HUBUNGAN FUSSY EATING DAN EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES

Latar Belakang: Fussy Eating merupakan gangguan makan yang umum terjadi pada anak tetapi memilki dampak buruk bagi kesehatan, termasuk kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Early Childhood Caries (ECC) adalah penyakit jaringan keras gigi yang paling banyak terjadi pada anak dengan prevalensi mencapai 90% (Riskesdas, 2018) . Tujuan: peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Fussy Eating dan Early Chidhhood Caries (ECC) pada anak. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 165 orang berusia 3-5 tahun beserta ibunya. Children Eating Behaviour Qutionnaire (CEBQ) subskala Food Fussiness digunakan untuk mengukur Fussy Eating pada anak. ECC diukur dengan index def-t. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Prevalensi anak dengan Fussy Eating adalah 50,9%. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara Fussy Eating dan kejadian ECC pada anak (p-value = 0,010; OR = 2,380; 95% CI 1,273-4,450). Kesimpulan: Fussy Eating berkontribuasi dalam kejadian ECC.

Fussy Eating among Children and Their Parents: Associations in Parent-Child Dyads, in a Sample of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Parents are important agents in shaping children’s eating habits. However, the associations between children’s and parents’ eating behaviors are complex and may be convoluted for various reasons, such as parenting feeding styles, stressful mealtimes, and children’s neurodevelopmental disorders (ND), such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to analyze associations between parents and their children’s fussy eating, in a cross-sectional sample of children, with and without ND. Ninety-seven parents answered screening questionnaires prior to an intervention study. Associations were investigated using two-way ANOVAs and chi-square analyses. Overall, children with ND accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children without ND. Fussy eating parents had children who accepted fewer food items and consumed unhealthier foods more frequently than children whose parents were not fussy eaters. Interaction effects were not significant. A higher proportion of fussy eating parents, than non-fussy eating parents, had children who had difficulties with combined foods and hidden ingredients. The findings highlight the need for further investigation into the relationships between parents’ influence on their children’s eating behavior and food consumption, as well as possible reciprocal impacts.

Childhood overeating is associated with adverse cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles in adolescence

Childhood eating behaviour contributes to the rise of obesity and related noncommunicable disease worldwide. However, we lack a deep understanding of biochemical alterations that can arise from aberrant eating behaviour. In this study, we prospectively associate longitudinal trajectories of childhood overeating, undereating, and fussy eating with metabolic markers at age 16 years to explore adolescent metabolic alterations related to specific eating patterns in the first 10 years of life. Data are from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 3104). We measure 158 metabolic markers with a high-throughput (1H) NMR metabolomics platform. Increasing childhood overeating is prospectively associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile (i.e., hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia) in adolescence; whereas undereating and fussy eating are associated with lower concentrations of the amino acids glutamine and valine, suggesting a potential lack of micronutrients. Here, we show associations between early behavioural indicators of eating and metabolic markers.

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder or ‘fussy eating’

Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder is a type of eating disorder in which people avoid certain foods or limit their consumption. It commonly affects children in whom it results in an inability to meet the body's nutritional and energy needs

“I still put them on her plate”: A qualitative study exploring strategies implemented by parents to promote vegetable intake

This study explored strategies implemented by parents to encourage their children to eat vegetables, especially when children exhibit fussy eating. The study involved a mixed methods approach using semi-structured interviews with twenty parents of preschool children (aged 2-5 years) with a high and low level of food fussiness (established by questionnaire). All interviews were audio recorded, then verbatim transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis revealed seven main themes with sixteen subthemes encompassing various vegetable promoting strategies. These included (1) Instructed knowledge, (2) Experiential learning, (3) Food manipulation, (4) Reinforcement, (5) Encouragement of autonomy (6) Commitment to a food ideal and (7) Inherent values. Parents used a range of methods to encourage their children to eat vegetables but there were no major differences by level of food fussiness. Parents talked about variable success in applying strategies even with the same child. Home based strategies were more diverse and personalized to the child than those tested in most research studies. Therefore, interventions to promote vegetable intake in preschool children will benefit from co-production with parents adopting a tailored approach to match the needs of the specific child.

A thematic cluster analysis of parents’ online discussions about fussy eating (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Food fussiness is common in toddlerhood. Fussiness is associated with nonresponsive parent feeding practices, such as persuasive and instrumental feeding. Such feeding practices may reinforce fussy eating behaviors and are associated with poorer dietary intake and suboptimal growth trajectories. Parent feeding practices are known to cluster; however, no previous research has examined how feeding practices cluster in parents of fussy eaters. OBJECTIVE This study explored how feeding practices and factors known to influence these clustered among parents who perceived their toddler to be a fussy eater. METHODS Data were collected from parent discussions of fussy eating on an online parenting forum on the social media site, Reddit (80,366 posts). Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used to identify discussions of fussy eating. Relevant posts (1,542) made by users who identified as a parent of a fussy eater (n=630) underwent qualitative coding and thematic analysis. RESULTS Five clusters of parents were identified, ranging in size from 53 to 189 users. These were primarily characterized by parents’ degree of concern and feeding practices: 1) High Concern, Nonresponsive; 2) Concerned, Nonresponsive; 3) Low Concern, Responsive; 4) Low Concern, Mixed Strategies; 5) Low Concern, Indulgent. Parents who used responsive practices tended to be less concerned for fussy eating, have greater trust in their child’s ability to self-regulate hunger, have longer-term feeding goals, and exhibit a greater ability for personal self-regulation. CONCLUSIONS Factors related to parent feeding practices may cluster among parents who perceive their toddler to be a fussy eater. Future research should examine these constructs to identify how they may relate to each other and to parents’ feeding practices in order to learn how they could be leveraged in parent feeding interventions.

Childhood fussy/picky eating behaviours: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies

Fussy/picky eating behaviours are common across childhood. Recent reviews of the fussy eating literature focus on quantitative research and do not adequately account for families’ subjective experiences, perceptions and practices. This review aims to synthesise the increasing volume of qualitative work on fussy eating. A systematic search of relevant databases was carried out. Studies were included if they were qualitative, published since 2008, with a primary focus on families’ experiences, perceptions and practices regarding fussy eating, food neophobia, or food refusal in children (aged one to young adult). Studies with clinical samples, or relating to children under one year were excluded. Ten studies were eligible for this review and were synthesised using meta-ethnography (developed by Noblit and Hare). This review provides a comprehensive description and definition of fussy eating behaviours. A conceptual model of the family experience of fussy eating was developed, illustrating relationships between child characteristics (including fussy eating behaviours), parent feeding beliefs, parent feeding practices, mealtime emotions and parent awareness of food preference development. Our synthesis identified two ways in which fussy eating relates to mealtime emotions (directly and via parent feeding practices) and three distinct categories of parent beliefs that relate to fussy eating (self-efficacy, attributions and beliefs about hunger regulation). The model proposes pathways which could be explored further in future qualitative and quantitative studies, and suggests that parent beliefs, emotions, and awareness should be targeted alongside parent feeding practices to increase effectiveness of interventions. The majority of studies included in this review focus on pre-school children and all report the parent perspective. Further research is required to understand the child’s perspective, and experiences of fussy eating in later childhood.PROSPERO Registration:CRD42017055943