Research and Application of Novel Bridge Concentric Zonal Water Injection Technology

Bridge concentric zonal water injection technology adopts integrated structural design of water distributor and adjustable water nozzle. It has a high success rate of docking test instrument and water distributor when measuring and adjusting. It can realize measurement and adjustment of downhole water distributor. At the same time, downhole parameters of measurement and adjustment can be direct read from surface. However, there are some disadvantages of existing bridge concentric zonal water injection technology, such as downhole water distributor has large adjustment torque, water leakage in full-off state, low precision of zonal flow rate test. These problems make it difficult for bridge concentric zonal water injection technology to meet zonal water injection of high temperature, high pressure and high deviated deep wells. This paper proposes a new bridge concentric zonal water injection technology, which has advantages of original concentric and eccentric zonal water injection technologies. The test instrument of this new technology is concentrically connected with downhole water distributor. Water inject rate can be adjusted with an eccentric valve. A gear transmission structure has been used in eccentric valve which can reduce torque by more than 70%. This can effectively improve the success rate of measurement and adjustment. In order to ensure that packers can be set more conveniently, a new T-type seal ring has been used in the water nozzle, which features no water leakage in full-off state. The downhole water distributor uses bridge channel to effectively eliminate interlayer interference. In addition, water nozzle adopts a herringbone opening structure design in order to improve the accuracy of measurement and adjustment. The integrated measurement and adjustment technology of downhole flowrate also can obtain flowrate, pressure, temperature and other parameters of any layer on line, which will significantly improve testing and adjustment efficiency. It can achieve packer sealing test on line through cable by using electrically controlled sealing test for packer technology. All packer sealing test operations can be completed in one trip. At the same time, this electrically controlled sealing test technology will improve efficiency and accuracy for packer sealing test. Until now, this technology has been tested in 175 wells with maximum depth 3823m, maximum deviation 43.75°, maximum reservoir temperature 155°C, up to 4 injection layers. The maximum wellhead pressure during measurement is 33.8MPa and flow rate error is less than 5%. Besides, time consuming of sealing test, measurement and adjustment for one injection well is 4-5h. Compared with existing technologies, this new technology has some advantages, such as high testing and adjustment successful rate, high efficiency, high precision and low cost etc. The research results can provide a reference for fine water injection development to enhance oil recovery in multi-layer reservoirs.

A computer model designed to evaluate the firefighting effectiveness of solid jet produced by water nozzle

The paper begins with a brief introduction and review of international research in the area of water jet streams and their effectiveness in firefighting. Then a general concept of a new numerical model for firefighting process using solid jet produced by water nozzle is presented. The provided description of the model includes main assumptions for extinguishing process and a set of relationships representing a mathematical model. The paper also includes block diagrams of the main program algorithms and procedures designed to determine the value of the surface and sprinkling intensity depending on the input data like nozzle dimensions, position etc. Input parameters which are necessary for the calculation are discussed, together with a general concept of the users input and output interfaces and simulation tests that can be performed using the developed model. Some selected simulation tests in tabular and graphical forms are included. Summary and general conclusions can be found at the end.

PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (STUDI KASUS : PEMBUATAN ALAT KONTROL SUHU, KELEMBABAN DAN PEMBUATAN WEBSITE PEMASARAN BENTENG HILIR-DELI SERDANG)

Has been Community Service for Micro-Business White Oyster Mushroom "Temperature control and humidity, Lower Fortress, Deli Serdang. Temperature control and humidity of white oyster mushrooms using Ardurino Uno R-3-based DHT 11 temperature sensor with 16x2 LCD display and HP Android. Controlling the temperature and humidity of white oyster mushrooms work automatically to help the mushroom farmers in controlling the temperature and humidity of white oyster mushroom kumbung .. If temperature> 300C and humidity <650C sensors will read the temperature and humidity in the kumbung and regulate the movement of the water pump in automatic and turn the water nozzle in water spraying onto the kumbung section and baglog mushrooms. This tool works to help white oyster mushroom farmers in increasing their harvest production. Keywords: Temperature Control and Humidity, Website Abstrak: Telah dilakukan Pengabdian Masyarakat bagi Usaha Mikro Jamur Tiram Putih”Pengendalian suhu dan kelembaban, Benteng Hilir, Deli Serdang. Pengendalian suhu dan kelembaban jamur tiram putih menggunakan sensor suhu DHT 11 berbasis Ardurino Uno R-3 dengan tampilan LCD 16x2 dan HP Android. Pengontrolan suhu dan kelembaban kumbung jamur tiram putih bekerja secara otomatis membantu para petani jamur dalam mengendalikan suhu dan kelembaban kumbung jamur tiram putih.. Jika suhu > 300C dan kelembaban <650C sensor akan membaca suhu dan kelembaban yang berada di kumbung dan mengatur pergerakkan pompa air secara otomatis dan menghidupkan nozzle air dalam penyemprotan air ke bahagian kumbung dan baglog jamur. Alat ini bekerja untuk membantu petani jamur tiram putih dalam peningkatan produksi panennya. Kata Kunci : Pengendalian Suhu dan kelembaban, Website

Analysis of the influence of the spraying angle on the distribution of sprinkling intensity by a selected Turbo water nozzle

The article describes the influence of the spraying angle on the distribution of the sprinkling intensity in the spray generated by the water nozzle Rosenbauer SELECT FLOW RB 101 EN. A partially modified laboratory stand normally used for testing of water nozzles was applied to carry out the experiments. Measurements of sprinkling intensity were made using the refined test method derived from the old Polish standard PN-89/M-51028. This parameter was determined in a weight-volume manner using measuring containers. The paper presents only the results of tests carried out for a flow rate of 400 dm3/min and three spraying angles: 30°, 60° and 90°. The obtained results clearly indicate that the spraying angle is a very important parameter affecting the distribution of sprinkling intensity in spray jets generated by Turbo water nozzles. It has been observed that along with the change of the spraying angle, the values of many parameters adopted for analysis describing the distribution of the sprinkling intensity, such as the spraying surface and its dimensions (shape), the maximum length of the spray jet and the maximum sprinkling intensity, are changed. Finally, important conclusions were formulated both in the theoretical and practical aspects.