained in citronella oil is one of the Indonesian natural products with anticancer potential. In this study, synthesis of geranyl butyrate, geranyl caproate, and geranyl caprylate from geraniol was conducted using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. The aim was to enhance the anticancer activity of geraniol as a starting material. In order to achieve this, its esters were identified through the use of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR). They were analyzed for their potential as anticancer agents through Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) against Artemia salina Leach, Mosmann method against murine leukemia (P388) cells and normal (Vero) cells. It was found that geraniol esters have the potential to be anticancer compounds. This was indicated by LC50 values of 0.96-1.46 µg/ml against A. salina L, IC50 values of 22.34-32.29 µg/ml against P388 cells, and very less cytotoxic effect on Vero cells with IC50 values of 116.08-172.93 µg/ml. Therefore, there is an expectation that acyclic ester compounds should be used in treating cancer.

Experimental solubilities of two lipid derivatives in supercritical carbon dioxide and new correlations based on activity coefficient models

Solubilities of 10-undecen-1-ol and geranyl butyrate were determined and correlated based on new models by combinations of solution/association theories.

Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Aerial Parts and Fruit of Anisosciadium Orientale

The essential oils from aerial parts and fruits of Anisosciadium orientale DC. growing wild in Iran were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventy-one compounds were identified in the fruit oil and fifteen in the oil from the aerial parts. The main oil components of the fruits and aerial parts were myristicin (33.5%-33.7%), α-terpinolene (22%-25.8%) and limonene (19.5%-19.7%). Some compounds, such as geranyl butyrate and germacrene-D, were only detected in the fruit oil.